springboot整合rabbitmq(简单入门的例子)

1、docker-compose安装rabbitmq

version: '3'
services:
  rabbitmq:
    image: rabbitmq:management-alpine
    container_name: rabbitmq
    environment:
      - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=admin
      - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=admin
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "15672:15672"
      - "5672:5672"
    logging:
      driver: "json-file"
      options:
        max-size: "200k"
        max-file: "10"

2、maven配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.ilovewl</groupId>
    <artifactId>rabbitmq-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>
    <name>rabbitmq-demo</name>
    <description>rabbitmq Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

3、重要的几个java类
RabbitmqConfig类

package com.ilovewl.rabbitmqdemo.config;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;


/**
 * rabbitMq 配置类
 * @author liuchangrong
 */
@Configuration
public class RabbitmqConfig {

    @Autowired
    private CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory;

    /**
     * 定义一个hello的队列
     * Queue 可以有4个参数
     *      1.队列名
     *      2.durable       持久化消息队列 ,rabbitmq重启的时候不需要创建新的队列 默认true
     *      3.auto-delete   表示消息队列没有在使用时将被自动删除 默认是false
     *      4.exclusive     表示该消息队列是否只在当前connection生效,默认是false
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue helloQueue() {
        return new Queue("queue-test");
    }

    /** ======================== 定制一些处理策略 =============================*/

    /**
     * 定制化amqp模版
     *
     * ConfirmCallback接口用于实现消息发送到RabbitMQ交换器后接收ack回调   即消息发送到exchange  ack
     * ReturnCallback接口用于实现消息发送到RabbitMQ 交换器，但无相应队列与交换器绑定时的回调  即消息发送不到任何一个队列中  ack
     */
    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate() {
        Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RabbitTemplate.class);

        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate();
        rabbitTemplate.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        // 消息发送失败返回到队列中, yml需要配置 publisher-returns: true
        rabbitTemplate.setMandatory(true);

        // 消息返回, yml需要配置 publisher-returns: true
        rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback((message, replyCode, replyText, exchange, routingKey) -> {
            String correlationId = message.getMessageProperties().getCorrelationId();
            log.debug("消息：{} 发送失败, 应答码：{} 原因：{} 交换机: {}  路由键: {}", correlationId, replyCode, replyText, exchange, routingKey);
        });

        // 消息确认, yml需要配置 publisher-confirms: true
        rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback((correlationData, ack, cause) -> {
            if (ack) {
//                log.debug("消息发送到exchange成功,id: {}", correlationData.getId());
            } else {
                log.debug("消息发送到exchange失败,原因: {}", cause);
            }
        });

        return rabbitTemplate;
    }
}

消费者类

package com.ilovewl.rabbitmqdemo.config;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author liuchangrong
 */
@Component
public class Consumer {
    private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Consumer.class);

    @RabbitListener(queues = "queue-test")
    public void process(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
        // 采用手动应答模式, 手动确认应答更为安全稳定
        channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), true);
        log.info("receive: " + new String(message.getBody()));
    }
}

生产者类

package com.ilovewl.rabbitmqdemo.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @author liuchangrong
 */
@Component
public class Producer {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /**
     * 给hello队列发送消息
     */
    public void send() {
        for (int i =0; i< 100; i++) {
            String msg = "hello, 序号: " + i;
            System.out.println("Producer, " + msg);
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("queue-test", msg);
        }
    }

}

4、配置文件application.properties

spring.rabbitmq.host=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
#一般默认的密码是guest guest,因为在上面docker-compose安装的时候我指定了用户名和密码
spring.rabbitmq.username=admin
spring.rabbitmq.password=admin
#消息发送到交换机确认机制，是否确认回调
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true
#消息发送到交换机确认机制，是否返回回调
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true

#手动应答
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode=manual
#指定最小的消费者数量
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.concurrency=1
#指定最小的消费者数量
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.max-concurrency=1
#是否支持重试
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.retry.enabled=true

5、启动程序即可看到控制台打印消息。

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参考别人博客，原理还不是很清楚，消息确认机制是一脸懵，加油，要努力了。

end