java常用验证码

写在前面（点击图片刷新）

<img alt="" src="/MyProject/captchaCodeServlet" onclick="refreshCode(this);"><br>


<script type="text/javascript">
	//刷新验证码
	function refreshCode(obj){
		obj.src = "/MyProject/aptchaCodeServlet?time=" + new Date().getTime();
	}
</script>

第一种、数字验证码

package com.bdqn.load;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
/**
 * 数字验证码
 * @author ZhanShenxwd
 *
 */
@WebServlet("/captchaCodeServlet")
public class CaptchaCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	//绘制字符的X轴坐标
	private int x = 0;
	// 设置验证码图片中显示的字体高度
	private int fontHeight;
	//绘制字符的Y轴坐标
	private int codeY;
	// 在这里定义了验证码图片的宽度
	private int width = 100;
	// 定义验证码图片的高度。
	private int height = 30;
	// 定义验证码字符个数，此处设置为4位
	private int codeNum = 4;
	
	 Color getRandColor(int ff,int cc){
         //给定范围获得随机颜色
         Random random = new Random();
         if(ff>255) ff=255;
         if(cc>255) cc=255;
         int r=ff+random.nextInt(cc-ff);
         int g=ff+random.nextInt(cc-ff);
         int b=ff+random.nextInt(cc-ff);
         return new Color(r,g,b);
  }


	char[] codes = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A',
			'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N',
			'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', };

	/**
	 * 对验证图片属性进行初始化
	 */
	public void init() throws ServletException {
		// 从部署文件web.xml中获取程序初始化信息，图片宽度跟高度，字符个数信息
		// 获取初始化字符个数
		String strCodeNums = this.getInitParameter("codeNum");
		// 获取验证码图片宽度参数
		String strW = this.getInitParameter("width");
		// 获取验证码图片高度参数
		String strH = this.getInitParameter("height");

		// 将配置的字符串信息转换成数值类型数字
		try {
			if (strH != null && strH.length() != 0) {
				height = Integer.parseInt(strH);
			}
			if (strW != null && strW.length() != 0) {
				width = Integer.parseInt(strW);
			}
			if (strCodeNums != null && strCodeNums.length() != 0) {
				codeNum = Integer.parseInt(strCodeNums);
			}
		} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
		}
		//控制字符的间距 - 2
		x = width / (codeNum + 1) - 2;
		fontHeight = height - 2;
		codeY = height - 4;

	}

	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, java.io.IOException {
		// 定义验证码图像的缓冲流
		BufferedImage buffImg = new BufferedImage(width, height,
				BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		// 产生图形上下文
		Graphics2D g = buffImg.createGraphics();

		// 创建随机数产生函数
		Random random = new Random();

		// 将验证码图像背景填充为白色
		g.setColor(getRandColor(210, 260));
		g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);

		// 创建字体格式，字体的大小则根据验证码图片的高度来设定。
		Font font = new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, fontHeight);
		// 设置字体。
		g.setFont(font);

		// 为验证码图片画边框，为一个像素。
		g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
//		g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);

		// 随机生产100跳图片干扰线条，使验证码图片中的字符不被轻易识别
		g.setColor(getRandColor(110, 240));
		for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
			int x = random.nextInt(width);
			int y = random.nextInt(height);
			int xl = random.nextInt(12);
			int yl = random.nextInt(12);
			g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
		}

		// randomCode保存随机产生的验证码
		StringBuffer randomCode = new StringBuffer();

		// 随机生产codeNum个数字验证码
		for (int i = 0; i < codeNum; i++) {
			// 得到随机产生的验证码
			String strRand = String.valueOf(codes[random.nextInt(codes.length)]);
			// 用随机产生的颜色将验证码绘制到图像中。
			g.setColor(new Color(20+random.nextInt(110),20+random.nextInt(110),20+random.nextInt(110)));
			// 将随机字符写入到图像环境中
			g.drawString(strRand, (i + 1) * x, codeY);
			// 将产生的随机字符组合在一起。
			randomCode.append(strRand);
		}
		// 将生产的验证码保存到Session中
		HttpSession session = req.getSession();
		session.setAttribute("validate", randomCode.toString());
		// 设置图像缓存为no-cache。
		resp.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
		resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
		resp.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
		resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");
		// 将最终生产的验证码图片输出到Servlet的输出流中
		ServletOutputStream sos = resp.getOutputStream();
		ImageIO.write(buffImg, "jpeg", sos);
		sos.close();
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(req, resp);
	}

