Hibernate之主键生成策略

Hibernate之主键生成策略

1. hibernate的主键生成器
generator元素：表示了一个主键生成器，它用来为持久化类实例生成唯一的标识 。

1.1 程序员自己控制：assigned

1.2 数据库控制: identity(标识列/自动增长) sequence

1.3 hibernate控制:increment uuid/uuid.hex

1.4 其它:native

2. 主键生成器要求
2.1 assigned
数据类型不限、保存前必须赋值

2.2 identity(重点掌握)
数字，无需赋值

2.3 sequence(重点掌握)
数字，无需赋值， 默认使hibernate_sequence这个序列，
也可以通过sequence/sequence_name参数赋值

2.4 increment
数字，无需赋值

2.5 uuid/uuid.hex (是由容器自动生成的一个32位的字符串，.hex代表的是十六进制)
32位的字符串，无需赋值，

2.6 native(重点掌握)
等于identity+sequence

3.案例
3.1 项目整体结构

SessionFactoryUtils(工具类)：

package com.su.two.util;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class SessionFactoryUtils {
	private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	static {
		Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
		sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
	}
	
	public static Session openSession() {
		Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
		if(session == null) {
			session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		}
		return session;
	}
	
	public static void closeSession() {
		Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
		if(session != null && session.isOpen()) {
			session.close();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		System.out.println(session.isConnected());
		SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
		System.out.println(session.isConnected());
	}
}

Student:

package com.su.two.entity;


public class Student {
private Integer sid;
private String sname;
public Integer getSid() {
	return sid;
}
public void setSid(Integer sid) {
	this.sid = sid;
}
public String getSname() {
	return sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
	this.sname = sname;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
	return "Student [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + "]";
}

}

Worker:

package com.su.two.entity;


public class Worker {
private String wid;
private String wname;
public String getWid() {
	return wid;
}
public void setWid(String wid) {
	this.wid = wid;
}
public String getWname() {
	return wname;
}
public void setWname(String wname) {
	this.wname = wname;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
	return "Worker [wid=" + wid + ", wname=" + wname + "]";
}
}

Student.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.su.two.entity.Student" table="t_hibernate_student">
		<id name="sid" type="java.lang.Integer" column="sid">
			<generator class="assigned" />
<!-- 			<generator class="increment" /> -->
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" >
			 <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
				</generator> -->
		</id>
		<property name="sname" type="java.lang.String" column="sname">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Worker.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.su.two.entity.Worker" table="t_hibernate_worker">
		<id name="wid" type="java.lang.String" column="wid">
			<generator class="assigned" />
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
				</generator> -->
		</id>

		<property name="wname" type="java.lang.String" column="wname">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

DemoDao:

package com.su.two.dao;


import java.io.Serializable;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.su.two.entity.Student;
import com.su.two.entity.Worker;
import com.su.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;

public class DemoDao {
	
	/**
	 * 添加学生
	 * @param stu
	 * @return
	 */
	public Serializable addStu(Student stu) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		
		Serializable save = session.save(stu);
		
		transaction.commit();
		SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
		
		return save;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 添加工人
	 * @param worker
	 * @return
	 */
	public Serializable addWorker(Worker worker) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		
		Serializable save = session.save(worker);
		
		transaction.commit();
		SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
		
		return save;
	}
}

DemoDaoTest:

package com.su.two.dao;


import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.su.two.entity.Student;

public class DemoDaoTest {
	private DemoDao demoDao=new DemoDao();
	@Before
	public void setUp() throws Exception{
		//System.out.println("测试所有要测试的方法之前都会执行的内容（一般用来初始化数据");
	}
    
	@After
	public void tearDown() throws Exception{
		//System.out.println("测试所有要测试的方法之后都会执行的内容（一般用来释放资源");
	}
	@Test
	public void testAddStu() {
		//System.out.println("要测试的方法一");
		Student stu=new Student();
		stu.setSname("基佬");
		demoDao.addStu(stu );
	}

	@Test
	public void testAddWorker() {
		System.out.println("要测试的方法二");
	}

}

Hibernate.cfg.xml(配置文件):

<!-- 3. 添加实体映射文件 -->
		<mapping resource="com/su/one/entity/User.hbm.xml"/>
		<!-- 讲解主键生成策略 -->
		<mapping resource="com/su/two/entity/Student.hbm.xml" />
		<mapping resource="com/su/two/entity/Worker.hbm.xml" />