hibernate之关联关系（多对多）

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-25 10:39:41 发布

Sirm3998

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-25 10:39:41 发布

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文章标签： hibernate之关联关系（多对多）

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44222931/article/details/100522893

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hibernate 自关联以及多对多：

项目大体图：
在这里插入图片描述
数据库表：

提供TreeNodeDao.java

package com.pyc.four.dao;

import org.hibernate.Hibernate;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.pyc.first.util.SessionFactoryUtils;
import com.pyc.four.entity.TreeNode;


public class TreeNodeDao {
	public TreeNode load(TreeNode treeNode) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		TreeNode t = session.load(TreeNode.class, treeNode.getNodeId());
		if(t != null && new Integer(1).equals(treeNode.getInitChildren())) {
			Hibernate.initialize(t.getChildren());
			Hibernate.initialize(t.getParent());
		}
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
		return t;
	}
}

提供TreeNodeDaoTest.java

package com.pyc.four.dao;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.pyc.four.entity.TreeNode;



public class TreeNodeDaoTest {
	private TreeNodeDao treeNodeDao = new TreeNodeDao();

//	@Before
//	public void setUp() throws Exception {
//	}
//
//	@After
//	public void tearDown() throws Exception {
//	}

	@Test
	public void testLoad() {
		TreeNode treeNode = new TreeNode();
		treeNode.setNodeId(6);
		treeNode.setInitChildren(1);
		
		TreeNode t = this.treeNodeDao.load(treeNode);
		System.out.println(t);
		System.out.println(t.getParent());
		System.out.println(t.getChildren());
	}

}

提供TreeNode.java

package com.pyc.four.entity;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class TreeNode {
	private Integer nodeId;
	private String nodeName;
	private Integer treeNodeType;
	private Integer position;
	private String url;
	private TreeNode parent;
	private Set<TreeNode> children = new HashSet<TreeNode>();
	private Integer initChildren = 0;

	public Integer getNodeId() {
		return nodeId;
	}

	public void setNodeId(Integer nodeId) {
		this.nodeId = nodeId;
	}

	public String getNodeName() {
		return nodeName;
	}

	public void setNodeName(String nodeName) {
		this.nodeName = nodeName;
	}

	public Integer getTreeNodeType() {
		return treeNodeType;
	}

	public void setTreeNodeType(Integer treeNodeType) {
		this.treeNodeType = treeNodeType;
	}

	public Integer getPosition() {
		return position;
	}

	public void setPosition(Integer position) {
		this.position = position;
	}

	public String getUrl() {
		return url;
	}

	public void setUrl(String url) {
		this.url = url;
	}

	public TreeNode getParent() {
		return parent;
	}

	public void setParent(TreeNode parent) {
		this.parent = parent;
	}

	public Set<TreeNode> getChildren() {
		return children;
	}

	public void setChildren(Set<TreeNode> children) {
		this.children = children;
	}

	public Integer getInitChildren() {
		return initChildren;
	}

	public void setInitChildren(Integer initChildren) {
		this.initChildren = initChildren;
	}

//	@Override
//	public String toString() {
//		return "TreeNode [nodeId=" + nodeId + ", nodeName=" + nodeName + ", treeNodeType=" + treeNodeType
//				+ ", position=" + position + ", url=" + url + ", children=" + children + "]";
//	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "TreeNode [nodeId=" + nodeId + ", nodeName=" + nodeName + ", treeNodeType=" + treeNodeType
				+ ", position=" + position + ", url=" + url + "]";
	}
	

}

提供TreeNode.hgm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.pyc.four.entity.TreeNode" table="t_hibernate_sys_tree_node">
		<id name="nodeId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="tree_node_id">
			<generator class="increment" />
		</id>
		<property name="nodeName" type="java.lang.String"
			column="tree_node_name">
		</property>
		<property name="treeNodeType" type="java.lang.Integer"
			column="tree_node_type">
		</property>
		<property name="position" type="java.lang.Integer"
			column="position">
		</property>
		<property name="url" type="java.lang.String"
			column="url">
		</property>
		
		<many-to-one name="parent" class="com.pyc.four.entity.TreeNode" column="parent_node_id"/>
		
		<set name="children" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
			<key column="parent_node_id"></key>
			<one-to-many class="com.pyc.four.entity.TreeNode"/>
		</set>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

