LVM基础操作实验文档

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一、虚拟机的规格

二、查看空闲的硬盘

可以看出sda以作为系统盘，sdb和sdc为连块未被使用的硬盘。

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk 
NAME             MAJ:MIN   RM   SIZE   RO   TYPE   MOUNTPOINT 
sda               8:0      0    20G    0    disk 
├─sda1            8:1      0    1G     0    part   /boot 
└─sda2            8:2      0    19G    0    part 
	├─centos-root 253:0    0    17G    0    lvm    / 
	└─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G     0    lvm    [SWAP] 
sdb               8:16     0    10G    0    disk 
sdc               8:32     0    10G    0    disk 
sr0               11:0     1    4.5G   0    rom

二、将空闲的硬盘创建为PV

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb /dev/sdc 
WARNING: dos signature detected on /dev/sdb at offset 510. Wipe it? [y/n]: y 
	Wiping dos signature on /dev/sdb. 
	Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created. 
	Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created.

三、查看该系统内有多少个PV

[root@localhost ~]# pvscan 
	PV /dev/sda2    VG centos         lvm2 [<19.00 GiB / 0      free] 
	PV /dev/sdc                       lvm2 [10.00 GiB] 
	PV /dev/sdb                       lvm2 [10.00 GiB] 
	Total: 3 [<39.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [<19.00 GiB] / in no VG: 2 [20.00 GiB]

四、查看某个PV的详细信息

由回显可知，sdb和sdc两个PV并未加入某个VG，也未进行PE切割。

[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay /dev/sdb 
"/dev/sdb" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume --- 
PV Name               /dev/sdb 
VG Name
PV Size               10.00 GiB 
Allocatable           NO 
PE Size               0 
Total PE              0 
Free PE               0 
Allocated PE          0 
PV UUID               NrDS3C-uF4x-pN8V-U0M0-uoEK-RLOo-Vi3nh6

[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay /dev/sdc 
"/dev/sdc" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB" 
--- NEW Physical volume --- 
PV Name              /dev/sdc 
VG Name 
PV Size              10.00 GiB 
Allocatable          NO 
PE Size              0 
Total PE             0 
Free PE              0 
Allocated PE         0 
PV UUID              lkkzoG-eHlb-cLNd-2DDA-YWhC-tnPU-9LIk8J

五、创建一个新的VG

• 20M为PE的大小
• testvg为VG的名称
• /dev/sdb和/dev/sdc为加入该VG的PV

[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate -s 20M testvg /dev/sdb /dev/sdc 
	Volume group "testvg" successfully created

六、查看该系统内有多少VG

[root@localhost ~]# vgscan 
	Reading volume groups from cache. 
	Found volume group "centos" using metadata type lvm2 
	Found volume group "testvg" using metadata type lvm2

七、查看某个VG的详细信息

由回显可知：

• 该VG有两块PV
• VG大小为19.96G（有一部分作为元数据区域了）
• PE的大小为20M
• PE的总数为1022个
• PE的空闲数目为1022个

[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay testvg 
--- Volume group --- 
VG Name                testvg 
System ID 
Format                 lvm2 
Metadata Areas         2 
Metadata Sequence No   1 
VG Access              read/write
VG Status              resizable 
MAX LV                 0 
Cur LV                 0 
Open LV                0 
Max PV                 0 
Cur PV                 2 
Act PV                 2 
VG Size                19.96 GiB 
PE Size                20.00 MiB 
Total PE               1022 
Alloc PE / Size        0 / 0 
Free PE / Size         1022 / 19.96 GiB 
VG UUID                eE5q34-dzlS-ZF2a-Rkri-udE4-jS2a-9cWSuQ

八、激活VG

[root@localhost ~]# vgchange -a y testvg 
	0 logical volume(s) in volume group "testvg" now active

九、从VG里创建一个LV

• 200M 为LV大小
• lvtest1为LV名称
• testvg为VG名称

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 200M -n lvtest1 testvg 
WARNING: ext4 signature detected on /dev/testvg/lvtest1 at offset 1080. Wipe it? [y/n]: y 
	Wiping ext4 signature on /dev/testvg/lvtest1. 
	Logical volume "lvtest1" created.

