进程间通信之消息队列实现例程

例程代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <time.h>

#define MSGFILE "./msgkey"	//当前键值获取路径

struct msgbuf
{
  long mtype; 			/* message type, must be > 0 */
  char msgbuff[1024]; 	/* 存储发送消息buff */
}msg;


int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
  int msgid = 0;
  time_t tm;
  int nCount = 0;
 
  //键值为自动获取  
  key_t key;
  key = ftok(MSGFILE,10);
  printf("key:[%d].\n",key);
  
  //创建队列并给出权限0666
  msgid = msgget(key,IPC_CREAT | 0666);
  if(msgid == -1)
  {
    perror("msgget");
  }
  
  //打印进程ID及消息队列ID
  printf("pid:[%d]----msiid:[%d].\n",getpid(),msgid);

  //循环发送或接收消息
  while(1)
  {
    if(strncmp(argv[1],"recv",4) == 0) 
    {
      //接收
      if(msgrcv(msgid,&msg,1024,123,0) == -1)
      {
        perror("msgrcv");
      }
      printf("receive msg.mtype is:%ld, msg.msgbuff is: %s",msg.mtype, msg.msgbuff);
    }

	//发送
    if(strncmp(argv[1],"send",4) == 0)
    {
      msg.mtype = 123;
      time(&tm);
      sprintf(msg.msgbuff,"CurTime[%d] : %s",nCount,ctime(&tm));
      if(msgsnd(msgid,&msg,sizeof(msg.msgbuff),0) == -1)
      {
        perror("msgsnd");
      }
      printf("%s",msg.msgbuff);
    }
    
    nCount++;

    sleep(1);
  }

  return 0;
}

效果如下：