JavaScript String对象–常用
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charAt(index) :返回指定位置的字符,index从0开始
var str="Hello world!" console.log(str.charAt(1))//e
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split(separator,howmany):把字符串分割为字符串数组,参数1是分割的依据,参数2是返回数组的最大长度
//如果是空字符串那么全部分割 var str = "get-element-by-id" console.log(str.split("-"))//["get","element","by","id"]
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**slice(start,end):**提取字符串某部分,包括start,不包括end,没有end则到结尾
var str = "hello world" console.log(str.slice(3,7))//lo w
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**substr(start,length):**提取字符串某部分,start开头,length长度,没有end则到结尾
var str = "hello world" console.log(str.substr(3,7))//lo worl
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**replace(regexp,replacement):**在字符串中用一些字符替换另一些字符
var str = "hello world" console.log(str.replace(/world/g,"Array"))//hello Array
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toLowerCase():把字符串转为小写
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toUpperCase():把字符串转为大写
//实例
var str = "get-element-by-id"
var arr = str.split("-")
for(var i=1; i<arr.length;i++){
arr[i] = arr[i].charAt(0).toUuperCase()+arr[i].slice(1,arr[i].length)
}
console.log(arr.join(''))//getElementById
JavaScript Array对象
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join(连接符):把数组的所有元素放入一个字符串,元素通过指定的分隔符进行分隔。与String中的split对应
//不写连接符则以逗号 var arr = new Array(2) arr[0] = "ysc" arr[1] = "xiao" document.write(arr.join(''))// yscxiao
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push():可以向数组的末尾添加一个或多个元素,返回值:数组的新长度
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unshift():向数组开头添加元素,返回值:数组新长度
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pop():删除最后一个元素,返回值:被删除的元素
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shift():删除第一个元素,返回值:被删除的元素
//改变原数组 var arr = ['孙悟空', '猪八戒', '沙悟净']; var res1 = arr.push('唐僧', '白龙马') console.log(res1)//5 console.log(arr)//["孙悟空", "猪八戒", "沙和尚", "唐僧", "白龙马"] var res2 = arr.pop() console.log(res2)//白龙马 console.log(arr)//["孙悟空", "猪八戒", "沙和尚", "唐僧"] var res3 = arr.unshift('观音菩萨') console.log(res)//5 console.log(arr)//["观音菩萨","孙悟空", "猪八戒", "沙和尚", "唐僧"] var res4 = arr.shift() console.log(res)//观音菩萨 console.log(arr)//["孙悟空", "猪八戒", "沙和尚", "唐僧"]
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slice(start,end) 提取指定元素,返回值:提取到的元素,不改变元数组,包含start,不包含end
//并不会改变原数组 var arr = ["孙悟空","猪八戒","沙格尚","白龙马","唐僧"] var res1 = arr.slice(0,2) console.log(res)//"孙悟空" "猪八戒" console.log(arr)//"孙悟空","猪八戒","沙格尚","白龙马","唐僧"
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splice(a,b,c):返回值:删除的内容,可删除—可替换—可插入,会影响原数组。a:表示开始位置的索引 包含,索引都是从0开始;b:表示删除个数;c:插入的内容,可替换-可插入
//改变原数组 var res2 = arr.splice(1,1) consoloe.log(res2)//猪八戒 console.log(arr)"孙悟空","沙格尚","白龙马","唐僧" var res3 = arr.splice(1,1,"替换") console.log(res3)//沙格尚 console.log(arr)"孙悟空","替换","白龙马","唐僧"
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sort(sortby) :方法用于对数组的元素进行排序。可选,规定排序顺序,必须是函数
function sortNumber(a,b){return a - b} //var arr = ["10","5","40","25","1000","1"] var arr = new Array(6) arr[0] = "10";arr[1] = "5";arr[2] = "40";arr[3] = "25";arr[4] = "1000";arr[5] = "1" document.write(arr + "<br />")//10,5,40,25,1000,1 document.write(arr.sort(sortNumber))//1,5,10,25,40,1000