利用c++完成学生成绩管理系统

能够基本实现学生成绩管理系统，其中包括对学生信息的插入，显示，删除，修改，对学生成绩进行排序功能，还能够将数据保存至文件中。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include<fstream>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
class student//学生类
{
public:
~student();//析构函数
void display();
void input();//输入学生信息

void show();//输出学生信息
void Delete();//删除学生信息
void seek();//查找学生信息
void update();//改动学生信息
void sort();//对学生的语文成绩排序
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &ostream,student &s);
private:
student *s;     //学生类指针
int stu_num;       //学生的人数
string name;    //姓名
string num;         //学号
int escore;    //英语成绩
int mscore;    //高数成绩
int cscore;    //c++成绩
int sum;       //总分
};
ostream& operator<<(ostream &ostream,student &s)
{
ostream<<s.name<<","<<s.num<<","<<s.escore<<","<<s.mscore<<","<<s.cscore<<","<<s.sum<<endl;
return ostream;
}
int main()
{
int Item;//操作命令

student s;//学生对象
s.display();
while(1)
{
    cout<<"请选择操作命令:";
    cin>>Item;
    //system("cls");//清屏

    switch(Item)
    {
    case 1://输入学生信息
    {
        s.input();

    }
    break;

    case 2://输出学生信息
    {
        s.show();
    }
    break;

    case 3://删除学生信息
    {
        s.Delete();

    }
    break;

    case 4://查找学生信息
    {
        s.seek();
    }
    break;

    case 5://改动学生信息
    {
        s.update();

    }
    break;

    case 6://对学生排序
    {
        s.sort();
        s.show();
    }
    break;
    case 7:
        break;



    default:
        break;
    }
}
return 0;
}
//界面函数
void student :: display()
{
printf("*********************************\n");
printf("    欢迎进入学生成绩管理系统     \n");
printf("*********************************\n");
printf("\n");
printf("\n");
printf("*********************************\n");
printf("              主菜单             \n");
printf("\n");
printf("     【1】输入学生基本信息       \n");
printf("     【2】显示学生基本信息       \n");
printf("     【3】删除学生基本信息       \n");
printf("     【4】查询学生基本信息       \n");
printf("     【5】修改学生基本信息       \n");
printf("     【6】排序学生基本信息       \n");
printf("   【7】关闭学生成绩管理系统     \n");
printf("\n");
printf("\n");
printf("*********************************\n");
printf("\n");
printf("\n");
printf("*************若有侵权************\n");
printf("************律师函警告***********\n");
}
//析构函数
student::~student()
{
  delete(s);
  }
  //输入学生的信息
  void student :: input ()
  {
system("cls");
cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;
cout<<"***********输入信息**********"<<endl;
cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;
int len;//学生的人数
cout<<"请输入学生人数：";
cin>>len;
cin.get();
while(!cin.good())
{
    cin.clear();
    cin.sync();
    cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
    cin>>len;
    cin.get();
}
stu_num = len;

s = new student[stu_num];

