力扣刷题学习SQL篇——1-20 市场分析 I（count不会计算null行）

1、题目

题目链接：https://leetcode.cn/problems/market-analysis-i/
SQL架构

Create table If Not Exists Users (user_id int, join_date date, favorite_brand varchar(10))
Create table If Not Exists Orders (order_id int, order_date date, item_id int, buyer_id int, seller_id int)
Create table If Not Exists Items (item_id int, item_brand varchar(10))
Truncate table Users
insert into Users (user_id, join_date, favorite_brand) values ('1', '2018-01-01', 'Lenovo')
insert into Users (user_id, join_date, favorite_brand) values ('2', '2018-02-09', 'Samsung')
insert into Users (user_id, join_date, favorite_brand) values ('3', '2018-01-19', 'LG')
insert into Users (user_id, join_date, favorite_brand) values ('4', '2018-05-21', 'HP')
Truncate table Orders
insert into Orders (order_id, order_date, item_id, buyer_id, seller_id) values ('1', '2019-08-01', '4', '1', '2')
insert into Orders (order_id, order_date, item_id, buyer_id, seller_id) values ('2', '2018-08-02', '2', '1', '3')
insert into Orders (order_id, order_date, item_id, buyer_id, seller_id) values ('3', '2019-08-03', '3', '2', '3')
insert into Orders (order_id, order_date, item_id, buyer_id, seller_id) values ('4', '2018-08-04', '1', '4', '2')
insert into Orders (order_id, order_date, item_id, buyer_id, seller_id) values ('5', '2018-08-04', '1', '3', '4')
insert into Orders (order_id, order_date, item_id, buyer_id, seller_id) values ('6', '2019-08-05', '2', '2', '4')
Truncate table Items
insert into Items (item_id, item_brand) values ('1', 'Samsung')
insert into Items (item_id, item_brand) values ('2', 'Lenovo')
insert into Items (item_id, item_brand) values ('3', 'LG')
insert into Items (item_id, item_brand) values ('4', 'HP')

Table: Users

+----------------+---------+
| Column Name    | Type    |
+----------------+---------+
| user_id        | int     |
| join_date      | date    |
| favorite_brand | varchar |
+----------------+---------+
此表主键是 user_id。
表中描述了购物网站的用户信息，用户可以在此网站上进行商品买卖。

Table: Orders

+---------------+---------+
| Column Name   | Type    |
+---------------+---------+
| order_id      | int     |
| order_date    | date    |
| item_id       | int     |
| buyer_id      | int     |
| seller_id     | int     |
+---------------+---------+
此表主键是 order_id。
外键是 item_id 和（buyer_id，seller_id）。

Table: Items

+---------------+---------+
| Column Name   | Type    |
+---------------+---------+
| item_id       | int     |
| item_brand    | varchar |
+---------------+---------+
此表主键是 item_id。

请写出一条SQL语句以查询每个用户的注册日期和在 2019 年作为买家的订单总数。
以 任意顺序 返回结果表。
查询结果格式如下。

示例 1:

输入：
Users 表:
+---------+------------+----------------+
| user_id | join_date  | favorite_brand |
+---------+------------+----------------+
| 1       | 2018-01-01 | Lenovo         |
| 2       | 2018-02-09 | Samsung        |
| 3       | 2018-01-19 | LG             |
| 4       | 2018-05-21 | HP             |
+---------+------------+----------------+
Orders 表:
+----------+------------+---------+----------+-----------+
| order_id | order_date | item_id | buyer_id | seller_id |
+----------+------------+---------+----------+-----------+
| 1        | 2019-08-01 | 4       | 1        | 2         |
| 2        | 2018-08-02 | 2       | 1        | 3         |
| 3        | 2019-08-03 | 3       | 2        | 3         |
| 4        | 2018-08-04 | 1       | 4        | 2         |
| 5        | 2018-08-04 | 1       | 3        | 4         |
| 6        | 2019-08-05 | 2       | 2        | 4         |
+----------+------------+---------+----------+-----------+
Items 表:
+---------+------------+
| item_id | item_brand |
+---------+------------+
| 1       | Samsung    |
| 2       | Lenovo     |
| 3       | LG         |
| 4       | HP         |
+---------+------------+
输出：
+-----------+------------+----------------+
| buyer_id  | join_date  | orders_in_2019 |
+-----------+------------+----------------+
| 1         | 2018-01-01 | 1              |
| 2         | 2018-02-09 | 2              |
| 3         | 2018-01-19 | 0              |
| 4         | 2018-05-21 | 0              |
+-----------+------------+----------------+

2、解法

这个Order不需要用到，它的存在只是为了误导你和更完整的说明这个表关系。
count函数不会计算null行，所以不用做空值判断处理。

select u.user_id buyer_id , u.join_date join_date , count(o.buyer_id) orders_in_2019 from Users u left join (select buyer_id from Orders where year(order_date)=2019) o 
on u.user_id = o.buyer_id group by u.user_id order by u.user_id

知识扩展

如果你对count这个函数不太熟悉，可以看这里
https://www.runoob.com/sql/sql-func-count.html