防火墙技术_reject-with icmp-port-unreachable-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44033467/article/details/108392262

防火墙技术

配置主机名

节点配置主机名：
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname user1
//退出并重新连接虚拟机
[root@user1 ~]# hostnamectl 
Static hostname: user1
         Icon name: computer-vm
           Chassis: vm
        Machine ID: 17d24d21f1c34b699c19d5e84762b3fe
           Boot ID: 6ea800f863564e11afc5d91d65fafb3f
    Virtualization: vmware
  Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
            Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
      Architecture: x86-64redis2节点配置主机名：
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname user2
//退出并重新连接虚拟机
[root@user2 ~]# hostnamectl 
   Static hostname: user2
         Icon name: computer-vm
           Chassis: vm
        Machine ID: 17d24d21f1c34b699c19d5e84762b3fe
           Boot ID: d6c808d94d6b4501b5ad740429e23aa4
    Virtualization: vmware
  Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
            Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
      Architecture: x86-64

将centos镜像上传并挂载，所有节点配置yum源
所有节点配置本地yum源。

[root@user1 ~]# mkdir /opt/centos
[root@user1 ~]# mount CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso /opt/centos
mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@user1 ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
[root@user1 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[centos]
name=centos
baseurl=file:///opt/centos
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

在两个节点安装并启动httpd和mariadb服务，并在user2上新建一个网页。

[root@user1 ~]# yum install mariadb-server httpd -y
[root@user1 ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@user1 ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@user2 ~]# yum install mariadb-server httpd -y
[root@user2 ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@user2 ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@user2 ~]# echo welcome to beijing > /var/www/html/index.html

此时user2主机进行控制其他机器访问。

[root@user2 ~]# iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.20.1,127.0.0.1 -j ACCEPT //允许本地windows系统访问
[root@user2 ~]# iptables -A INPUT -j REJECT //拒绝其他所有主机访问本机 
[root@user2 ~]# iptables -vnL --line-numbers
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
1        8   560 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       192.168.20.1         0.0.0.0/0           
2        0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       127.0.0.1            0.0.0.0/0           
3        0     0 REJECT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-port-unreachable

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 3 packets, 308 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
[root@user2 html]# iptables -vnL --line-numbers
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
1       15  1012 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       192.168.20.1         0.0.0.0/0           
2        0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       127.0.0.1            0.0.0.0/0           
3        0     0 REJECT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-port-unreachable

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 8 packets, 1568 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination

此时user1主机无法访问user2主机。

[root@user1 ~]# curl 192.168.20.20
curl: (7) Failed connect to 192.168.20.20:80; Connection refused
此时只允许user1用户访问本机的httpd服务。
[root@user2 ~]# iptables -I  INPUT 3 -s 192.168.20.10 -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
[root@user2 ~]# iptables -vnL --line-numbers
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
1      126  9352 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       192.168.20.1         0.0.0.0/0           
2        0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       127.0.0.1            0.0.0.0/0           
3        0     0 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       192.168.20.10        0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:80
4        1    60 REJECT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-port-unreachable

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 7 packets, 772 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination   
此时user1主机通过TCP协议就可以访问user2主机的httpd服务内容。
[root@user1 ~]# curl 192.168.20.20
welcome to beijing

在user2主机将mysql数据库允许user1主机访问。

[root@user2 ~]# iptables -I  INPUT 3 -s 192.168.20.10 -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
[root@user2 ~]# iptables -vnL --line-numbers
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
1      220 16328 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       192.168.20.1         0.0.0.0/0           
2        0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       127.0.0.1            0.0.0.0/0           
3        0     0 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       192.168.20.10        0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:3306
4        6   397 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       192.168.20.10        0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:80
5        1    60 REJECT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-port-unreachable

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 13 packets, 1580 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination

在user2主机将mysql数据库允许user1主机访问，并验证。

[root@user2 ~]# mysql -e "grant all on *.* to test@'192.168.20.%' identified by 'centos'"
[root@user1 ~]# mysql -utest -pcentos -h192.168.20.20 //在user1节点验证
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 6
Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>