MyBatis框架的入门（使用IDEA进行简单的实现）

一. 什么是MyBatis框架

    MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架，它支持自定义 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。

    MyBatis 免除了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码以及设置参数和获取结果集的工作。

    MyBatis 可以通过简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原始类型、接口和 Java POJO（Plain Old Java Objects，普通老式 Java 对象）为数据库中的记录。

   MyBatis的官网站   https://mybatis.org/mybatis-3/zh/index.html

二. 搭建MyBatis的基础入门

2.1 使用IDEA创建maven工程

创建完成后，在项目的pom.xml中添加以下语句：

<properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    
    <dependencies>
        <!--添加mybatis依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit 依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--数据库依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.16</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--log4j日志依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2.2 创建User数据表和实体类

创建一张User数据表，数据内容任意

创建User实体类

package domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

public class User implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private Date birthday;
    private String sex;
    private String address;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
}

2.3 编写持久层接口UserDao和持久层接口的映射文件UserDao.xml

UserDao

	public interface UserDao {
    List<User> findAll();
}

UserDao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="dao.UserDao">
    <!--配置查询操作-->
    <!--resultType 结果封装对象的类型-->
    <select id="findAll" resultType="domain.User">
        select * from user
    </select>
</mapper>

2.4 编写SqlMapConfig.xml配置文件和log4j.properties配置文件

SqlMapConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!--dtd 约束-->
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--根标签-->
<configuration>
    <!--数据库的连接环境-->
    <environments default="mybatis">
        <environment id="mybatis">
            <!--配置数据库的事务管理-->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <!--配置数据源/连接池-->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///mybatis01?serverTimezone = GMT"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <!--配置映射配置文件信息-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="dao/UserDao.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

log4j.properties

# Set root category priority to INFO and its only appender to CONSOLE.
#log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE            debug   info   warn error fatal
log4j.rootCategory=debug, CONSOLE, LOGFILE

# Set the enterprise logger category to FATAL and its only appender to CONSOLE.
log4j.logger.org.apache.axis.enterprise=FATAL, CONSOLE

# CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n

# LOGFILE is set to be a File appender using a PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.LOGFILE=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.File=xis.log
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.Append=true
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n

2.5 编写测试类

import dao.UserDao;
import domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class MybatisTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.读取配置文件
        InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        //2.创建对象SqlSessionFactoryBuilder
        SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
        //3.创建工厂SqlSessionFactory对象         构建者模式  隐藏了对象创建的细节，让调用者直接获得对象
        SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in);
        //4.创建SqlSession对象        工厂模式：——优势：用来解耦合
        SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
        //5.获得dao接口的带来对象        代理模式：——特点方法增强 在不改变源代码本身的情况下，做代码增强
        UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        //6.查询所有
        List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
        for (User user : users) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        //7.关闭
        session.close();
        in.close();
    }
}

各个文件存放位置：

2.6 测试结果