下一步配置hibernate.cfg.xml
在这里插入图片描述
Dao方法TreeNodeDao.java

package com.pyc.four.dao;

import org.hibernate.Hibernate;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.pyc.first.util.SessionFactoryUtils;
import com.pyc.four.entity.TreeNode;


public class TreeNodeDao {
	public TreeNode load(TreeNode treeNode) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		TreeNode t = session.load(TreeNode.class, treeNode.getNodeId());
		if(t != null && new Integer(1).equals(treeNode.getInitChildren())) {
			Hibernate.initialize(t.getChildren());
			Hibernate.initialize(t.getParent());
		}
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
		return t;
	}
}

测试类TreeNodeDaoTest.java

package com.pyc.four.dao;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.pyc.four.entity.TreeNode;



public class TreeNodeDaoTest {
	private TreeNodeDao treeNodeDao = new TreeNodeDao();

//	@Before
//	public void setUp() throws Exception {
//	}
//
//	@After
//	public void tearDown() throws Exception {
//	}
	/**
	 * 注意：
	 * 1.这个在Vue的后台要用
	 * 2.它只能加载出直系亲属（父节点跟子节点）
	 */
	
	@Test
	public void testLoad() {
		TreeNode treeNode = new TreeNode();
		treeNode.setNodeId(6);
		treeNode.setInitChildren(1);
		
		TreeNode t = this.treeNodeDao.load(treeNode);
		System.out.println(t);
		System.out.println(t.getParent());
		System.out.println(t.getChildren());
	}

}

测试结果：
在这里插入图片描述

2. hibernate的多对多

2.1 hibernate可以直接映射多对多关联关系(看作两个一对多)
多对多关系注意事项
2.1 一定要定义一个主控方
2.2 多对多删除
2.2.1 主控方直接删除
2.2.2 被控方先通过主控方解除多对多关系，再删除被控方
2.2.3 禁用级联删除
2.3 关联关系编辑，不需要直接操作桥接表，hibernate的主控方会自动维护

案例：
自关联查询菜单表
多对多级联查询书籍表、书籍类别表

Book.java

package com.pyc.four.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Book implements Serializable{
//	book_id int primary key auto_increment,
//	   book_name varchar(50) not null,
//	   price float not null
	private Integer bookId;
	private String bookName;
	private Float price;
	
	private Set<Category> categories = new HashSet<Category>();
	private Integer initCategories = 0;

	public Integer getInitCategories() {
		return initCategories;
	}

	public void setInitCategories(Integer initCategories) {
		this.initCategories = initCategories;
	}

	public Integer getBookId() {
		return bookId;
	}

	public void setBookId(Integer bookId) {
		this.bookId = bookId;
	}

	public String getBookName() {
		return bookName;
	}

	public void setBookName(String bookName) {
		this.bookName = bookName;
	}

	public Float getPrice() {
		return price;
	}

	public void setPrice(Float price) {
		this.price = price;
	}

	public Set<Category> getCategories() {
		return categories;
	}

	public void setCategories(Set<Category> categories) {
		this.categories = categories;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Book [bookId=" + bookId + ", bookName=" + bookName + ", price=" + price + "]";
	}

	public Book(Integer bookId, String bookName) {
		super();
		this.bookId = bookId;
		this.bookName = bookName;
	}

	public Book() {
		super();
	}
	
	
}

book.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.pyc.four.entity.Book" table="t_hibernate_book">
		<!--  <cache usage="read-only" region="com.zking.five.entity.Book"/>-->
		<id name="bookId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="book_id">
			<generator class="increment" />
		</id>
		<property name="bookName" type="java.lang.String"
			column="book_name">
		</property>
		<property name="price" type="java.lang.Float"
			column="price">
		</property>
		<!-- 
		    set标签
		          table:指的是中间表
		          name:指的是实体类中的关联属性
                  cascade:级联新增以及级联修改
                  inverse：中间表的数据维护交给那个实体类来控制：inverse的字面意思是反方，
                                             默认inverse=true，那也就意味着，默认由对方来控制中间表数据的维护
                                             
