暑期实训day11——多表子查询

前要条件

CREATE TABLE emp(
empno INT,
ename VARCHAR(50),
job VARCHAR(50),
mgr INT,
hiredate DATE,
sal DECIMAL(7,2),
comm DECIMAL(7,2),
deptno INT
) ;

INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7369,‘SMITH’,‘CLERK’,7902,‘1980-12-17’,800,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7499,‘ALLEN’,‘SALESMAN’,7698,‘1981-02-20’,1600,300,30);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7521,‘WARD’,‘SALESMAN’,7698,‘1981-02-22’,1250,500,30);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7566,‘JONES’,‘MANAGER’,7839,‘1981-04-02’,2975,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7654,‘MARTIN’,‘SALESMAN’,7698,‘1981-09-28’,1250,1400,30);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7698,‘BLAKE’,‘MANAGER’,7839,‘1981-05-01’,2850,NULL,30);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7782,‘CLARK’,‘MANAGER’,7839,‘1981-06-09’,2450,NULL,10);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7788,‘SCOTT’,‘ANALYST’,7566,‘1987-04-19’,3000,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7839,‘KING’,‘PRESIDENT’,NULL,‘1981-11-17’,5000,NULL,10);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7844,‘TURNER’,‘SALESMAN’,7698,‘1981-09-08’,1500,0,30);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7876,‘ADAMS’,‘CLERK’,7788,‘1987-05-23’,1100,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7900,‘JAMES’,‘CLERK’,7698,‘1981-12-03’,950,NULL,30);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7902,‘FORD’,‘ANALYST’,7566,‘1981-12-03’,3000,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES(7934,‘MILLER’,‘CLERK’,7782,‘1982-01-23’,1300,NULL,10);

CREATE TABLE dept(
deptno INT,
dname VARCHAR(14),
loc VARCHAR(13)
);

INSERT INTO dept VALUES(10, ‘ACCOUNTING’, ‘NEW YORK’);
INSERT INTO dept VALUES(20, ‘RESEARCH’, ‘DALLAS’);
INSERT INTO dept VALUES(30, ‘SALES’, ‘CHICAGO’);
INSERT INTO dept VALUES(40, ‘OPERATIONS’, ‘BOSTON’);

作答

-- 单行子查询(> < >= <= = <>)
	-- 查询出高于10号部门的平均工资的员工信息
  SELECT *FROM emp WHERE sal>(SELECT AVG(sal) FROM emp WHERE deptno=10)

-- 多行子查询(in  not in any all)
	-- 查询出比10号部门任何员工薪资高的员工信息
  SELECT *FROM emp WHERE sal>(SELECT MAX(sal) FROM emp WHERE deptno=10)

-- 多列子查询(实际使用较少)
	-- 和10号部门同名同工作的员工信息
  SELECT *FROM emp
  WHERE ename IN(SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE deptno=10)
  AND job IN(SELECT job FROM emp WHERE deptno=10)

-- select 后面接子查询	
	-- 获取员工的名字和部门的名字
  SELECT ename,dname
  FROM emp,dept
  WHERE emp.`deptno` = dept.`deptno`

-- from 后面接子查询
    -- 查询emp表中经理信息
  SELECT *FROM emp WHERE job='MANAGER'

-- where 后面接子查询	
	-- 薪资高于10号部门平均工资的所有员工信息
  SELECT *FROM emp WHERE sal>(SELECT AVG(sal) FROM emp WHERE deptno=10)
-- group by 后面接子查询
	-- 有哪些部门的平均工资高于30号部门的平均工资
  SELECT deptno
  FROM emp 
  GROUP BY deptno
  HAVING AVG(sal)>(SELECT AVG(sal) FROM emp WHERE deptno=30)
	
-- 工资>JONES工资
  SELECT *FROM emp WHERE sal>(SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename='JONES')

-- 查询与SCOTT同一个部门的员工
  SELECT *FROM emp 
  WHERE deptno=(SELECT deptno FROM emp WHERE ename='SCOTT')

-- 工资高于30号部门所有人的员工信息
  SELECT *FROM emp WHERE sal>(SELECT MAX(sal) FROM emp WHERE deptno=30)

-- 查询工作和工资与MARTIN完全相同的员工信息
  SELECT *FROM emp
  WHERE
  job=(SELECT job FROM emp WHERE ename='MARTIN') AND
  sal=(SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE ename='MARTIN')

-- 有两个以上直接下属的员工信息
  SELECT *
  FROM emp
  WHERE empno
  IN (SELECT mgr FROM emp GROUP BY mgr HAVING COUNT(*)>2)

-- 查询员工编号为7788的员工名称,员工工资,部门名称,部门地址
  SELECT ename,sal,dname,loc
  FROM emp,dept
  WHERE emp.`deptno`=dept.`deptno`
  AND empno=7788

• SQL查询的综合案例

1. 查询出高于本部门平均工资的员工信息
   SELECT *
   FROM emp e1
   WHERE
   e1.sal>(SELECT AVG(e2.sal) FROM emp e2 WHERE e1.deptno=e2.deptno GROUP BY e2.deptno)
   ORDER BY deptno

2. 列出达拉斯加工作的人中,比纽约平均工资高的人
   SELECT *
   FROM emp,dept
   WHERE emp.deptno=dept.deptno
   AND dept.loc=‘DALLAS’
   AND
   sal>
   (SELECT AVG(sal)
   FROM emp,dept
   WHERE emp.deptno=dept.deptno
   AND dept.loc=‘NEW YORK’)

3. 查询7369员工编号,姓名,经理编号和经理姓名
   SELECT e1.empno,e1.ename,e1.mgr,e2.ename
   FROM emp e1,emp e2
   WHERE e1.mgr=e2.empno

4. 查询出各个部门薪水最高的员工所有信息
   SELECT *
   FROM emp e1
   WHERE e1.sal=(SELECT MAX(e2.sal) FROM emp e2 WHERE e1.deptno=e2.deptno)

面试题

CREATE TABLE test(
NAME CHAR(20),
kecheng CHAR(20),
fenshu CHAR(20)
);

INSERT INTO test VALUES('张三','语文',81),
('张三','数学',75),
('李四','语文',76),
('李四','数学',90),
('王五','语文',81),
('王五','数学',82);

--请用一条Sql语句查处分数大于80的学生
  SELECT *FROM test WHERE fenshu>80