十、查看系统所有LV的信息

[root@localhost ~]# lvscan 
ACTIVE              '/dev/centos/swap' [2.00 GiB] inherit 
ACTIVE              '/dev/centos/root' [<17.00 GiB] inherit 
ACTIVE              '/dev/testvg/lvtest1' [200.00 MiB] inherit

十一、查看某个个LV的详细信息

由回显可知：

• 该LV属于testvg组
• 该LV的状态为 available（可用）
• 该LV的大小为200M
• 该LV拥有10个LE

[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay /dev/testvg/lvtest1 
--- Logical volume --- 
LV Path                    /dev/testvg/lvtest1 
LV Name                    lvtest1 
VG Name                    testvg 
LV UUID                    c5XFFz-GUH9-Yfzy-vBF2-T4ii-05S0-nbxYS3 
LV Write Access            read/write 
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2020-10-21 05:41:05 -0400
LV Status                  available 
# open                     0
LV Size                    200.00 MiB 
Current LE                 10 
Segments                   1 
Allocation                 inherit 
Read ahead sectors         auto 
- currently set to         8192 
- Block device             253:2

十二、将LV格式化

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 -b 4k /dev/testvg/lvtest1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
51200 inodes, 51200 blocks
2560 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=52428800
2 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
25600 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
	32768

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

十三、将格式化的LV进行挂载

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/testvg/lvtest1 /mnt

十四、查看挂载情况及LV卷的空间大小

[root@localhost mnt]# lsblk 
NAME                       MAJ:MIN   RM   SIZE   RO   TYPE   MOUNTPOINT 
sda                         8:0      0    20G    0    disk 
├─sda1                      8:1      0    1G     0    part   /boot 
└─sda2                      8:2      0    19G    0    part 
	├─centos-root          253:0     0    17G    0    lvm    / 
	└─centos-swap          253:1     0    2G     0    lvm    [SWAP] 
sdb                         8:16     0    10G    0    disk 
└─testvg-lvtest1           253:2     0    200M   0    lvm    /mnt 
sdc                         8:32     0    10G    0    disk 
sr0                         11:0     1    4.5G   0    rom

十五、查看LVM卷在文件系统下的空间大小

[root@localhost mnt]# df -hT /mnt 
Filesystem                    Type   Size   Used   Avail   Use%   Mounted on 
/dev/mapper/testvg-lvtest1    ext4   178M   224K   164M    1%     /mnt

十六、扩张LV大小

[root@localhost mnt]# lvextend -L +100M /dev/testvg/lvtest1 
	Size of logical volume testvg/lvtest1 changed from 200.00 MiB (10 extents) to 300.00 MiB (15 extents). 
	Logical volume testvg/lvtest1 successfully resized.

十七、查看LVM卷在文件系统下的空间大小

[root@localhost mnt]# lsblk 
NAME                      MAJ:MIN   RM   SIZE   RO   TYPE   MOUNTPOINT 
sda                        8:0      0    20G    0    disk 
├─sda1                     8:1      0    1G     0    part   /boot 
└─sda2                     8:2      0    19G    0    part 
	├─centos-root          253:0    0    17G    0    lvm    / 
	└─centos-swap          253:1    0    2G     0    lvm    [SWAP] 
sdb                        8:16     0    10G    0    disk 
└─testvg-lvtest1           253:2    0    300M   0    lvm    /mnt 
sdc                        8:32     0    10G    0    disk 
sr0                        11:0     1    4.5G   0    rom

十八、查看LVM卷文件系统下的空间大小

[root@localhost mnt]# df -hT /mnt 
Filesystem                      Type   Size   Used   Avail   Use%   Mounted on 
/dev/mapper/testvg-lvtest1      ext4   178M   224K   164M    1%     /mnt

十九、扩张LVM卷文件系统大小

[root@localhost mnt]# resize2fs /dev/testvg/lvtest1 
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) 
Filesystem at /dev/testvg/lvtest1 is mounted on /mnt; on-line resizing required old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1 
The filesystem on /dev/testvg/lvtest1 is now 76800 blocks long.

二十、再次查看文件系统下的空间大小

[root@localhost mnt]# df -hT /mnt 
Filesystem                      Type   Size   Used   Avail   Use%   Mounted on 
/dev/mapper/testvg-lvtest1      ext4   275M   224K   260M    1%     /mnt