邮件发送原理及实现

邮件发送原理及实现

JavaMail API

需要的插件：

• mail-1.4.7.jar
• activation-1.1.1.jar
• javax.servlet.jsp-api-2.3.3.jar
• servlet-api-2.5.jar

MailDemo01

public class MailDemo01 {

    public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");// 设置QQ邮件服务器
        properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp");// 邮件发送协议
        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");    //需要验证用户名和密码

        //关于QQ邮箱，还有设置SSL加密，加上一下代码即可，大厂，其他邮箱不需要！
        MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
        sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
        properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");
        properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory",sf);

        //使用JavaMail发送邮件的5个步骤

        //1. 创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的 Session 对象
        // 创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象

        //QQ才有！其他邮箱不用
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
            @Override
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                //发件人邮箱用户名、授权码
                return new PasswordAuthentication("2728516618@qq.com", "aqyxhucstjhvdhff");
            }
        });

        //开启session的debug模式,可以看到程序发送Email的运行状态
        session.setDebug(true);

        //2. 通过session得到transport对象
        Transport ts = session.getTransport();

        //3. 使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
        ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","2728516618@qq.com","aqyxhucstjhvdhff");

        //4. 创建邮件:写邮件,注意传递session
        MimeMessage message = imageMail(session);

        //5. 发送邮件
        ts.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());

        //6.关闭连接
        ts.close();

    }

    public static MimeMessage imageMail(Session session) throws MessagingException{
        //消息的固定信息
        MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);

        //邮件的发件人
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("2728516618@qq.com"));

        //邮件的收件人，现在测试自己给自己发
        message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("2728516618@qq.com"));

        //邮件的标题
        message.setSubject("我也不知道是个啥就发给你了");

        //邮件的文本内容
        //message.setContent("<h1 style='color: red'>你好啊</h1>","text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        //===================================================//

        /*
            编写邮件内容
            1. 图片
            2. 附件
            3. 文本
         */


        //图片
        MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();
        DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("F:\\IDEAProject\\JavaWeb\\功能扩展\\mail-java\\src\\1.jpg"));
        image.setDataHandler(dh);//在我们的Body中放入这个处理的图片数据
        image.setContentID("1.jpg");//给图片设置一个id，我们在后面可以使用

        //文本
        MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
        text.setContent("这是一封邮件正文带图片<img src='cid:1.jpg'>的邮件","text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        //附件
        MimeBodyPart attachment1 = new MimeBodyPart();
        attachment1.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("F:\\IDEAProject\\JavaWeb\\功能扩展\\mail-java\\src\\jdbcConfig.properties")));
        attachment1.setFileName("jdbcConfig.properties");//设置附件名称

        MimeBodyPart attachment2 = new MimeBodyPart();
        attachment2.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("F:\\IDEAProject\\JavaWeb\\功能扩展\\mail-java\\src\\常用依赖.xml")));
        attachment2.setFileName("常用依赖.xml");

        //拼装邮件正文内容
        MimeMultipart multipart1 = new MimeMultipart();
        multipart1.addBodyPart(text);
        multipart1.addBodyPart(image);
        multipart1.setSubType("related");//1. 文本和图片内嵌成功

        //new MimeBodyPart().setContent(multipart1);//将拼装好的正文内容设置为主体
        MimeBodyPart contentText = new MimeBodyPart();
        contentText.setContent(multipart1);

        //拼装附件
        MimeMultipart allFile = new MimeMultipart();
        allFile.addBodyPart(attachment1);//附件
        allFile.addBodyPart(attachment2);//附件
        allFile.addBodyPart(contentText);//正文
        allFile.setSubType("mixed");    //正文和附件都存在邮件中，所有类型设置为mixed


        //设置到消息中，保存修改
        message.setContent(allFile);//把最后编辑好的邮件放到消息当中
        message.saveChanges();//保存修改
        return message;
    }
}

WebMail

pojo.User实体类 (不知道为什么lombok为什么不行)

public class User implements Serializable {

    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String email;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public User(String username, String password, String email) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.email = email;
    }

    public User() {
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }
}

servlet.RegisterServlet ( 手脚架 )

public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req,resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //接收用户请求，封装成对象
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        String email = req.getParameter("email");

        User user = new User(username, password, email);

        //用户注册成功之后，给用户发送一封邮件
        //我们使用线程来专门发送邮件，防止出现耗时，和网站注册人数过多的情况
        Sendmail send = new Sendmail(user);
        //启动线程，线程启动之后就会执行run方法来发送邮件
        send.start();

        //注册用户
        req.setAttribute("message","注册成功，我们已经发了一封带了注册信息的电子邮件，请查收！如网络不稳定，可能过会儿才能收到！！");
        req.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(req,resp);