for(int i=0; i<len; i++)
{
    cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个学生的姓名:";
    cin>>s[i].name;
    cin.get();
    while(!cin.good())
    {
        cin.clear();
        cin.sync();
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>s[i].name;
        cin.get();
    }
    cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个学生的学号:";
    cin>>s[i].num;
    cin.get();
    while(!cin.good())
    {
        cin.clear();
        cin.sync();
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>s[i].num;
        cin.get();
    }
    for(int b=0; b<stu_num; b++)
    {
        if(b==i)
            b++;
        if(s[b].num==s[i].num)
        {
            cout<<"与已有学生的学号重复，请重新输入：";
            cin>>s[i].num;
            cin.get();
            while(!cin.good())
            {
                cin.clear();
                cin.sync();
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入: ";
                cin>>s[i].num;
                cin.get();
            }
        }
    }
    cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个学生的英语成绩:";
    cin>>s[i].escore;
    cin.get();
    while(!cin.good())
    {
        cin.clear();
        cin.sync();
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>s[i].escore;
        cin.get();
    }
    while(s[i].escore>100 || s[i].escore<0)
    {
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>s[i].escore;
        cin.get();
        while(!cin.good())
        {
            cin.clear();
            cin.sync();
            cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
            cin>>s[i].escore;
            cin.get();
        }
    }
    cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个学生的数学成绩:";
    cin>>s[i].mscore;
    cin.get();
    while(!cin.good())
    {
        cin.clear();
        cin.sync();
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>s[i].mscore;
        cin.get();
    }
    while(s[i].mscore>100 || s[i].mscore<0)
    {
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>s[i].mscore;
        cin.get();
        while(!cin.good())
        {
            cin.clear();
            cin.sync();
            cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
            cin>>s[i].mscore;
            cin.get();
        }
    }
    cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个学生的c++成绩:";
    cin>>s[i].cscore;
    cin.get();
    while(!cin.good())
    {
        cin.clear();
        cin.sync();
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>s[i].cscore;
        cin.get();
    }
    while(s[i].cscore>100 || s[i].cscore<0)
    {
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>s[i].cscore;
        cin.get();
        while(!cin.good())
        {
            cin.clear();
            cin.sync();
            cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
            cin>>s[i].cscore;
            cin.get();
        }
    }
    s[i].sum = s[i].escore + s[i].mscore + s[i].cscore;
    ofstream fb("f1.txt",ios::out);
    if(!fb)
    {
        cout<<"打开文件失败！"<<endl;
        abort();
    }
    fb.seekp(0,ios::end);
    for(int j=0; j<stu_num; j++)
    {
        fb<<s[j].name<<"\t"<<s[j].num<<"\t"<<s[j].escore<<"\t"<<s[j].mscore<<"\t"<<s[j].cscore<<"\t"<<s[j].sum;
        cout<<endl;
    }
    fb.close();
    system("cls");
}
}
//输出学生的信息
void student::show()
{
system("cls");
cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;
cout<<"***********显示结果**********"<<endl;
cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;
cout<<"姓名\t\t学号\t\t英语\t\t数学\t\tc++\t\t总分"<<endl;
fstream fa("f1.txt",ios :: binary | ios :: in);
if(!fa)
{
    cout<<"该文件打不开！"<<endl;
    abort();       //退出程序
}
fa.seekg(0,ios::beg);
for(int i=0; i<stu_num; i++)
{
    cout<<s[i].name<<"\t\t"<<s[i].num<<"\t\t"<<s[i].escore<<"\t\t"<<s[i].mscore<<"\t\t"<<s[i].cscore<<"\t\t"
        <<s[i].sum<<endl;
}
fa.close();
}
void student::Delete()//删除学生信息
{
system("cls");
cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;
cout<<"***********删除记录**********"<<endl;
cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;
cout<<endl;
char q;
cout<<"请选择根据学生姓名或者学号删除记录(n/x)：";

cin>>q;
cin.get();
while(q!='n'&& q!='x')
{
    cout<<"输入有误，请重新输入：";
    cin>>q;
    cin.get();
}
if(q=='n')
{
    string sr;
    cout<<"请输入你须要删除的学生的姓名:";
    cin>>sr;
    while(!cin.good())
    {
        cin.clear();
        cin.sync();
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>sr;
        cin.get();
    }
    fstream fc("f1.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);
    if(!fc)
    {
        cout<<"打开文件失败！"<<endl;
        abort();
    }
    fc.seekg(0,ios::beg);
    int n;//标记姓名相等时的下标
    int r=0;
    //寻找姓名相等时的下标
    for(int i=0; i<stu_num; i++)
    {
        //当姓名相等时
        if(sr ==s[i].name)
        {
            r++;
            cout<<"找到该同学！"<<endl;
            n=i;
            for(int j=n+1; j<stu_num; j++)
            {
                s[j-1] = s[j];
            }
            stu_num -= 1;
            for(int k=0; k<stu_num; k++)
            {
                fc<<s[k].name<<"\t"<<s[k].num<<"\t"<<s[k].escore<<"\t"<<s[k].mscore<<"\t"<<s[k].cscore<<"\t"<<s[k].sum;
                cout<<endl;
            }

            cout<<"删除成功！"<<endl;
            fc.close();
        }
    }
    if(r==0)
    {
        cout<<"查无此人！请重新输入：";
        cin>>sr;
        cin.get();
    }


