android学习记录(十一)

通知的基本用法

package com.example.notificationtest

import android.app.NotificationChannel
import android.app.NotificationManager
import android.content.Context
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory
import android.os.Build
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        val manager=getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager//获得一个NotificationManager实例,用这个实例添加渠道和消息
        if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=Build.VERSION_CODES.O){
            val channel=NotificationChannel("normal","Normal",NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT)
            manager.createNotificationChannel(channel)
        }//第一次执行代码时会构造渠道.
        sendNotice.setOnClickListener {
            val notification=NotificationCompat.Builder(this,"normal")
                .setContentTitle("This is content title")
                .setContentText("This is content text")
                .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.small_icon)
                .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources,R.drawable.large_icon))
                .build()
            manager.notify(1,notification)
        }//当点击按钮后会生成消息,并且通知.
    }
}

上面的通知并不能点进去,因此改进一下,添加一个响应的Activity,并修改上述代码

package com.example.notificationtest

import android.app.NotificationChannel
import android.app.NotificationManager
import android.app.PendingIntent
import android.content.Context
import android.content.Intent
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory
import android.os.Build
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        val manager=getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager//获得一个NotificationManager实例,用这个实例添加渠道和消息

        if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=Build.VERSION_CODES.O){
            val channel=NotificationChannel("normal","Normal",NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT)
            manager.createNotificationChannel(channel)
        }//第一次执行代码时会构造渠道.
        sendNotice.setOnClickListener {
            val intent=Intent(this,NotificationActivity::class.java)
            val pi=PendingIntent.getActivity(this,0,intent,0)
            val notification=NotificationCompat.Builder(this,"normal")
                .setContentTitle("This is content title")
                .setContentText("This is content text")
                .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.small_icon)
                .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources,R.drawable.large_icon))
                .setContentIntent(pi)
                .setAutoCancel(true)
                .build()
            manager.notify(1,notification)
        }//当点击按钮后会生成消息,并且通知.
    }
}

通知中显示长文本

在消息构建的代码处加上

.setAutoCancel(true).setStyle(NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle().bigText("Learn how to build notifications, send and sync data, and use " +
                        "voice actions. Get the official Android IDE and developer tools to build apps for Androids."))

通知中显示大图片

.setStyle(NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle().bigPicture(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources,R.drawable.big_image)))

设置成初始为高等级的通知

添加一个消息渠道

 val channel2=NotificationChannel("important","Important",NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH)
            manager.createNotificationChannel(channel2)

可以发现将这个渠道设置为了高等级
然后将消息的渠道id修改成这个渠道的id

val notification=NotificationCompat.Builder(this,"important")

调用摄像头

package com.example.cameraalbumtest

import android.app.Activity
import android.content.Intent
import android.graphics.Bitmap
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory
import android.graphics.Matrix
import android.media.ExifInterface
import android.net.Uri
import android.os.Build
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.provider.MediaStore
import androidx.core.content.FileProvider
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*
import java.io.File

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    val takePhoto=1
    lateinit var imageUri: Uri
    lateinit var outputImage: File
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        takePhotoBtn.setOnClickListener {
            outputImage= File(externalCacheDir,"output_image.jpg")//这里创建了一个名为output_image.jpg的文件并返回了一个引用
            if(outputImage.exists()){
                outputImage.delete()
            }//如果之前文件存在内容就清空
            outputImage.createNewFile()
            imageUri=if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=Build.VERSION_CODES.N){
                FileProvider.getUriForFile(this,"com.example.cameraalbumtest.fileprovider",outputImage)//第二个参数要和AndroidManifest中的一样
            }else{
                Uri.fromFile(outputImage)
            }//通过版本将File对象转成Uri对象
            val intent=Intent("android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE")//隐式调用摄像头的Activity
            intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT,imageUri)//将得到的result放在imageUri中
            startActivityForResult(intent,takePhoto)//通过这样startActivity会返回一个result
        }//点击take photo后触发
    }

    /**
     * 重写onActivityResult处理intent传回来的result
     */
    override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
        when(requestCode){
            takePhoto -> {
                if(resultCode== Activity.RESULT_OK){
                    val bitmap=BitmapFactory.decodeStream(contentResolver.openInputStream(imageUri))//取出result解码成bitmap
                    imageView.setImageBitmap(rotateIfRequired(bitmap))
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 检测图片是否旋转了,然后进行调整
     */
    private fun rotateIfRequired(bitmap: Bitmap): Bitmap{
        val exif=ExifInterface(outputImage.path)
        val orientation=exif.getAttributeInt(ExifInterface.TAG_ORIENTATION,ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_NORMAL)//检测偏移了多少度
        return  when(orientation){
            ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_90 -> rotateBitmap(bitmap,90)
            ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_180-> rotateBitmap(bitmap,180)
            ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_270-> rotateBitmap(bitmap,270)
            else -> bitmap
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param bitmap: 传入的图片
     * @param degree: 旋转的度数
     * @return: 旋转后的图片
     */
    private  fun rotateBitmap(bitmap: Bitmap, degree: Int): Bitmap{
        val matrix=Matrix()
        matrix.postRotate(degree.toFloat())
        val rotatedBitmap=Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap,0,0,bitmap.width,bitmap.height,matrix,true)
        bitmap.recycle()
        return rotatedBitmap
    }
}

在AndroidManifest.xml中添加provider

        <provider
            android:authorities="com.example.cameraalbumtest.fileprovider"
            android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_paths"/>
        </provider>

res→xml→file_paths.xml(路径设为’/'将整个SD卡进行共享

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <external-path
        name="my_images"
        path="/"/>
</paths>

从相册中选择图片

添加一个触发按钮

      fromAlbumBtn.setOnClickListener {

            val intent=Intent(Intent.ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT)
            intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE)
            intent.type="image/*"
            startActivityForResult(intent,fromAlbum)
        }

添加结果处理.

          fromAlbum->{
                if(resultCode==Activity.RESULT_OK&&data!=null){
                    data.data?.let {
                        uri->
                        val bitmap=getBitmapFromUri(uri)
                        imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap)
                    }
                }

            }

新增一个方法

    private fun getBitmapFromUri(uri: Uri)=contentResolver.openFileDescriptor(uri,"r")?.use{
        BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(it.fileDescriptor)
    }