SpringBoot+RabbitMQ的简单示例

在SpringBoot中配置RabbitMQ

添加maven坐标：

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

配置application.properties，设置连接地址，端口，用户名，密码：

spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

实现发送和接收对象

定义一个简单的对象，要实现Serializable：

public class User implements Serializable {

    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String address;
    ..省略构造函数 get set
}

在配置类中定义队列：

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class RabbitmqConfig {
	//定义一个名为queue.a，持久化，非排他，非自动删除的队列
    @Bean
    public Queue queueA()
    {
        return new Queue("queue.a",true,false,false);
    }
}

发送对象，使用RabbitTemplate：

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class SenderService {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    public void sendByRabbitTemplate()
    {	//queue.a为之前定义的队列
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("queue.a",new User("swe111","jack","福建省"));
    }
}

接收对象：

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
//接收来自队列queue.a
@Service
@RabbitListener(queues = {"queue.a"})
public class ReceiverService {
//接收消息处理函数
    @RabbitHandler
    public void receiver(User user)
    {
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

实现发送接收多个主题（topic)

topic交换器模式下根据routing key来确定要投递的队列，
routing key 为一个“.”号分隔的字符串，如com.rabbit.client。
routing key 中也会出现“*”和“#”，“*”匹配一个字母，“#”匹配多个字母

在配置类中配置队列和交换器：

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class RabbitmqConfig {
    @Bean
    public Queue queueA()
    {
        return new Queue("queue.a",true,false,false);
    }
    @Bean
    public Queue queueB()
    {
        return new Queue("queue.b",true,false,false);
    }
    //定义topic交换器
    @Bean
    public TopicExchange topicExchange()
    {
        return new TopicExchange("topicExchange",true,false,null);
    }
    @Bean
    public Binding queueBindingA(Queue queueA,TopicExchange topicExchange)
    {	//将队列绑定至交换器，并指定routing key
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueA).to(topicExchange).with("queue.a");
    }
    @Bean
    public Binding queueBindingB(Queue queueB,TopicExchange topicExchange)
    {	//将队列绑定至交换器，并指定routing key
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueB).to(topicExchange).with("queue.#");
    }
}

发送消息

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class SenderService {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    public void sendByRabbitTemplate()
    {	//发送时要指定交换器和routing key，否则会将消息发送至默认交换器，routing key将不起作用
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchange","queue.a",
                new User("swe111","zxy","福建省"));
    }
}