Spring自动装配-由构造函数自动装配
由构造函数自动装配
这种模式与 byType 非常相似,但它应用于构造器参数。Spring 容器看作 beans,在 XML 配置文件中 beans 的 autowire 属性设置为 constructor。然后,它尝试把它的构造函数的参数与配置文件中 beans 名称中的一个进行匹配和连线。如果找到匹配项,它会注入这些 bean,否则,它会抛出异常。
实例:
- 在eclipse中新建一个名为autowire的Java工程
- 带入spring所需要的包
- 在src下新建一个名为autoTest02的包,在包下新建MainTest.java,Tstudent02.java,和Tteacher02.java三个class文件
- 在src下创建Beans.xml文件
下面是MainTest.java的内容:
package autowireTest02;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
Tstudent02 student = (Tstudent02)context.getBean("Tstudent02");
System.out.println(student);
}
}
下面是Tstudent.java的内容:
package autowireTest02;
public class Tstudent02 {
private String name;
private Tteacher02 teacher02;
public Tstudent02(String name,Tteacher02 teacher02) {
this.name=name;
this.teacher02=teacher02;
}
public String toString() {
return "my name is "+name+",and my teacher's name is "+teacher02.getName();
}
}
下面是Tteacher02.java的内容:
package autowireTest02;
public class Tteacher02 {
private String name;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
下面是Beans.xml的内容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="Tstudent01" class="autowireTest01.Tstudent" autowire="byName">
<property name="name" value="zs"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="teacher" class="autowireTest01.Tteacher">
<property name="name" value="ls"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="Tstudent02" class="autowireTest02.Tstudent02" autowire="constructor">
<constructor-arg value="zs"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<bean id="teacher02" class="autowireTest02.Tteacher02">
<property name="name" value="ls"></property>
</bean>
</beans>