1、项目文件整体结构
2、准备每一种实体用户对应的数据库表
3、index.jsp编写
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>LoginTest</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="LoginServlet" method="post">
账号：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
密 码(密码框)：<input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="radio" id="radio-1" name="type" checked value="1" />
<label>学生</label>
<input type="radio" id="radio-2" name="type" value="2" />
<label>老师</label>
<input type="radio" id="radio-3" name="type" value="3" />
<label>管理员</label>
<br>
验证码:<input type="text" name="image">
<img src="VerifyCodeServlet">
<input type="button" value="看不清? 换一张." id="btn" /><font color="red">${requestScope.imageMess}</font>
<br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.getElementById("btn").onclick = function () {
// 获取img元素
// 为了让浏览器发送请求到servlet, 所以一定要改变src
document.getElementsByTagName("img")[0].src = "VerifyCodeServlet?time=" + new Date().getTime();
};
</script>
</body>
</html>
4、数据库连接工具类DbUtil编写
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
/**
*
* @author llq
*数据库连接util
*/
public class DbUtil {
private String dbUrl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/logintest2?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8";
private String dbUser = "root";
private String dbPassword = "123456";
private String jdbcName = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
private Connection connection = null;
public Connection getConnection(){
try {
Class.forName(jdbcName);
connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl, dbUser, dbPassword);
System.out.println("数据库连接成功");
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
System.out.println("数据库连接失败");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return connection;
}
public void closeCon(){
if(connection != null)
try {
connection.close();
System.out.println("数据库连接已关闭");
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//创建一个数据库对象
DbUtil dbUtil = new DbUtil();
//连接数据库
dbUtil.getConnection();
}
}
5、验证码生成工具类VerifyCodeUtil编写
package cn.zhukun.Util;
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public class VerifyCodeUtil {
private int w = 70;
private int h = 35;
private Random r = new Random();
// {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华文新魏", "华文隶书", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"}
private String[] fontNames = {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"};
// 可选字符
private String codes = "0123456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
// 背景色
private Color bgColor = new Color(255, 255, 255);
// 验证码上的文本
private String text ;
// 生成随机的颜色
private Color randomColor () {
int red = r.nextInt(150);
int green = r.nextInt(150);
int blue = r.nextInt(150);
return new Color(red, green, blue);
}
// 生成随机的字体
private Font randomFont () {
int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
String fontName = fontNames[index];//生成随机的字体名称
int style = r.nextInt(4);//生成随机的样式, 0(无样式), 1(粗体), 2(斜体), 3(粗体+斜体)
int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24; //生成随机字号, 24 ~ 28
return new Font(fontName, style, size);
}
// 画干扰线
private void drawLine (BufferedImage image) {
int num = 3;//一共画3条
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
for(int i = 0; i < num; i++) {//生成两个点的坐标，即4个值
int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
int y2 = r.nextInt(h);
g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F));
g2.setColor(Color.BLUE); //干扰线是蓝色
g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);//画线
}
}
// 随机生成一个字符
private char randomChar () {
int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
return codes.charAt(index);
}
// 创建BufferedImage
private BufferedImage createImage () {
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
return image;
}
// 调用这个方法得到验证码
public BufferedImage getImage () {
BufferedImage image = createImage();//创建图片缓冲区
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();//得到绘制环境
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();//用来装载生成的验证码文本
// 向图片中画4个字符
for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {//循环四次，每次生成一个字符
String s = randomChar() + "";//随机生成一个字母
sb.append(s); //把字母添加到sb中
float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4; //设置当前字符的x轴坐标
g2.setFont(randomFont()); //设置随机字体
g2.setColor(randomColor()); //设置随机颜色
g2.drawString(s, x, h-5); //画图
}
this.text = sb.toString(); //把生成的字符串赋给了this.text
drawLine(image); //添加干扰线
return image;
}
// 返回验证码图片上的文本
public String getText () {
