八、Netty核心技术之HTTP服务实例

一、实例要求：

步骤：Netty服务器在8081端口监听，浏览器发出请求“http://localhost:8081/"
服务器可以回复消息给浏览器客户端”hello 我是服务器“，并对特定请求资源进行过滤
目的：Netty可以做Http服务开发，并且理解Handler实例和客户端及其请求的关系

1.1 代码实现

1.1.1 NettyServer代码

package com.netty.NettyHttp;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

public class TestServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        NioEventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        NioEventLoopGroup workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();

        try{
            serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup,workGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    //childHandler（）是将handler加入到workGroup中，handler()是将handler加入到bossGroup中
                    .childHandler(new TestServerInitializer());
            ChannelFuture cf = serverBootstrap.bind(8081).sync();
            cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

1.1.2 TestServerInitializer代码实现

package com.netty.NettyHttp;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;

public class TestServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {


    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
          //向管道添加处理器

        //得到管道
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
        //加入一个netty 提供的httpServerCodec codec=>[codec-decoder]
        //HttpServerCodec 说明
        pipeline.addLast("HttpServerCodec", new HttpServerCodec());
        //增加一个自定义的handler处理器
        pipeline.addLast("MyTestHttpServerHandler",new TestHttpServerHandler());
    }
}

1.1.3 TestHttpServerHandler代码

package com.netty.NettyHttp;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.DecoderResult;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

/*
* 说明；
*  1、SimpleChannelInboundHandler是ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter的子类
*  2、HttpObject 客户端和服务器相互通讯的数据被封装成HttpObject
* */
public class TestHttpServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObject> {

    //读取客户端的数据
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpObject msg) throws Exception {
        //判断msg是不是HttpObject请求


        if(msg instanceof HttpRequest){

            //拦截ico请求
            String uri = ((HttpRequest) msg).uri();
            if("/favicon.ico".equals(uri)){
                System.out.println("请求了favicon.ico，不做响应");
                return;
            }

            System.out.println("msg类型=" + msg.getClass());
            System.out.println("客户端地址；" + ctx.channel().remoteAddress());
            //回复信息给浏览器【Http协议】
            ByteBuf content = Unpooled.copiedBuffer("hello,我是服务器", CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
            //构造一个Http的响应，即Httpresponse
            DefaultFullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpResponseStatus.OK,content);

            response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_TYPE,"text/plain");

            response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_LENGTH, content.readableBytes());
            //将构建好的reaponse返回
            ctx.writeAndFlush(response);
        }
    }
}

1.2 结果 💥

浏览器访问；http://localhost:8081

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