python读取excel数据、转换度分为度，绘制填色图

python绘图记录

• 读取excel文件
• 将度分的经纬度转换为度
• 绘制填色图
• 两种添加网格线的方式

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Mon Sep 19 10:32:00 2022

@author: Administrator
"""

import shapely.geometry as sgeom
import xarray as xr
import numpy  as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import glob
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
import cartopy.feature as cfeature
from cartopy.mpl.ticker import LongitudeFormatter, LatitudeFormatter
import pandas as pd
import calendar
import os
import re
import matplotlib.ticker as mticker
from cartopy.mpl.gridliner import LONGITUDE_FORMATTER, LATITUDE_FORMATTER



path = r'D:/data_1.xlsx'
data = pd.read_excel(io=path,sheet_name='name')
lon = data['经度'].to_numpy()[1:]
lat = data['纬度'].to_numpy()[1:]




def convert_lon(lon):
    if len(lon)==1:
        
        a = float(lon[0:3])
        b = float(lon[4:-1])
        c = b/60
        d = a + c
    else:
        d = np.zeros(lon.shape)
        for i in range(len(lon)):
            a1 = float(lon[i][0:3])
            b1 = float(lon[i][4:-1])/60
            d[i] = a1 + b1
    return d

def convert_lat(lon):
    if len(lon)==1:
        
        a = float(lon[0:2])
        b = float(lon[3:-1])
        c = b/60
        d = a + c
    else:
        d = np.zeros(lon.shape)
        for i in range(len(lon)):
            a1 = float(lon[i][0:2])
            b1 = float(lon[i][3:-1])/60
            d[i] = a1 + b1
    return d

lon_new = convert_lon(lon)
lat_new = convert_lat(lat)
    
#### ======================================================================================
#### ===================================read_nc ==============================================
#### ======================================================================================

nc_path = r'D:/data2.nc'
ds = xr.open_dataset(nc_path)
depth = ds.bathymetry.sel(lat=slice(25,41),lon=slice(115,135))
depth_data =depth.data    

depth_data[depth_data ==-10] = np.nan
    
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False  # 用来正常显示负号

#### ======================================================================================
#### ===================================draw ==============================================
#### ======================================================================================
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6), dpi=200)  
proj = ccrs.PlateCarree()
ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree(central_longitude=180))
extents = [117.5,127,29.5,40.5]
ax.set_extent(extents, crs=proj)
# 添加各种特征
ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAND, edgecolor='black',facecolor='silver',
                # zorder=1,
               )
ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAKES, edgecolor='black',facecolor='w',
               # zorder=2
               )
ax.add_feature(cfeature.BORDERS)
# ax.add_feature(cfeature.NaturalEarthFeature('physical', 'land', '10m', \
#     edgecolor='k', facecolor='silver'))

# # 添加网格线
xtick = np.arange(118, 128, 2)
ytick = np.arange(30,41, 1)
# ax.coastlines()
tick_proj = ccrs.PlateCarree()
ax.set_xticks(xtick, crs=tick_proj)
ax.set_xticks(xtick,  crs=tick_proj)
ax.set_yticks(ytick, crs=tick_proj)
ax.set_yticks(ytick, crs=tick_proj)
ax.tick_params(which='major', direction='in', 
                length=3, width=0.4, 
                pad=0.2, bottom=True, left=True, right=False, top=False)

# # # # 利用Formatter格式化刻度标签
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(LongitudeFormatter())
ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(LatitudeFormatter())
plt.yticks(fontproperties='Times New Roman',size=10)
plt.xticks(fontproperties='Times New Roman',size=10)
cmap=plt.get_cmap('RdYlBu')

ax.gridlines(linestyle='--',
             xlocs=xtick,
             ylocs=ytick,
              x_inline=False, 
              y_inline=False,
              zorder=2,
             linewidth=0.5, 
             color='grey')

step=2
cb =  ax.contourf(depth.lon,depth.lat,-depth_data,
            transform=ccrs.PlateCarree(),
            cmap=cmap,
            # levels=np.arange(0,120+step,step),
            levels=np.arange(-100,0+step,step),
            zorder=2,
            )
ac=ax.contour(-depth_data,colors='grey',
              levels=np.arange(-100,0,20),
           transform=ccrs.PlateCarree(),)
ax.clabel(ac)
ax.scatter(lon_new,lat_new,marker='s',s=10,
           #color='dimgray',
           color='dimgray',
            transform=ccrs.PlateCarree(),
            zorder=2,
            )
fig.colorbar(cb,
             # shrink=0.9,
              ticks=-np.array([0,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100]),
              label='Depth(m)')
plt.show()


# gl = ax.gridlines(
#                   linestyle='--', draw_labels=False,
#                   )
# gl.xlabels_top = False
# gl.ylabels_left = True
# gl.ylabels_right=False
# gl.xlines = True
# gl.xlocator = mticker.FixedLocator([118,120,122,124,126])
# gl.ylocator = mticker.FixedLocator([30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40])
# gl.xformatter = LONGITUDE_FORMATTER
# gl.yformatter = LATITUDE_FORMATTER
# gl.xlabel_style = {'color': 'black', 'weight': 'bold'}