1. ${variable:-value}
$variable如果为空或者未设置,则返回value的值;
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# vi koala.sh
#!/bin/bash
declare name
[ -n "$name" ] && echo $name || echo '$name is null'
echo "${name:-$HOSTNAME}"
[ -n "$name" ] && echo $name || echo '$name is null'
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# bash koala.sh
$name is null
k8s-node1
$name is null
2. ${variable:=value}
$variable如果为空或者未设置,则将value的值赋值给$variable,且返回value的值;
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# vi koala.sh
#!/bin/bash
declare name
[ -n "$name" ] && echo $name || echo '$name is null'
echo "${name:=$HOSTNAME}"
[ -n "$name" ] && echo $name || echo '$name is null'
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# bash koala.sh
$name is null
k8s-node1
k8s-node1
3. ${variable:?value}
$variable如果为空或者未设置,则进程退出且打印出value的内容,通常用调试阶段使用;
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# vi koala.sh
#!/bin/bash
declare name
[ -n "$name" ] && echo $name || echo '$name is null'
echo "${name:?$HOSTNAME}"
[ -n "$name" ] && echo $name || echo '$name is null'
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# bash koala.sh
$name is null
koala.sh: line 5: name: k8s-node1
1. ${variable:+value}
$variable的值非空时,返回value的值;否则返回null
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# vi koala.sh
#!/bin/bash
declare name
[ -n "$name" ] && echo $name || echo '$name is null'
echo "${name:+$HOSTNAME}"
[ -n "$name" ] && echo $name || echo '$name is null'
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# bash koala.sh
$name is null
$name is null