                                             
            key标签
                  colum:当前映射类Book对应的表t_hibernate_book的主键，在中间表的外键
                  
            many-to-many标签：
                  colum:当前映射类关联属性对应的类的主键，在中间表的外键          
                  class:当前映射类关联属性对应的类的全路径名                                                          
		 -->
		<set table="t_hibernate_book_category" name="categories" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
			<!-- one -->
			<key column="bid"></key>
			<!-- many -->
			<many-to-many column="cid" class="com.pyc.four.entity.Category"></many-to-many>
		</set>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Category.java

package com.pyc.four.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Category implements Serializable{
//	category_id int primary key auto_increment,
//	   category_name varchar(50) not null
	private Integer categoryId;
	private String categoryName;
	private Set<Book> books = new HashSet<Book>();//关联属性
	public Integer getCategoryId() {
		return categoryId;
	}
	public void setCategoryId(Integer categoryId) {
		this.categoryId = categoryId;
	}
	public String getCategoryName() {
		return categoryName;
	}
	public void setCategoryName(String categoryName) {
		this.categoryName = categoryName;
	}
	public Set<Book> getBooks() {
		return books;
	}
	public void setBooks(Set<Book> books) {
		this.books = books;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Category [categoryId=" + categoryId + ", categoryName=" + categoryName + "]";
	}
	
}

category.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>

	<class name="com.pyc.four.entity.Category" table="t_hibernate_category">
		<id name="categoryId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="category_id">
			<generator class="increment" />
		</id>
		<property name="categoryName" type="java.lang.String"
			column="category_name">
		</property>
		
		<set table="t_hibernate_book_category" name="books" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
			<key column="cid"></key>
			<many-to-many column="bid" class="com.pyc.four.entity.Book"></many-to-many>
		</set>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

BookDao.java

package com.pyc.four.dao;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.query.Query;

import com.pyc.first.util.SessionFactoryUtils;
import com.pyc.four.entity.Book;
import com.pyc.four.entity.Category;

import antlr.StringUtils;


public class BookDao {
	public Integer addBook(Book book) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		Integer bid = (Integer) session.save(book);
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
		return bid;
	}
	
	public Integer addCategory(Category category) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		Integer cid = (Integer) session.save(category);
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
		return cid;
	}
	
	public Category getCategory(Category category) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		Category c = session.get(Category.class, category.getCategoryId());
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
		return c;
	}
	
	public Book getBook(Book book) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		Book b = session.get(Book.class, book.getBookId());
		if (b != null && new Integer(1).equals(book.getInitCategories())) {
			Hibernate.initialize(b.getCategories());
		}
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
		return b;
	}
	
	public void delBook(Book book) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		session.delete(book);
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
	}
	
	public void delCategory(Category category) {
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		Category c = session.get(Category.class, category.getCategoryId());
		if(c!=null) {
			for (Book b : c.getBooks()) {
//				通过在被控方通过主控方来解除关联关系，最后被控方再做删除
				b.getCategories().remove(c);
			}
		}
		session.delete(c);
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
	}
	
}
	
//	/*
//	 * hql讲解用到（需要继承BaseDao）
//	 */
//	/**
//	 * 没有使用BaseDao之前的代码
//	 * @param book
//	 * @param pageBean
//	 * @return
//	 */
//	public List<Book> list(Book book, PageBean pageBean) {
//		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
//		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
//		String hql = "from Book where 1 = 1";
//
//		if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(book.getBookName())) {
//			hql += " and bookName like :bookName";
//		}
//
//		Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
//		
//		if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(book.getBookName())) {
//			query.setParameter("bookName", book.getBookName());
//		}
//
//		if (pageBean != null && pageBean.isPagination()) {
//			query.setFirstResult(pageBean.getStartIndex());
//			query.setMaxResults(pageBean.getRows());
//		}
//		List<Book> list = query.list();
//		transaction.commit();
//		session.close();
//		return list;
//
//	}
//	
//	/**
//	 * 使用BaseDao之后的代码
//	 * @param book
//	 * @param pageBean
//	 * @return
//	 */
//	public List<Book> list2(Book book, PageBean pageBean) {
//		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
//		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
//		String hql = "from Book where 1 = 1";
//		Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
//
//		if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(book.getBookName())) {
//			hql += " and bookName like :bookName";
//			map.put("bookName", book.getBookName());
//		}
//		List list = super.executeQuery(session, hql, map, pageBean);
//		transaction.commit();
//		session.close();
//		return list;
//	}
//	
//	/**
//	 * 使用原生SQL
//	 * @param book
//	 * @param pageBean
//	 * @return
//	 */
//	public List list3(Book book, PageBean pageBean) {
		String sql = "select b.*,o.* from t_hibernate_book b,t_hibernate_Order o";
//		String sql = "select * from t_hibernate_book";
//		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
//		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
//		List list = session.createSQLQuery(sql).list();
//		transaction.commit();
//		session.close();
//		return list;
//	}
//}

