特殊的读写锁 StampedLock

StampedLock

该类自 JDK 8 加入，是为了进一步优化读性能，它的特点是在使用读锁、写锁时都必须配合【戳】使用加解读锁

    	long stamp = lock.readLock();
        lock.unlockRead(stamp);

解写锁

long stamp = lock.writeLock();
lock.unlockWrite(stamp);

乐观读，StampedLock 支持 tryOptimisticRead() 方法（乐观读），读取完毕后需要做一次 戳校验 如果校验通过，表示这期间确实没有写操作，数据可以安全使用，如果校验没通过，需要重新获取读锁，保证数据安全。

long stamp = lock.tryOptimisticRead();
// 验戳
if(!lock.validate(stamp)){
 // 锁升级
}

提供一个 数据容器类 内部分别使用读锁保护数据的 read() 方法，写锁保护数据的 write() 方法

class DataContainerStamped {
    private int data;
    private final StampedLock lock = new StampedLock();

    public DataContainerStamped(int data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public int read(int readTime) {
        long stamp = lock.tryOptimisticRead();
        log.debug("optimistic read locking...{}", stamp);
        sleep(readTime);
        if (lock.validate(stamp)) {
            log.debug("read finish...{}, data:{}", stamp, data);
            return data;
        }
        // 锁升级 - 读锁
        log.debug("updating to read lock... {}", stamp);
        try {
            stamp = lock.readLock();
            log.debug("read lock {}", stamp);
            sleep(readTime);
            log.debug("read finish...{}, data:{}", stamp, data);
            return data;
        } finally {
            log.debug("read unlock {}", stamp);
            lock.unlockRead(stamp);
        }
    }

    public void write(int newData) {
        long stamp = lock.writeLock();
        log.debug("write lock {}", stamp);
        try {
            sleep(2);
            this.data = newData;
        } finally {
            log.debug("write unlock {}", stamp);
            lock.unlockWrite(stamp);
        }
    }
}

注意

• StampedLock 不支持条件变量
• StampedLock 不支持可重入