}
else if(q=='x')
{
    string sa;
    cout<<"请输入你须要删除的学生的学号:";
    cin>>sa;
    while(!cin.good())
    {
        cin.clear();
        cin.sync();
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>sa;
        cin.get();
    }
    fstream fw("f1.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);
    if(!fw)
    {
        cout<<"打开文件失败！"<<endl;
        abort();
    }
    fw.seekg(0,ios::beg);
    int m;//标记姓名相等时的下标
    int o=0;
    //寻找姓名相等时的下标
    for(int i=0; i<stu_num; i++)
    {
        //当姓名相等时
        if(sa == s[i].num)
        {
            m = i;
            o++;
            cout<<"找到该同学！"<<endl;
            for(int j=m+1; j<stu_num; j++)
            {
                s[j-1] = s[j];
            }

            stu_num -= 1;//学生人数降低一个
            for(int a=0; a<stu_num; a++)
            {
                fw<<s[a].name<<"\t"<<s[a].num<<"\t"<<s[a].escore<<"\t"<<s[a].mscore<<"\t"<<s[a].cscore<<"\t"<<s[a].sum;
                cout<<endl;
            }
            cout<<"删除成功！"<<endl;
            fw.close();
        }
    }
    if(o==0)
    {
        cout<<"查无此人！请重新输入：";
        cin>>sa;
        cin.get();
    }


}
}
void student::seek()//查找学生信息
{
system("cls");
cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;
cout<<"***********查找记录**********"<<endl;
cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;
cout<<endl;
cout<<"请选择根据学号或者姓名查找2/1)：(";
char se;
cin>>se;
while(se!='1'&&se!='2')
{
    cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
    cin>>se;
    cin.get();
}
if(se=='1')
{
    string name;
    cout<<"请输入你须要查找的学生的姓名:";
    cin>>name;
    while(!cin.good())
    {
        cin.clear();
        cin.sync();
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>name;
        cin.get();
    }
    fstream fd("f1.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);
    if(!fd)
    {
        cout<<"文件打开失败！"<<endl;
        abort();
    }
    fd.seekg(0,ios::beg);
    cout<<"姓名\t\t学号\t\t英语\t\t数学\t\tc++\t\t总分"<<endl;
    int i;
    int h=0;
    for(i=0; i<stu_num; i++)
    {
        if(name == s[i].name)
        {
            h++;
            cout<<s[i].name<<"\t\t"<<s[i].num<<"\t\t"<<s[i].escore<<"\t\t"<<s[i].mscore<<"\t\t"<<s[i].cscore<<"\t\t"<<s[i].sum<<endl;

            fd.close();
        }
    }
    if(h==0)
    {
        cout<<"查无此人！请重新输入：";
        cin>>name;
        cin.get();
    }

}
else if(se=='2')
{
    string id;
    cout<<"请输入你须要查找的学生的学号:";
    cin>>id;
    while(!cin.good())
    {
        cin.clear();
        cin.sync();
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>id;
        cin.get();
    }
    fstream fe("f1.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);
    if(!fe)
    {
        cout<<"文件打开失败！"<<endl;
        abort();
    }
    fe.seekg(0,ios::beg);
    cout<<"姓名\t\t学号\t\t英语\t\t数学\t\tc++\t\t总分"<<endl;
    int j;
    int g=0;
    for(j=0; j<stu_num; j++)
    {
        if(id == s[j].num)
        {
            g++;
            cout<<s[j].name<<"\t\t"<<s[j].num<<"\t\t"<<s[j].escore<<"\t\t"<<s[j].mscore<<"\t\t"<<s[j].cscore<<"\t\t"<<s[j].sum<<endl;
            fe.close();
        }
    }
    if(g==0)
    {
        cout<<"查无此人！请重新输入：";
        cin>>id;
        cin.get();
    }

