ServletConfig的使用

1 ServletConfig的使用

1.1 ServletConfig是什么

• 为Servlet提供初始配置参数的一种对象,每个Servlet都有自己独立唯一的ServletConfig对象
• 容器会为每个Servlet实例化一个ServletConfig对象,并通过Servlet生命周期的init方法传入给Servlet作为属性

1.2 ServletConfig是一个接口,定义了如下API

package jakarta.servlet;
import java.util.Enumeration;
public interface ServletConfig {
    String getServletName();
    ServletContext getServletContext();
    String getInitParameter(String var1);
    Enumeration<String> getInitParameterNames();
}

方法名	作用
getServletName()	获取<servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>定义的Servlet名称
getServletContext()	获取ServletContext对象
getInitParameter()	获取配置Servlet时设置的『初始化参数』，根据名字获取值
getInitParameterNames()	获取所有初始化参数名组成的Enumeration对象

1.3 ServletConfig怎么用,测试代码如下

• 定义Servlet

public class ServletA extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletConfig servletConfig = this.getServletConfig();
        // 根据参数名获取单个参数
        String value = servletConfig.getInitParameter("param1");
        System.out.println("param1:"+value);
        // 获取所有参数名
        Enumeration<String> parameterNames = servletConfig.getInitParameterNames();
        // 迭代并获取参数名
        while (parameterNames.hasMoreElements()) {
            String paramaterName = parameterNames.nextElement();
            System.out.println(paramaterName+":"+servletConfig.getInitParameter(paramaterName));
        }
    }
}



public class ServletB extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletConfig servletConfig = this.getServletConfig();
        // 根据参数名获取单个参数
        String value = servletConfig.getInitParameter("param1");
        System.out.println("param1:"+value);
        // 获取所有参数名
        Enumeration<String> parameterNames = servletConfig.getInitParameterNames();
        // 迭代并获取参数名
        while (parameterNames.hasMoreElements()) {
            String paramaterName = parameterNames.nextElement();
            System.out.println(paramaterName+":"+servletConfig.getInitParameter(paramaterName));
        }
    }
}

• 配置Servlet

  <servlet>
       <servlet-name>ServletA</servlet-name>
       <servlet-class>com.atguigu.servlet.ServletA</servlet-class>
       <!--配置ServletA的初始参数-->
       <init-param>
           <param-name>param1</param-name>
           <param-value>value1</param-value>
       </init-param>
       <init-param>
           <param-name>param2</param-name>
           <param-value>value2</param-value>
       </init-param>
   </servlet>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>ServletB</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.atguigu.servlet.ServletB</servlet-class>
        <!--配置ServletB的初始参数-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>param3</param-name>
            <param-value>value3</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>param4</param-name>
            <param-value>value4</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ServletA</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servletA</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ServletB</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servletB</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>