新建实体类com.briup.bean.Student
public class Student {
private long id;
private String name;
private int age;
//集合
private List list;
private Set set;
private Map map;
private Properties prop;
public Student(long id, String name, int age) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
System.out.println("有参构造器");
}
public Student() {
System.out.println("in Student()");
}
public void init(){
System.out.println("in init() of Student");
}
public void end(){
System.out.println("in end() of Student");
}
public void show(){
System.out.println("--------------list------------");
for(Object o:list){
System.out.println(o);
}
System.out.println("--------------set------------");
for(Object o:set){
System.out.println(o);
}
System.out.println("--------------map------------");
for(Object key:map.keySet()){
System.out.println(key+" --> "+map.get(key));
}
System.out.println("--------------prop------------");
for(Object key :prop.keySet()){
System.out.println(key+" --> "+prop.get(key));
}
}
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public List getList() {
return list;
}
public void setList(List list) {
this.list = list;
}
public Set getSet() {
return set;
}
public void setSet(Set set) {
this.set = set;
}
public Map getMap() {
return map;
}
public void setMap(Map map) {
this.map = map;
}
public Properties getProp() {
return prop;
}
public void setProp(Properties prop) {
this.prop = prop;
}
}
1.set注入
是通过走无参构造器,通过setXxx()方法去注入
set.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--写法一-->
<bean name="stu1" class="com.briup.bean.Student">
<property name="id" value="1"></property>
<property name="name" value="tom"></property>
<property name="age" value="20"></property>
</bean>
<!--写法二-->
<bean name="stu2" class="com.briup.bean.Student">
<property name="id">
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property name="name">
<value>jack</value>
</property>
<property name="age">
<value>20</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
在测试类中,用junit测试
@Test
public void ioc_set() {
try {
String[] path = {"com/briup/ioc/set/set.xml"};
ApplicationContext container = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(path);//加载xml文件
Student stu=(Student) container.getBean("stu1");//与bean标签中的name值相同
//Student stu=(Student) container.getBean("stu2");
System.out.println(stu);
System.out.println(stu.getId());
System.out.println(stu.getName());
System.out.println(stu.getAge());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
结果:
知识点1:测试默认是单例模式还是非单例模式
spring是如何管理我们配置的对象?
默认情况下,spring通过单例模式管理对象,通过相同一个对象名字,多次在容器中拿对象,每一次拿到的都是相同的对象
通过配置,可以让spring使用非单例模式管理对象
通过相同一个对象名字多次在容器中拿对象,每一次拿到的都是不同的对象(非单例)
在bean标签里面加入属性**scope="prototype"**
@Test
public void ioc_set() {
try {
String[] path = {"com/briup/ioc/set/set.xml"};
ApplicationContext container = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(path);
//验证单例模式和非单例模式
//构造器只走了一次,地址相同,默认是单例模式
System.out.println(container.getBean("stu1"));
System.out.println(container.getBean("stu1"));
System.out.println(container.getBean("stu1"));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
结果:
默认情况下,走了一次无参构造,地址相同,默认是单例模式
<bean name="stu2" class="com.briup.bean.Student" scope="prototype">
<property name="id">
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property name="name">
<value>jack</value>
</property>
<property name="age">
<value>20</value>
</property>
</bean>
@Test
public void ioc_set() {
try {
String[] path = {"com/briup/ioc/set/set.xml"};
ApplicationContext container = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(path);
//验证单例模式和非单例模式
//构造器只走了一次,地址相同,默认是单例模式
System.out.println(container.getBean("stu2"));
System.out.println(container.getBean("stu2"));
System.out.println(container.getBean("stu2"));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
地址不一样,走了三次无参构造
知识点2:property标签中对于value和ref的用法
<bean name="stu" class="com.briup.bean.Student">
<property name="name" value="tom"></property>
<property name="student" ref="stu1"></property>
</bean>
bean中的name属性是随便起的,class属性值的值表示要配置的哪一个类的对象
property中的name属性表示一个方法,表示setStudent, setName
value属性代表基本类型,可以直接赋值,部分还可以相互转换
ref属性表示调用setStudent()这个方法要传进去的对象的变量名
新建实体类com.briup.bean.Teacher
