力扣刷题学习SQL篇——1-18 订单最多的客户（where里面不能使用聚合函数，having可以）

1、题目

题目链接：https://leetcode.cn/problems/customer-placing-the-largest-number-of-orders/
SQL架构

Create table If Not Exists orders (order_number int, customer_number int)
Truncate table orders
insert into orders (order_number, customer_number) values ('1', '1')
insert into orders (order_number, customer_number) values ('2', '2')
insert into orders (order_number, customer_number) values ('3', '3')
insert into orders (order_number, customer_number) values ('4', '3')

表: Orders

+-----------------+----------+
| Column Name     | Type     |
+-----------------+----------+
| order_number    | int      |
| customer_number | int      |
+-----------------+----------+
Order_number是该表的主键。
此表包含关于订单ID和客户ID的信息。

编写一个SQL查询，为下了 最多订单 的客户查找 customer_number 。
测试用例生成后， 恰好有一个客户 比任何其他客户下了更多的订单。
查询结果格式如下所示。

示例 1:

输入: 
Orders 表:
+--------------+-----------------+
| order_number | customer_number |
+--------------+-----------------+
| 1            | 1               |
| 2            | 2               |
| 3            | 3               |
| 4            | 3               |
+--------------+-----------------+
输出: 
+-----------------+
| customer_number |
+-----------------+
| 3               |
+-----------------+
解释: 
customer_number 为 '3' 的顾客有两个订单，比顾客 '1' 或者 '2' 都要多，因为他们只有一个订单。
所以结果是该顾客的 customer_number ，也就是 3 。

进阶： 如果有多位顾客订单数并列最多，你能找到他们所有的 customer_number 吗？

2、解法

1、根据customer_number进行分组，然后根据count(customer_number)进行降序排列，获取第一条数据那么就行了。

select customer_number from Orders group by customer_number order by count(customer_number) desc limit 0,1

2、本题只有一个第一所以上面的方法可以，但是对于存在多个并列第一的情况，我们可以通过having来解决这个问题。having可以使用聚合函数，那么我们判断count(customer_number) 等于里面排行最大的第一条数据从而解决这个问题。那么多个相同值的就能获取到了

select customer_number from Orders group by customer_number having count(customer_number) = 
(select count(customer_number) from Orders group by customer_number order by count(customer_number) desc limit 0,1)

知识扩展

如果你对having这个字句不太熟悉，可以看这里
https://www.runoob.com/sql/sql-having.html