}
}
void student::update()//改动学生信息
{
system("cls");
cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;
cout<<"***********查找记录**********"<<endl;
cout<<"*****************************"<<endl;
cout<<endl;
cout<<"请选择根据学号或者姓名查找(2/1)：";
char sf;
cin>>sf;
while(sf!='1'&&sf!='2')
{
    cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
    cin>>sf;
    cin.get();
}
if(sf=='1')
{
    string name1;
    cout<<"请输入你须要更新的学生的姓名:";
    cin>>name1;
    while(!cin.good())
    {
        cin.clear();
        cin.sync();
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>name1;
        cin.get();
    }
    fstream ff("f1.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);
    if(!ff)
    {
        cout<<"文件打开失败！"<<endl;
        abort();
    }
    ff.seekg(0,ios::beg);
    int i;
    int u=0;
    for(i=0; i<stu_num; i++)
    {
        if(name1 == s[i].name)
        {
            u++;

            cout<<"改动前学生的信息:"<<endl;
            cout<<s[i].name<<" "<<s[i].num<<"  "<<s[i].escore<<" "<<s[i].mscore<<" "
                <<s[i].cscore<<" "<<s[i].sum<<endl<<endl;

            cout<<"请输入学生的学号:";
            cin>>s[i].num;
            cin.get();
            while(!cin.good())
            {
                cin.clear();
                cin.sync();
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].num;
                cin.get();
            }
            for(int c=0; c<stu_num; c++)
            {
                if(c==i)
                    c++;
                if(s[c].num==s[i].num)
                {
                    cout<<"与已有学生的学号重复，请重新输入：";
                    cin>>s[i].num;
                    cin.get();
                    while(!cin.good())
                    {
                        cin.clear();
                        cin.sync();
                        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入: ";
                        cin>>s[i].num;
                        cin.get();
                    }
                }
            }
            cout<<"请输入学生的英语成绩:";
            cin>>s[i].escore;
            cin.get();
            while(!cin.good())
            {
                cin.clear();
                cin.sync();
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].escore;
                cin.get();
            }
            while(s[i].escore>100 || s[i].escore<0)
            {
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].escore;
                cin.get();
                while(!cin.good())
                {
                    cin.clear();
                    cin.sync();
                    cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                    cin>>s[i].escore;
                    cin.get();
                }
            }
            cout<<"请输入学生的数学成绩:";
            cin>>s[i].mscore;
            cin.get();
            while(!cin.good())
            {
                cin.clear();
                cin.sync();
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].mscore;
                cin.get();
            }
            while(s[i].mscore>100 || s[i].mscore<0)
            {
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].mscore;
                cin.get();
                while(!cin.good())
                {
                    cin.clear();
                    cin.sync();
                    cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                    cin>>s[i].mscore;
                    cin.get();
                }
            }
            cout<<"请输入学生的c++成绩:";
            cin>>s[i].cscore;
            cin.get();
            while(!cin.good())
            {
                cin.clear();
                cin.sync();
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].cscore;
                cin.get();
            }
            while(s[i].cscore>100 || s[i].cscore<0)
            {
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].cscore;
                cin.get();
                while(!cin.good())
                {
                    cin.clear();
                    cin.sync();
                    cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                    cin>>s[i].cscore;
                    cin.get();
                }
            }
            s[i].sum = s[i].escore + s[i].mscore + s[i].cscore;
            for(int x=0; x<stu_num; x++)
            {
                ff<<s[x].name<<"\t"<<s[x].num<<"\t"<<s[x].escore<<"\t"<<s[x].mscore<<"\t"<<s[x].cscore<<"\t"<<s[x].sum;
                cout<<endl;
            }
            ff.close();
        }
    }
    if(u==0)
    {
        cout<<"查无此人！请重新输入：";
        cin>>name1;
        cin.get();
    }

}
if(sf=='2')
{
    string id1;
    cout<<"请输入你须要更新的学生的学号:";
    cin>>id1;
    while(!cin.good())
    {
        cin.clear();
        cin.sync();
        cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
        cin>>id1;
        cin.get();
    }
    fstream fg("f1.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);
    if(!fg)
    {
        cout<<"文件打开失败！"<<endl;
        abort();
    }
    fg.seekg(0,ios::beg);
    int i;
    int v=0;
    for(i=0; i<stu_num; i++)
    {
        if(id1 == s[i].num)
        {
            v++;

            cout<<"改动前学生的信息:"<<endl;
            cout<<s[i].name<<" "<<s[i].num<<"  "<<s[i].escore<<" "<<s[i].mscore<<" "
                <<s[i].cscore<<" "<<s[i].sum<<endl<<endl;