    }
}

utils.Sendmail

/**
 * @program: 功能扩展
 * @author: Yao
 * @create: 2020-04-24 14:27
 * <p>
 * 网站3秒原则：用户体验
 * 多线程实现用户体验！  (异步处理)
 **/
public class Sendmail extends Thread {

    private String from = "2728516618@qq.com";

    private String username = "2728516618@qq.com";

    private String password = "aqyxhucstjhvdhff";

    private String host = "smtp.qq.com";

    private User user;

    public Sendmail(User user){
        this.user = user;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Properties properties = new Properties();
            properties.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com");// 设置QQ邮件服务器
            properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");// 邮件发送协议
            properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");    //需要验证用户名和密码

            //关于QQ邮箱，还有设置SSL加密，加上一下代码即可，大厂，其他邮箱不需要！
            MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
            sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
            properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
            properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

            //使用JavaMail发送邮件的5个步骤

            //1. 创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的 Session 对象
            // 创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象

            //QQ才有！其他邮箱不用
            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
                @Override
                protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                    //发件人邮箱用户名、授权码
                    return new PasswordAuthentication("2728516618@qq.com", "aqyxhucstjhvdhff");
                }
            });

            //开启session的debug模式,可以看到程序发送Email的运行状态
            session.setDebug(true);

            //2. 通过session得到transport对象
            Transport ts = session.getTransport();

            //3. 使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
            ts.connect("smtp.qq.com", "2728516618@qq.com", "aqyxhucstjhvdhff");

            //4. 创建邮件:写邮件,注意传递session
            MimeMessage message = imageMail(session);

            //5. 发送邮件
            ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());

            //6.关闭连接
            ts.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    private   MimeMessage imageMail(Session session) throws MessagingException {
        //消息的固定信息
        MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);

        //邮件的发件人
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));

        //邮件的收件人，现在测试自己给自己发
        message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail()));

        //邮件的标题
        message.setSubject("我也不知道是个啥就发给你了");

        String info = "恭喜你注册成功，您的用户名：" + user.getUsername() + "，您的密码：" + user.getPassword() + "，请妥善保管，如有问题请联系网站客服！！！";
//        message.setContent(info,"text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        //邮件的文本内容
        //message.setContent("<h1 style='color: red'>你好啊</h1>","text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        //===================================================//

        /*
            编写邮件内容
            1. 图片
            2. 附件
            3. 文本
         */


        //图片
        MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();
        DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("F:\\IDEAProject\\JavaWeb\\功能扩展\\mail-java\\src\\1.jpg"));
        image.setDataHandler(dh);//在我们的Body中放入这个处理的图片数据
        image.setContentID("1.jpg");//给图片设置一个id，我们在后面可以使用

        //文本
        MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
//        text.setContent("这是一封邮件正文带图片<img src='cid:1.jpg'>的邮件", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        text.setContent(info,"text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        //附件
        MimeBodyPart attachment1 = new MimeBodyPart();
        attachment1.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("F:\\IDEAProject\\JavaWeb\\功能扩展\\mail-java\\src\\jdbcConfig.properties")));
        attachment1.setFileName("jdbcConfig.properties");//设置附件名称

        MimeBodyPart attachment2 = new MimeBodyPart();
        attachment2.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("F:\\IDEAProject\\JavaWeb\\功能扩展\\mail-java\\src\\常用依赖.xml")));
        attachment2.setFileName("常用依赖.xml");

        //拼装邮件正文内容
        MimeMultipart multipart1 = new MimeMultipart();
        multipart1.addBodyPart(text);
        multipart1.addBodyPart(image);
        multipart1.setSubType("related");//1. 文本和图片内嵌成功

        //new MimeBodyPart().setContent(multipart1);//将拼装好的正文内容设置为主体
        MimeBodyPart contentText = new MimeBodyPart();
        contentText.setContent(multipart1);

        //拼装附件
        MimeMultipart allFile = new MimeMultipart();
        allFile.addBodyPart(attachment1);//附件
        allFile.addBodyPart(attachment2);//附件
        allFile.addBodyPart(contentText);//正文
        allFile.setSubType("mixed");    //正文和附件都存在邮件中，所有类型设置为mixed


        //设置到消息中，保存修改
        message.setContent(allFile);//把最后编辑好的邮件放到消息当中
        message.saveChanges();//保存修改
        return message;
    }
}

web.xml : 注册Servlet

 <servlet>
        <servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.yao.servlet.RegisterServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/RegisterServlet.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<% request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");%>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>注册</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/RegisterServlet.do" method="post">
            用户名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
            密码：<input type="password" name="password"><br>
            邮箱：<input type="text" name="email"><br>
            <input type="submit" value="注册">
        </form>
    </body>
</html>

info.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<% request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");%>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>xxx网站温馨提示</h1>
        ${message}
    </body>
</html>