NIO学习(一)----Buffer
NIO学习(二)----Channel
NIO学习(三)----Selector
NIO学习(四)----DatagramChannel和管道(pipe)
阻塞与非阻塞
1.传统IO流都是阻塞式的,也就是说,当一个线程调用read()或write()时,该线程被阻塞,直到有一些数据被读取或写入,该线程在此期间不会执行其他任务。因此,在完成网络通信进行IO操作时,由于线程会阻塞,所以服务器端必须为每个客户端都提供一个独立的线程进行处理,当服务器端需要处理大量客户端时,性能急剧下降。
2.Java Nio是非阻塞模式的,当线程从某通道进行读写数据时,诺没有数据可以用时,该线程可以进行其他任务,线程通常将非阻塞IO的空闲时间用于在其他通道上执行IO操作,所以单独的线程可以管理多个输入和输出通道。因此,NIO可以让服务器端使用一个或有限几个线程来同时处理连接到服务器端的所有客户端。
阻塞式IO
非阻塞式NIO
BlockingNIO
package com.wxl.nio;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
/*
* 一、使用NIO完成网络通信的三个核心
*
* 1.通道(Channel):负责连接
*
* java.nio.channels.Channel 接口:
* |--SelectableChannel
* |--SocketChannel tcp
* |--ServerSocketChannel ` tcp
* |--DatagramChannel udp
*
* |--Pipe.SinkChannel
* |--Pipe.SourceChannel
*
* 2.缓冲区(Buffer):负责数据的存储
*
* 3.选择器(Selector):是SelectableChannel的多路复用器。用于监控SelectableChannel的IO状况
* */
public class TestBlockingNIO {
//客户端
@Test
public void client(){
try {
//1.获取通道
SocketChannel sChannel = SocketChannel.open(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 8099));
FileChannel inChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("1.png"), StandardOpenOption.READ);
//2.分配指定大小的缓冲区
ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
//3.读取本地文件,并发送到服务端
while(inChannel.read(buf)!= -1){
buf.flip();
sChannel.write(buf);
buf.clear();
}
//4.关闭通道
sChannel.close();
inChannel.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//服务端
@Test
public void server(){
try {
//1.获取通道
ServerSocketChannel sSChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
FileChannel outChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("7.png"), StandardOpenOption.READ, StandardOpenOption.WRITE, StandardOpenOption.CREATE);
//2.绑定连接
sSChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8099));
//3.获取客户端连接的通道
SocketChannel sChannel = sSChannel.accept();
//4.分配指定大小的缓冲区
ByteBuffer bbf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
//5.接受客户端的数量,并保存到本地
while (sChannel.read(bbf)!=-1){
bbf.flip();
outChannel.write(bbf);
bbf.clear();
}
//6.关闭通道
sSChannel.close();
sChannel.close();
outChannel.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
BlockingNIO2
package com.wxl.nio;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
public class TestBlockingNIO2 {
//客户端
@Test
public void Client(){
try {
SocketChannel sChannel = SocketChannel.open(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 8099));
FileChannel inChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("1.png"), StandardOpenOption.READ);
ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
while (sChannel.read(buf)!=-1){
buf.flip();
inChannel.write(buf);
buf.clear();
}
sChannel.shutdownOutput();
//接收服务器反馈
int len = 0;
while((len = sChannel.read(buf)) != -1 ){
buf.flip();
System.out.println(new String(buf.array(),0,len));
buf.clear();
}
inChannel.close();
sChannel.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//服务端
@Test
public void Server(){
try {
ServerSocketChannel sSChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
FileChannel outChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("10.png"), StandardOpenOption.WRITE, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.READ);
sSChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8099));
SocketChannel sChannel = sSChannel.accept();
ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
while (sChannel.read(buf)!=-1){
buf.flip();
outChannel.write(buf);
buf.clear();
}
//发送反馈给客户端
buf.put("服务端接受数据成功".getBytes());
buf.flip();
sChannel.write(buf);
sChannel.close();
sSChannel.close();
outChannel.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}