}

第二种、成语验证码

[成语预览：] http://182.92.4.204/MuKeWang/words.txt

	package com.bdqn.load;
	
	import java.awt.Color;
	import java.awt.Font;
	import java.awt.Graphics;
	import java.awt.Graphics2D;
	import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
	import java.io.BufferedReader;
	import java.io.FileReader;
	import java.io.IOException;
	import java.util.ArrayList;
	import java.util.List;
	import java.util.Random;
	
	import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
	import javax.servlet.ServletException;
	import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
	import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
	import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
	import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
	
	/**
	 * 成语验证码
	 * @author ZhanShenxwd
	 *
	 */
	@WebServlet("/checkCodeServlet")
	public class CheckCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
		private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	
		// 集合中保存所有成语
		private List<String> words = new ArrayList<String>();
	
		@Override
		public void init() throws ServletException {
			// 初始化阶段，读取new_words.txt
			// web工程中读取 文件,必须使用绝对磁盘路径
			String path = getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/words.txt");
			try {
				BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(path));
				String line;
				//把读的成语全部添加到一个集合当中
				while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
					words.add(line);
				}
				reader.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	
		public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
				throws ServletException, IOException {
			// 禁止缓存
			response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
			//设置过期时间为立即过期
			response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
			
			int width = 100;
			int height = 30;
			// 步骤一 绘制一张内存中图片
			BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(width, height,
					BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
			// 步骤二 图片绘制背景颜色 ---通过绘图对象
			Graphics graphics = bufferedImage.getGraphics();// 得到画图对象 --- 画笔
			// 绘制任何图形之前 都必须指定一个颜色
			graphics.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
			graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
			// 步骤三 绘制边框
			graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);
			graphics.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
			// 步骤四 四个随机数字
			Graphics2D graphics2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
			// 设置输出字体
			graphics2d.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 18));
			Random random = new Random();// 生成随机数
			int index = random.nextInt(words.size());
			String word = words.get(index);// 获得成语
	//		System.out.println(word);
			// 定义x坐标
			int x = 10;
			for (int i = 0; i < word.length(); i++) {
				// 随机颜色
				graphics2d.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random
						.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
				// 旋转 -30 --- 30度
				int jiaodu = random.nextInt(60) - 30;
				// 换算弧度
				double theta = jiaodu * Math.PI / 180;
	
				// 获得字母数字
				char c = word.charAt(i);
	
				// 将c 输出到图片
				graphics2d.rotate(theta, x, 20);
				graphics2d.drawString(String.valueOf(c), x, 20);
				graphics2d.rotate(-theta, x, 20);
				//控制字符的间距
				x += 22;
			}
	
			// 将验证码内容保存session
			//request.getSession().setAttribute("checkcode_session", word);
			//把生成的验证码存放到全局域对象当中
			this.getServletContext().setAttribute("checkCode", word);
			// 步骤五 绘制干扰线
			graphics.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
			int x1;
			int x2;
			int y1;
			int y2;
			for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
				x1 = random.nextInt(width);
				x2 = random.nextInt(12);
				y1 = random.nextInt(height);
				y2 = random.nextInt(12);
				graphics.drawLine(x1, y1, x1 + x2, x2 + y2);
			}
			// 将上面图片输出到浏览器 ImageIO
			graphics.dispose();// 释放资源
			//将图片写到response.getOutputStream()中
			ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());
		}
	
		public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
				throws ServletException, IOException {
			doGet(request, response);
		}
	
		/**
		 * 取其某一范围的color
		 * 
		 * @param fc
		 *            int 范围参数1
		 * @param bc
		 *            int 范围参数2
		 * @return Color
		 */
		private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
			// 取其随机颜色
			Random random = new Random();
			if (fc > 255) {
				fc = 255;
			}
			if (bc > 255) {
				bc = 255;
			}
			int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
			int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
			int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
			return new Color(r, g, b);
		}
	
	}