wireshark协议识别的基本原理

wireshark协议识别的基本原理

IP头部 协议字段 表

  1. 基于IP协议的一些服务是通过IP协议报文头部信息的协议字段的值去判断的

  2. IP头格式
    请添加图片描述

  3. IP头部协议字段表

    Decimal  Keyword          Protocol                                 References
    十进制	   关键字            协议全称								参考文献
    -------  ---------------  ---------------------------------------  ------------------
    0        HOPOPT           IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Option                   [RFC1883]
    1        ICMP             Internet Control Message                 [RFC792] 
    2        IGMP             Internet Group Management                [RFC1112]
    3        GGP              Gateway-to-Gateway                       [RFC823]
    4        IP               IP in IP (encapsulation)                 [RFC2003]
    5        ST               Stream                                   [RFC1190][RFC1819]
    6        TCP              Transmission Control                     [RFC793]
    7        CBT              CBT                                      [Ballardie]
    8        EGP              Exterior Gateway Protocol                [RFC888][DLM1]
    9        IGP              any private interior gateway             [IANA]
                              (used by Cisco for their IGRP)  
    10       BBN-RCC-MON      BBN RCC Monitoring                       [SGC]
    11       NVP-II           Network Voice Protocol                   [RFC741][SC3]
    12       PUP              PUP                                      [PUP][XEROX]
    13       ARGUS            ARGUS                                    [RWS4]
    14       EMCON            EMCON                                    [BN7]
    15       XNET             Cross Net Debugger                       [IEN158][JFH2]
    16       CHAOS            Chaos                                    [NC3]
    17       UDP              User Datagram                            [RFC768][JBP]
    18       MUX              Multiplexing                             [IEN90][JBP]
    19       DCN-MEAS         DCN Measurement Subsystems               [DLM1]
    20       HMP              Host Monitoring                          [RFC869][RH6]
    21       PRM              Packet Radio Measurement                 [ZSU]
    22       XNS-IDP          XEROX NS IDP                             [ETHERNET][XEROX]
    23       TRUNK-1          Trunk-1                                  [BWB6]
    24       TRUNK-2          Trunk-2                                  [BWB6]
    25       LEAF-1           Leaf-1                                   [BWB6]
    26       LEAF-2           Leaf-2                                   [BWB6]
    27       RDP              Reliable Data Protocol                   [RFC908][RH6]
    28       IRTP             Internet Reliable Transaction            [RFC938][TXM]
    29       ISO-TP4          ISO Transport Protocol Class 4           [RFC905][RC77]
    30       NETBLT           Bulk Data Transfer Protocol              [RFC969][DDC1]
    31       MFE-NSP          MFE Network Services Protocol            [MFENET][BCH2]
    32       MERIT-INP        MERIT Internodal Protocol                [HWB]
    33       DCCP             Datagram Congestion Control Protocol     [RFC4340]
    34       3PC              Third Party Connect Protocol             [SAF3]
    35       IDPR             Inter-Domain Policy Routing Protocol     [MXS1] 
    36       XTP              XTP                                      [GXC]
    37       DDP              Datagram Delivery Protocol               [WXC]
    38       IDPR-CMTP        IDPR Control Message Transport Proto     [MXS1]
    39       TP++             TP++ Transport Protocol                  [DXF]
    40       IL               IL Transport Protocol                    [Presotto]
    41       IPv6             Ipv6                                     [Deering]    
    42       SDRP             Source Demand Routing Protocol           [DXE1]
    43       IPv6-Route       Routing Header for IPv6                  [Deering]
    44       IPv6-Frag        Fragment Header for IPv6                 [Deering]
    45       IDRP             Inter-Domain Routing Protocol            [Hares]
    46       RSVP             Reservation Protocol                     [Braden]
    47       GRE              General Routing Encapsulation            [Li]
    48       DSR              Dynamic Source Routing Protocol          [RFC4728]
    49       BNA              BNA                                      [Salamon]
    50       ESP              Encap Security Payload                   [RFC4303]
    51       AH               Authentication Header                    [RFC4302]
    52       I-NLSP           Integrated Net Layer Security  TUBA      [GLENN]
    53       SWIPE            IP with Encryption                       [JI6]
    54       NARP             NBMA Address Resolution Protocol         [RFC1735]
    55       MOBILE           IP Mobility                              [Perkins]
    56       TLSP             Transport Layer Security Protocol        [Oberg]
                              using Kryptonet key management
    57       SKIP             SKIP                                     [Markson]
    58       IPv6-ICMP        ICMP for IPv6                            [RFC1883]
    59       IPv6-NoNxt       No Next Header for IPv6                  [RFC1883]
    60       IPv6-Opts        Destination Options for IPv6             [RFC1883]
    61                        any host internal protocol               [IANA]
    62       CFTP             CFTP                                     [CFTP][HCF2]
    63                        any local network                        [IANA]
    64       SAT-EXPAK        SATNET and Backroom EXPAK                [SHB]
    65       KRYPTOLAN        Kryptolan                                [PXL1]
    66       RVD              MIT Remote Virtual Disk Protocol         [MBG]
    67       IPPC             Internet Pluribus Packet Core            [SHB]
    68                        any distributed file system              [IANA]
    69       SAT-MON          SATNET Monitoring                        [SHB]
    70       VISA             VISA Protocol                            [GXT1]
    71       IPCV             Internet Packet Core Utility             [SHB]
    72       CPNX             Computer Protocol Network Executive      [DXM2]