public class Teacher {
private long id;
private String name;
private Student student;//调用Student类
public Teacher() {}
public Teacher(Student student) {
this.student = student;
}
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Student getStudent() {
return student;
}
public void setStudent(Student student) {
this.student = student;
}
}
<bean name="stu" class="com.briup.bean.Student">
<property name="id">
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property name="name">
<value>jack</value>
</property>
<property name="age">
<value>20</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean name="teacher" class="com.briup.bean.Teacher">
<property name="id" value="1"></property>
<property name="name" value="zz"></property>
<property name="student" ref="stu"></property>
</bean>
测试类中
@Test
public void ioc_set() {
try {
String[] path = {"com/briup/ioc/set/set.xml"};
ApplicationContext container = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(path);
Teacher t = (Teacher) container.getBean("teacher");
System.out.println(t);
System.out.println(t.getId());
System.out.println(t.getName());
System.out.println(t.getStudent());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
结果:
知识点3:起别名
可以给对象起一个别名,别名和student真正的name名字代表的是同一个对象
<bean name="stu" class="com.briup.bean.Student">
<property name="id">
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property name="name">
<value>jack</value>
</property>
<property name="age">
<value>20</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean name="teacher" class="com.briup.bean.Teacher">
<property name="id" value="1"></property>
<property name="name" value="zz"></property>
<property name="student" ref="stu"></property>
</bean>
<alias name="stu" alias="s1"/>
<alias name="teacher" alias="t"/>
测试类中
@Test
public void ioc_set() {
try {
String[] path = {"com/briup/ioc/set/set.xml"};
ApplicationContext container = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(path);
Teacher t = (Teacher) container.getBean("teacher");
Teacher t1 = (Teacher) container.getBean("t");
System.out.println(t==t1);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
结果:true
表示是同一个对象
知识点4:可以给一个类配置多个对象,对象的名字要不同
<bean name="stu1" class="com.briup.bean.Student"></bean>
<bean name="stu2" class="com.briup.bean.Student"></bean>
<bean name="stu3" class="com.briup.bean.Student"></bean>
测试类中
@Test
public void ioc_set() {
try {
String[] path = {"com/briup/ioc/set/set.xml"};
ApplicationContext container = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(path);
System.out.println(container.getBean("stu1"));
System.out.println(container.getBean("stu2"));
System.out.println(container.getBean("stu3"));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
结果:
知识点5:向一个对象中注入集合List,Set,Map,Properties
collection.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<bean name="student" class="com.briup.bean.Student">
<property name="list">
<list>
<value>杨幂</value>
<value>郑爽</value>
<value>赵丽颖</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="set">
<set>
<value>马云</value>
<value>马化腾</value>
<value>李彦宏</value>
</set>
</property>
<property name="map">
<map>
<entry key="1" value="姜涛"></entry>
<entry key="2" value="胖娘"></entry>
<entry key="3" value="黑v"></entry>
</map>
</property>
<property name="prop">
<props>
<prop key="a">医生</prop>
<prop key="b">护士</prop>
<prop key="c">老师</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
测试
@Test
public void ioc_collection() {
try {
String[] path = {"com/briup/ioc/collection/collection.xml"};
ApplicationContext container = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(path);
Student stu=(Student) container.getBean("student");
System.out.println(stu);
stu.show();
System.out.println("---------------");
System.out.println(stu.getList().getClass());//ArrayList
System.out.println(stu.getSet().getClass());//LinkedHashSet
System.out.println(stu.getMap().getClass());//LinkedHashMap
System.out.println(stu.getProp().getClass());//Properties
/*
class java.util.ArrayList
class java.util.LinkedHashSet
class java.util.LinkedHashMap
class java.util.Properties
*/
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
结果:
测试默认集合类型