62. 不同路径(Java)(回溯正向递归;动规正向迭代;动规逆向递归;一条龙)

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1 题目

一个机器人位于一个 m x n 网格的左上角 (起始点在下图中标记为“Start” )。

机器人每次只能向下或者向右移动一步。机器人试图达到网格的右下角(在下图中标记为“Finish”)。

问总共有多少条不同的路径?
在这里插入图片描述
例如,上图是一个7 x 3 的网格。有多少可能的路径?

示例 1:

输入: m = 3, n = 2
输出: 3
解释:
从左上角开始,总共有 3 条路径可以到达右下角。

  1. 向右 -> 向右 -> 向下
  2. 向右 -> 向下 -> 向右
  3. 向下 -> 向右 -> 向右
    示例 2:

输入: m = 7, n = 3
输出: 28

提示:

1 <= m, n <= 100
题目数据保证答案小于等于 2 * 10 ^ 9

2 Java

2.1 方法一(回溯正向递归,超时)

class Solution {
    int sum = 0;
    public int uniquePaths(int m, int n) {
        helper(0, 0, m, n);
        return sum;
    }

    public void helper(int i, int j, int m, int n){
        // if判断是否记录结果
        if(i == m - 1 && j == n - 1){
            sum++;  return;
        }
        // for循环多路选择
        if(i < m - 1)   helper(i + 1, j, m, n);
        if(j < n - 1)   helper(i, j + 1, m, n);
    }
}

2.2 方法二(动规正向迭代)

class Solution {
    public int uniquePaths(int m, int n) {
        // 创建备忘录(不用初始化,在for里单另情况写吧)
        int[][] dp = new int[m][n];

        // 外层for向前步进
        for(int i = 0; i < m; i++){
            for(int j = 0; j < n; j++){
                if(i == 0 && j == 0)    dp[i][j] = 1;
                else if(i == 0)         dp[i][j] = dp[i][j - 1];
                else if(j == 0)         dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j];
                // 内层for多路择优(从2种状态跳转)
                else                    dp[i][j] = dp[i][j - 1] + dp[i - 1][j];
            }
        }

        return dp[m - 1][n - 1];
    }
}

2.3 方法三(动规逆向递归)

class Solution {
    int[][] dp;
    public int uniquePaths(int m, int n) {
        // 初始化备忘录
        dp = new int[m][n];
        for(int i = 0; i < m; i++)  dp[i][0] = 1;
        for(int j = 0; j < n; j++)  dp[0][j] = 1;

        helper(m - 1, n - 1);
        return dp[m - 1][n - 1];
    }

    public int helper(int i, int j){
        // if判断是否有记录
        if(dp[i][j] != 0)    return dp[i][j];

        // for循环多路择优
        dp[i][j] = helper(i - 1, j) + helper(i, j - 1);
        return dp[i][j];
    }
}
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无限级树(Java递归) 2007-02-08 10:26 这几天,用java写了一个无限极的树,递归写的,可能代码不够简洁,性能不够好,不过也算是练习,这几天再不断改进。前面几个小图标的判断,搞死我了。 package com.nickol.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.util.ArrayList; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.nickol.utility.DB; public class category extends HttpServlet { /** * The doGet method of the servlet. * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */ public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out .println(""); out.println(""); out.println(" Category" + "" + "body{font-size:12px;}" + "" + "" + ""); out.println(" "); out.println(showCategory(0,0,new ArrayList(),"0")); out.println(" "); out.println(""); out.flush(); out.close(); } public String showCategory(int i,int n,ArrayList frontIcon,String countCurrent){ int countChild = 0; n++; String webContent = new String(); ArrayList temp = new ArrayList(); try{ Connection conn = DB.GetConn(); PreparedStatement ps = DB.GetPs("select * from category where pid = ?", conn); ps.setInt(1, i); ResultSet rs = DB.GetRs(ps); if(n==1){ if(rs.next()){ webContent += "";//插入结尾的减号 temp.add(new Integer(0)); } webContent += " ";//插入站点图标 webContent += rs.getString("cname"); webContent += "\n"; webContent += showCategory(Integer.parseInt(rs.getString("cid")),n,temp,"0"); } if(n==2){ webContent += "\n"; }else{ webContent += "\n"; } while(rs.next()){ for(int k=0;k<frontIcon.size();k++){ int iconStatic = ((Integer)frontIcon.get(k)).intValue(); if(iconStatic == 0){ webContent += "";//插入空白 }else if(iconStatic == 1){ webContent += "";//插入竖线 } } if(rs.isLast()){ if(checkChild(Integer.parseInt(rs.getString("cid")))){ webContent += "";//插入结尾的减号 temp = (ArrayList)frontIcon.clone(); temp.add(new Integer(0)); }else{ webContent += "";//插入结尾的直角 } }else{ if(checkChild(Integer.parseInt(rs.getString("cid")))){ webContent += "";//插入未结尾的减号 temp = (ArrayList)frontIcon.clone(); temp.add(new Integer(1)); }else{ webContent += "";//插入三叉线 } } if(checkChild(Integer.parseInt(rs.getString("cid")))){ webContent += " ";//插入文件夹图标 }else{ webContent += " ";//插入文件图标 } webContent += rs.getString("cname"); webContent += "\n"; webContent += showCategory(Integer.parseInt(rs.getString("cid")),n,temp,countCurrent+countChild); countChild++; } webContent += "\n"; DB.CloseRs(rs); DB.ClosePs(ps); DB.CloseConn(conn); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } return webContent; } public boolean checkChild(int i){ boolean child = false; try{ Connection conn = DB.GetConn(); PreparedStatement ps = DB.GetPs("select * from category where pid = ?", conn); ps.setInt(1, i); ResultSet rs = DB.GetRs(ps); if(rs.next()){ child = true; } DB.CloseRs(rs); DB.ClosePs(ps); DB.CloseConn(conn); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } return child; } } --------------------------------------------------------------------- tree.js文件 function changeState(countCurrent,countChild){ var object = document.getElementById("level" + countCurrent + countChild); if(object.style.display=='none'){ object.style.display='block'; }else{ object.style.display='none'; } var cursor = document.getElementById("cursor" + countCurrent + countChild); if(cursor.src.indexOf("images/tree_minus.gif")>=0) {cursor.src="images/tree_plus.gif";} else if(cursor.src.indexOf("images/tree_minusbottom.gif")>=0) {cursor.src="images/tree_plusbottom.gif";} else if(cursor.src.indexOf("images/tree_plus.gif")>=0) {cursor.src="images/tree_minus.gif";} else {cursor.src="images/tree_minusbottom.gif";} var folder = document.getElementById("folder" + countCurrent + countChild); if(folder.src.indexOf("images/icon_folder_channel_normal.gif")>=0){ folder.src = "images/icon_folder_channel_open.gif"; }else{ folder.src = "images/icon_folder_channel_normal.gif"; }
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