            cout<<"请输入学生的姓名:";
            cin>>s[i].name;
            cin.get();
            while(!cin.good())
            {
                cin.clear();
                cin.sync();
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].name;
                cin.get();
            }
            cout<<"请输入学生的英语成绩:";
            cin>>s[i].escore;
            cin.get();
            while(!cin.good())
            {
                cin.clear();
                cin.sync();
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].escore;
                cin.get();
            }
            while(s[i].escore>100 || s[i].escore<0)
            {
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].escore;
                cin.get();
                while(!cin.good())
                {
                    cin.clear();
                    cin.sync();
                    cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                    cin>>s[i].escore;
                    cin.get();
                }
            }
            cout<<"请输入学生的数学成绩:";
            cin>>s[i].mscore;
            cin.get();
            while(!cin.good())
            {
                cin.clear();
                cin.sync();
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].mscore;
                cin.get();
            }
            while(s[i].mscore>100 || s[i].mscore<0)
            {
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].mscore;
                cin.get();
                while(!cin.good())
                {
                    cin.clear();
                    cin.sync();
                    cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                    cin>>s[i].mscore;
                    cin.get();
                }
            }
            cout<<"请输入学生的c++成绩:";
            cin>>s[i].cscore;
            cin.get();
            while(!cin.good())
            {
                cin.clear();
                cin.sync();
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].cscore;
                cin.get();
            }
            while(s[i].cscore>100 || s[i].cscore<0)
            {
                cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                cin>>s[i].cscore;
                cin.get();
                while(!cin.good())
                {
                    cin.clear();
                    cin.sync();
                    cout<<"输入有误！请重新输入：";
                    cin>>s[i].cscore;
                    cin.get();
                }
            }
            s[i].sum = s[i].escore + s[i].mscore + s[i].cscore;
            for(int y=0; y<stu_num; y++)
            {
                fg<<s[y].name<<"\t"<<s[y].num<<"\t"<<s[y].escore<<"\t"<<s[y].mscore<<"\t"<<s[y].cscore<<"\t"<<s[y].sum;
                cout<<endl;
            }
            fg.close();
        }
    }
    if(v==0)
    {
        cout<<"查无此人！请重新输入：";
        cin>>id1;
        cin.get();
    }

}
}
void student::sort()//对学生排序
{
//提供插入数组中的数据
cout<<"***************************"<<endl;
cout<<"***********1.英语**********"<<endl;
cout<<"***********2.数学**********"<<endl;
cout<<"***********3.c++***********"<<endl;
cout<<"***********4.总分**********"<<endl;
cout<<"***********5.学号**********"<<endl;
cout<<"***************************"<<endl;
char sel='a';
cout<<"请输入你的选择：";
cin>>sel;
if(sel == '1')
{
    for(int i=1; i<stu_num; i++)
    {
        int j = i-1;

        //插入数组中的数据
        student temp = s[i];

        while(temp.escore > s[j].escore && j>=0)
        {
            s[j+1]  = s[j];

            j--;
        }

        s[++j] = temp;
    }
}


else if(sel == '2')
{
    //提供插入数组中的数据
    for(int i=1; i<stu_num; i++)
    {
        int j = i-1;

        //插入数组中的数据
        student temp = s[i];

        while(temp.mscore > s[j].mscore && j>=0)
        {
            s[j+1]  = s[j];

            j--;
        }

        s[++j] = temp;
    }
}

else if(sel == '3')
{
    //提供插入数组中的数据
    for(int i=1; i<stu_num; i++)
    {
        int j = i-1;

        //插入数组中的数据
        student temp = s[i];

        while(temp.cscore > s[j].cscore && j>=0)
        {
            s[j+1]  = s[j];

            j--;
        }

        s[++j] = temp;
    }
}

else if(sel == '4')//对学生的总分排序
{
    //提供插入数组中的数据
    for(int i=1; i<stu_num; i++)
    {
        int j = i-1;

        //插入数组中的数据
        student temp = s[i];

        while(temp.sum  > s[j].sum && j>=0)
        {
            s[j+1]  = s[j];

            j--;
        }

        s[++j] = temp;
    }
}

else if(sel == '5')
{
    for(int i=1; i<stu_num; i++)
    {
        int j = i-1;

        //插入数组中的数据
        student temp = s[i];

        while(temp.num  > s[j].num && j>=0)
        {
            s[j+1]  = s[j];

            j--;
        }

        s[++j] = temp;
    }

}
}