SpringCloud Feign负载均衡 配置与使用

 **Feign是在Ribbon的基础上进行了一次改进,采用接口方式,将需要调用的其他服务的方法抽象,cloud会动态代理成类,进行调用.使用时直接加上@FeignClient注解,类似于@Mapper**

Feign服务客户端POM

<dependencies>
		<!--web模块开发依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--健康监控-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
       <!--feign依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

application.yml

server:
port: 800

spring:
application:
name: micoreservicecloud-feign800
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:7001/eureka,http://127.0.0.1:7002/eureka
instance:
instance-id: micoreservicecloud-feign800
prefer-ip-address: true

配置ribbon

server:
  port: 800

spring:
  application:
    name: micoreservicecloud-feign800
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:7001/eureka,http://127.0.0.1:7002/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: micoreservicecloud-feign800
    prefer-ip-address: true

MICORESERVICECLOUD-DEPT:
  ribbon:
    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule #配置规则 随机
    #    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule #配置规则 轮询
    #    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RetryRule #配置规则 重试
    #    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.WeightedResponseTimeRule #配置规则 响应时间权重
    #    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.BestAvailableRule #配置规则 最空闲连接策略
    ConnectTimeout: 500 #请求连接超时时间
    ReadTimeout: 1000 #请求处理的超时时间
    OkToRetryOnAllOperations: true #对所有请求都进行重试
    MaxAutoRetriesNextServer: 2 #切换实例的重试次数
    MaxAutoRetries: 1 #对当前实例的重试次数

创建接口

@FeignClient(name = "MICORESERVICECLOUD-DEPT") //服务提供端在Eureka中注册的名称
public interface FiegnInterface {

    @RequestMapping("/provider/test")
    String test();
}

启动类添加注解

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients(basePackages = "com.api") //扫描接口包
public class ConsumerFeignApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerFeignApp.class);
    }
}

注册三个服务提供者
这里只写application.yml

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application: 
      name: micoreservicecloud-dept //在Eureka注册的名称 三台服务提供者必须一样

  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xiaowu
    username: root
    password: root
    dbcp2:
      min-idle: 5
      initial-size: 5
      max-total: 5
      max-wait-millis: 200
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:7001/eureka,http://127.0.0.1:7002/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: micoreservicecloud-dept8001 //实例名称 各自服务必须不一样
    prefer-ip-address: true #访问路径可以显示IP地址
info:
  app.name: micoreservicecloud-dept8001
  company.name: www.microservicecloud.com
  build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
  build.version: $project.version$

然后在yaml配置中自定义适合的注解 进行测试

(restTemplate+ribbon)和feign负载均衡区别

ribbon是一个基于HTTP和TCP客户端的负载均衡工具,在客户端配置Ribbon服务列表,使用HttpClient或RestTemplate模拟http请求,步骤相当繁琐

Feign是在Ribbon的基础上进行了一次改进,采用接口方式,将需要调用的其他服务的方法抽象,cloud会动态代理成类,进行调用.使用时直接加上@FeignClient注解,类似于@Mapper