BookDaoTest.java

package com.pyc.four.dao;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.pyc.four.entity.Book;
import com.pyc.four.entity.Category;



public class BookDaoTest {
	private BookDao bookDao = new BookDao();

	@Test
	public void testGetBook() {
		Book book = new Book();
		book.setBookId(8);
		book.setInitCategories(1);
		Book b = this.bookDao.getBook(book );
		System.out.println(b.getBookName());
		System.out.println(b.getCategories());
	}
	
	/**
	 * book.hbm.xml	inverse=fasle
	 * category.hbm.xml inverse=true
	 * 数据添加正常
	 * 书籍表、桥接表各新增一条数据
	 */
	@Test
	public void test1() {
		Book book = new Book();
		book.setBookName("T237冲冲冲2");
		book.setPrice(10f);
		Category category = new Category();
		category.setCategoryId(5);
//		直接将category对象加入到新建的book中是错误的，因为此时的category是临时态的，hibernate是不会管理的
//		book.getCategories().add(category);
		Category c = this.bookDao.getCategory(category);
//		                  /\添加类别
//		c.getBooks().add(book);
		book.getCategories().add(c);
		this.bookDao.addBook(book);
		
//                        /\加书
	}

	/**
	 * book.hbm.xml	inverse=true
	 * category.hbm.xml inverse=true
	 * 只增加书籍表数据
	 * 桥接表不加数据
	 * 原因：双方都没有去维护关系
	 */
	@Test
	public void test2() {
		Book book = new Book();
		book.setBookName("c");
		book.setPrice(10f);
		Category category = new Category();
		category.setCategoryId(5);
		Category c = this.bookDao.getCategory(category);
		
		book.getCategories().add(c);
		this.bookDao.addBook(book);
//		c.getBooks().add(book);
	}
	
	
}

添加hibernate.cfg.xml配置
在这里插入图片描述
测试BookDaoTest中的testGetBook方法：

测试BookDaoTest中的test1（）：

关于inverse问题：

场景一:
将category.hbm.xml配置中的 inverse=“true” 改成 inverse=“false”

将book.hbm.xml配置中的 inverse=“false” 改成 inverse=“true”

重新测试test1。

结果 t_hibernate_book插入数据成功，而 t_hibernate_category 插入数据失败
在这里插入图片描述

//book不能维护，所以说中间表的数据不添加
**//哪怕说一正一反，如果你维护的对象不对,那么这个中间表的数据依然不会添加 **
//首先我们是填一正一反一个为true 一个为 false 其次false的一方才能去维护中间表的关系
//现在我们代码上是想让book去维护这个关系但是我们配置上false给的是category，所以说中间表不加数据
场景二：

将category.hbm.xml配置中的 inverse=“false” 改成 inverse=“true”

测试test2（）
在这里插入图片描述
只增加书籍表数据中间表添加失败
双方都没有去维护关系

**问题所在：**中间表的数据没人进行维护。

hibernate中多对多的底层查询原理

<!-- 
hibernate中多对多的查询原理：
1.建模得到sessionfactory工厂
2.sessionfactory包含两个多对多的关系映射文件，那么就可以通过流加载那两个映射文件
 这里以com/wangcong/four/entity/Category.hbm.xml，加载完后可以对应再次建模
3.可以拿到com.wangcong.four.entity.Category以及表t_hibernate_category
通过t_hibernate_category以及下列的column列段可以多态生成sql语句
select category_id,category_name from t_hibernate_category where category_id=?(5)
最终查出 5   a1这条数据
Category c= Class.forName("com.wangcong.four.entity.Category")
Filed categoryNameFiled= c.getClass().getDecafiedld("categoryName");
categoryNameFiled.setAccessable(true);
categoryNameFiled.set(c,"a1");
同理：
categoryIdFiled.set(c,5);
那么也就意味着当前c实例中所有属性值以及赋值完毕

4.同样对此文件建模com/wangcong/four/entity/Category.hbm.xml，可以得到
中间表t_hibernate_book_category，以及关联属性的全路径名com.wangcong.four.entity.Book
自然形成sql语句
select cid,bid from t_hibernate_book_category where cid=?(5)
查询出来的结果：
5	17	5
6	20	5
7	21	5
8	22	5
9	24	5
11	26	5

String sql=select * from t_hibernate_book where book_id in(17,20,....)
List<book> books= BaseDao.executeQuery(sql,Book.class,null)

BaseDao.executeQuery(sql,Class clz,pagebean)

5.c.setBooks(books)
 -->