    73       CPHB             Computer Protocol Heart Beat             [DXM2]
    74       WSN              Wang Span Network                        [VXD]
    75       PVP              Packet Video Protocol                    [SC3]
    76       BR-SAT-MON       Backroom SATNET Monitoring               [SHB]
    77       SUN-ND           SUN ND PROTOCOL-Temporary                [WM3]
    78       WB-MON           WIDEBAND Monitoring                      [SHB]
    79       WB-EXPAK         WIDEBAND EXPAK                           [SHB]
    80       ISO-IP           ISO Internet Protocol                    [MTR]
    81       VMTP             VMTP                                     [DRC3]
    82       SECURE-VMTP      SECURE-VMTP                              [DRC3]
    83       VINES            VINES                                    [BXH]
    84       TTP              TTP                                      [JXS]
    85       NSFNET-IGP       NSFNET-IGP                               [HWB]
    86       DGP              Dissimilar Gateway Protocol              [DGP][ML109]
    87       TCF              TCF                                      [GAL5]
    88       EIGRP            EIGRP                                    [CISCO][GXS]
    89       OSPFIGP          OSPFIGP                                  [RFC1583][JTM4]
    90       Sprite-RPC       Sprite RPC Protocol                      [SPRITE][BXW] 
    91       LARP             Locus Address Resolution Protocol        [BXH]
    92       MTP              Multicast Transport Protocol             [SXA]
    93       AX.25            AX.25 Frames                             [BK29]         
    94       IPIP             IP-within-IP Encapsulation Protocol      [JI6]
    95       MICP             Mobile Internetworking Control Pro.      [JI6]
    96       SCC-SP           Semaphore Communications Sec. Pro.       [HXH]     
    97       ETHERIP          Ethernet-within-IP Encapsulation         [RFC3378]
    98       ENCAP            Encapsulation Header                     [RFC1241,RXB3]
    99                        any private encryption scheme            [IANA]
    100      GMTP             GMTP                                     [RXB5]
    101      IFMP             Ipsilon Flow Management Protocol         [Hinden]
    102      PNNI             PNNI over IP                             [Callon]
    103      PIM              Protocol Independent Multicast           [Farinacci]
    104      ARIS             ARIS                                     [Feldman]
    105      SCPS             SCPS                                     [Durst]
    106      QNX              QNX                                      [Hunter]
    107      A/N              Active Networks                          [Braden]
    108      IPComp           IP Payload Compression Protocol          [RFC2393]
    109      SNP              Sitara Networks Protocol                 [Sridhar]
    110      Compaq-Peer      Compaq Peer Protocol                     [Volpe]
    111      IPX-in-IP        IPX in IP                                [Lee]
    112      VRRP             Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol       [RFC3768]
    113      PGM              PGM Reliable Transport Protocol          [Speakman]
    114                       any 0-hop protocol                       [IANA]
    115      L2TP             Layer Two Tunneling Protocol             [Aboba]
    116      DDX              D-II Data Exchange (DDX)                 [Worley] 
    117      IATP             Interactive Agent Transfer Protocol      [Murphy]
    118      STP              Schedule Transfer Protocol               [JMP]
    119      SRP              SpectraLink Radio Protocol               [Hamilton]
    120      UTI              UTI                                      [Lothberg]
    121      SMP              Simple Message Protocol                  [Ekblad]
    122      SM               SM                                       [Crowcroft]
    123      PTP              Performance Transparency Protocol        [Welzl]
    124      ISIS over IPv4                                            [Przygienda]
    125      FIRE                                                      [Partridge]
    126      CRTP             Combat Radio Transport Protocol          [Sautter]
    127      CRUDP            Combat Radio User Datagram               [Sautter]
    128      SSCOPMCE                                                  [Waber]
    129      IPLT                                                      [Hollbach]
    130      SPS              Secure Packet Shield                     [McIntosh] 
    131      PIPE             Private IP Encapsulation within IP       [Petri]
    132      SCTP             Stream Control Transmission Protocol     [Stewart]
    133      FC               Fibre Channel                            [Rajagopal]
    134      RSVP-E2E-IGNORE                                           [RFC3175]
    135      Mobility Header                                           [RFC3775]
    136      UDPLite                                                   [RFC3828]
    137      MPLS-in-IP                                                [RFC4023]
    138      manet            MANET Protocols                          [RFC5498]
    139      HIP              Host Identity Protocol                   [RFC5201]     
    140      Shim6            Shim6 Protocol                           [RFC-ietf-shim6-proto-12.txt]
    141-252                   Unassigned                               [IANA]
    253                       Use for experimentation and testing      [RFC3692] 
    254                       Use for experimentation and testing      [RFC3692] 
    255      Reserved                                                  [IANA]
    

基于TCP或UDP的应用层协议通过端口号去识别

  1. 服务名称和端口号用于区分在TCP、UDP、DCCP和SCTP等传输协议上运行的不同服务。服务名是在先到先服务的流程上分配的

  2. 端口编号以不同的方式分配,基于三个范围:系统端口(0-1023),用户端口(1024-49151),和动态和/或私有端口(49152-65535)

  3. 常用的应用层协议及其对应的端口号

    应用层协议基于的传输层(TCP|UDP)协议端口号
    POP3TCP110
    IMAPTCP143
    SMTPTCP25
    TelnetTCP23
    终端服务TCP3389
    PPTPTCP1723
    HTTPTCP80
    FTP(控制)TCP21
    FTP(数据)TCP20
    HTTPSTCP443
    DNSTCP53
    DNSUDP53
    NTPUDP123
    RADIUSUDP1645
    DHCPUDP67
    SNMPUDP161
    ipsecUDP500
    TFTPUDP69
    L2TPUDP1701
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