查看inux操作系统环境

一、查看cpu信息

1、所有信息 lscpu

[root@localhost ~]# lscpu   
Architecture:          x86_64  ##cpu架构
CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                2   ##总共有8核
On-line CPU(s) list:   0,1
Thread(s) per core:    1  ##每个CPU支持的线程数
Core(s) per socket:    1  ##每个CPU的核数
Socket(s):             2   ##共有几个cpu
NUMA node(s):          1
Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel
CPU family:            6
Model:                 140
Model name:            11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-1165G7 @ 2.80GHz
Stepping:              1
CPU MHz:               2803.203
BogoMIPS:              5606.40
Hypervisor vendor:     VMware
Virtualization type:   full
L1d cache:             48K
L1i cache:             32K
L2 cache:              1280K
L3 cache:              12288K
NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0,1

2.查看内存配置信息：

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name | cut -f2 -d: | uniq -c
      2  11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-1165G7 @ 2.80GHz

3.查看逻辑cpu：

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep "processor"|sort -u|wc -l
2

4…查看物理cpu：

[root@localhost ~]# grep "physical id" /proc/cpuinfo|sort -u|wc -l
2

5…查看每个物理cpu的内核数：

[root@localhost ~]# grep "cpu cores" /proc/cpuinfo|uniq
cpu cores       : 1

6.每个物理CPU上逻辑CPU个数：

[root@localhost ~]# grep "siblings" /proc/cpuinfo|uniq
siblings        : 1

7.判断是否开启了抄超线程：
如果多个逻辑CPU的"physical id"和"core id"均相同，说明开启了超线程
或者换句话说
逻辑CPU个数 > 物理CPU个数 * CPU内核数 开启了超线程
逻辑CPU个数 = 物理CPU个数 * CPU内核数 没有开启超线程

二、查看内存：

1. free -m/free -h

[root@localhost ~]# free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           1819         936         110          27         772         705
Swap:          2048           0        2048
[root@localhost ~]# free -h
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           1.8G        936M        110M         27M        772M        705M
Swap:          2.0G          0B        2.0G

2.查看内存详细信息：

[root@localhost ~]#  cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:        1863028 kB
MemFree:           98728 kB
MemAvailable:     707964 kB
Buffers:              88 kB
Cached:           746408 kB
SwapCached:            0 kB
Active:          1046584 kB
Inactive:         406632 kB
Active(anon):     676952 kB
Inactive(anon):    58260 kB
Active(file):     369632 kB
Inactive(file):   348372 kB
Unevictable:           0 kB
Mlocked:               0 kB
SwapTotal:       2098172 kB
SwapFree:        2098172 kB
Dirty:                 0 kB
Writeback:             0 kB
AnonPages:        706804 kB
Mapped:           161072 kB
Shmem:             28492 kB
Slab:             108196 kB
SReclaimable:      44636 kB
SUnreclaim:        63560 kB
KernelStack:        9856 kB
PageTables:        38000 kB
NFS_Unstable:          0 kB
Bounce:                0 kB
WritebackTmp:          0 kB
CommitLimit:     3029684 kB
Committed_AS:    4204640 kB
VmallocTotal:   34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed:      213128 kB
VmallocChunk:   34359277564 kB
Percpu:            55296 kB
HardwareCorrupted:     0 kB
AnonHugePages:    208896 kB
CmaTotal:              0 kB
CmaFree:               0 kB
HugePages_Total:       0
HugePages_Free:        0
HugePages_Rsvd:        0
HugePages_Surp:        0
Hugepagesize:       2048 kB
DirectMap4k:      114560 kB
DirectMap2M:     1982464 kB
DirectMap1G:           0 kB

三、查看磁盘：
1.查看磁盘大小：

[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs        895M     0  895M   0% /dev
tmpfs           910M     0  910M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           910M   11M  900M   2% /run
tmpfs           910M     0  910M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda3        28G  4.4G   24G  16% /
/dev/sda1       297M  163M  134M  55% /boot
tmpfs           182M  8.0K  182M   1% /run/user/42
tmpfs           182M     0  182M   0% /run/user/0

2.查看磁盘挂载情况：

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk -f
NAME   FSTYPE LABEL UUID                                 MOUNTPOINT
sda
├─sda1 xfs          b03273da-ba2a-4871-8ae2-29a43a986a71 /boot
├─sda2 swap         5da90dd7-6cdf-406b-bd24-3c7b4a54269a [SWAP]
└─sda3 xfs          4e25f65e-d974-49a1-a07e-cdd5c53b3be6 /
sr0
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0   30G  0 disk
├─sda1   8:1    0  300M  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0    2G  0 part [SWAP]
└─sda3   8:3    0 27.7G  0 part /
sr0     11:0    1 1024M  0 rom

3.查询指定目录的磁盘占用情况

--查看dm8目录下各个文件使用情况
[root@DM dm8]# du -h /dm8/
---查看dm8文件的总大小
[root@DM dm8]# du -s /dm8/
13900328        /dm8/

四、磁盘调度：
1)查看当前系统的I/O调度方法，看[]选择的

[root@localhost ~]#  cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
noop [deadline] cfq

2)临地更改I/O调度方法:
例如:想更改到noop电梯调度算法:

--首先查看需要更改的磁盘是在哪
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000a03f6

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      616447      307200   83  Linux
/dev/sda2          616448     4812799     2098176   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3         4812800    62914559    29050880   83  Linux
[root@localhost ~]# echo noop > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
[root@localhost ~]#  cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
[noop] deadline cfq

3)想永久的更改I/O调度方法，重启之后生效:

[root@localhost ~]# grubby --update-kernel=ALL --args="elevator=deadline"

重启之后,查看调度方法:

[root@localhost ~]# cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
noop [deadline] cfq

五、查看操作系统版本：

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/version
Linux version 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 (mockbuild@kbuilder.bsys.centos.org) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Mon Oct 19 16:18:59 UTC 2020

查看当前操作系统内核信息：

[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Oct 19 16:18:59 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

查看操作系统发行信息：

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

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