go程序设计语言 练习题 3.3-3.4 三维曲面函数

题目：

练习3.3： 按高度给每个多边形上色，使得峰顶呈红色，谷底呈蓝色。
练习3.4： 仿照1.7节的实例Lissajous的方法，构建一个Web服务器，计算并生成曲面，同时将SVG数据写入客户端。服务器必须如下设置Content-Type报头。

w.Header().Set("Content-Type","image/svg+xml")

代码中囊括了gopl.io/ch1/lissajous、gopl.io/ch1/server3和gopl.io/ch3/surface 三个案例代码，重写了handler函数和corner函数的逻辑。

// Copyright © 2016 Alan A. A. Donovan & Brian W. Kernighan.
// License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

// See page 21.

// Server3 is an "echo" server that displays request parameters.
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"math"
	"net/http"
	"strings"
)

const (
	width, height = 600, 320            // canvas size in pixels
	cells         = 100                 // number of grid cells
	xyrange       = 30.0                // axis ranges (-xyrange..+xyrange)
	xyscale       = width / 2 / xyrange // pixels per x or y unit
	zscale        = height * 0.4        // pixels per z unit
	angle         = math.Pi / 6         // angle of x, y axes (=30°)
)
var sin30, cos30 = math.Sin(angle), math.Cos(angle) // sin(30°), cos(30°)

func main() {
	http.HandleFunc("/", handler)
	log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe("localhost:8000", nil))
}

//!+handler
// handler echoes the HTTP request.
func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	var outResult string
	var builder strings.Builder
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type","image/svg+xml")

	builder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' "+
		"style='stroke: grey; fill: white; stroke-width: 0.7' "+
		"width='%d' height='%d'>", width, height))
	for i := 0; i < cells; i++ {
		for j := 0; j < cells; j++ {
			ax, ay ,az:= corner(i+1, j)
			bx, by ,bz:= corner(i, j)
			cx, cy ,cz:= corner(i, j+1)
			dx, dy ,dz:= corner(i+1, j+1)
			if az < 0 && bz < 0 && cz < 0 && dz < 0 {
				builder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("<polygon style='fill: blue' points='%g,%g %g,%g %g,%g %g,%g'/>\n",
					ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy, dx, dy))
			} else {
				builder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("<polygon style='fill: red' points='%g,%g %g,%g %g,%g %g,%g'/>\n",
					ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy, dx, dy))
			}
		}
	}
	builder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("</svg>"))
	outResult = builder.String()
	fmt.Println(outResult)
	_, err := w.Write([]byte(outResult))
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
}

func corner(i, j int) (float64, float64, float64) {
	// Find point (x,y) at corner of cell (i,j).
	x := xyrange * (float64(i)/cells - 0.5)
	y := xyrange * (float64(j)/cells - 0.5)

	// Compute surface height z.
	z := f(x, y)

	// Project (x,y,z) isometrically onto 2-D SVG canvas (sx,sy).
	sx := width/2 + (x-y)*cos30*xyscale
	sy := height/2 + (x+y)*sin30*xyscale - z*zscale
	return sx, sy,z
}

func f(x, y float64) float64 {
	r := math.Hypot(x, y) // distance from (0,0)
	return math.Sin(r) / r
}

//!-handler

运行效果：