return text;
}
// 保存图片到指定的输出流
public static void output (BufferedImage image, OutputStream out)
throws IOException {
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
}
}
6、用户实体编写这里有三类（Admin，Student，Teacher）
package cn.zhukun.Entity;
public class Admin {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
package cn.zhukun.Entity;
public class Student {
private int id;
private String sno;//学号
private String password;//密码
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getSno() {
return sno;
}
public void setSno(String sno) {
this.sno = sno;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
package cn.zhukun.Entity;
public class Teacher {
private int id;
private String tno;//教工号
private String password;//密码
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getTno() {
return tno;
}
public void setTno(String tno) {
this.tno = tno;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
7、Dao编写（BaseDao，AdminDao，StudentDao，TeacherDao）
package cn.zhukun.Dao;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import cn.zhukun.Util.DbUtil;
/**
*
* @author llq
*基础dao，封装基本操作
*/
public class BaseDao {
private DbUtil dbUtil = new DbUtil();
/**
* 及时关闭数据库连接，释放资源
*/
public void closeCon(){
dbUtil.closeCon();
}
/**
* 基础查询，多条查询
*/
public ResultSet query(String sql){
try {
PreparedStatement prepareStatement = dbUtil.getConnection().prepareStatement(sql);
return prepareStatement.executeQuery();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
*增删改
*/
public boolean update(String sql){
try {
return dbUtil.getConnection().prepareStatement(sql).executeUpdate() > 0;
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
public Connection getConnection(){
return dbUtil.getConnection();
}
}
package cn.zhukun.Dao;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import cn.zhukun.Entity.Admin;
/**
*
* @author llq
*管理员数据库操作封装
*/
public class AdminDao extends BaseDao {
//将从表单获取到的username和password作为参数传入，返回一个在数据库的user表中对应了用户名和密码的user对象
/*
* 1、如果成功返回一个user对象说明在数据库中找到和表单输入对应的用户名和密码，登录成功
* 2、如果返回为空说明在数据库中没有找到和表单对应的用户名和密码，登录失败*/
public Admin login(String username , String password){
String sql = "select * from Admin where username = '" + username + "' and password = '" + password + "'";
ResultSet resultSet = query(sql);
try {
if(resultSet.next()){
Admin admin = new Admin();
admin.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
admin.setUsername(resultSet.getString("username"));
admin.setPassword(resultSet.getString("password"));
return admin;
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
package cn.zhukun.Dao;
import cn.zhukun.Entity.Student;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
public class StudentDao extends BaseDao{
public Student login(String sno,String password)
{
String sql = "select * from Student where sno = '" + sno + "' and password = '" + password + "'";
ResultSet resultSet = query(sql);
try {
if(resultSet.next()){
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
student.setSno(resultSet.getString("sno"));
student.setPassword(resultSet.getString("password"));
return student;
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
package cn.zhukun.Dao;
import cn.zhukun.Entity.Student;
import cn.zhukun.Entity.Teacher;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
public class TeacherDao extends BaseDao {
public Teacher login(String tno,String password)
{
String sql="select * from Teacher where tno = '" + tno + "' and password = '" + password + "'";
ResultSet resultSet = query(sql);
try {
if(resultSet.next()){
Teacher teacher= new Teacher();
teacher.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
teacher.setTno(resultSet.getString("tno"));
teacher.setPassword(resultSet.getString("password"));
return teacher;
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
8、Servlet编写（LoginServlet、VerifyCodeServlet）
package cn.zhukun.Servlet;
import cn.zhukun.Dao.AdminDao;
import cn.zhukun.Dao.StudentDao;
import cn.zhukun.Dao.TeacherDao;
import cn.zhukun.Entity.Admin;
import cn.zhukun.Entity.Student;
import cn.zhukun.Entity.Teacher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/LoginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
String username= request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
//获取选择登陆对象的类型参数
int type = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("type"));
//验证码验证
String imageText = request.getParameter("image");
// 图片的验证码
String text = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("text");
if (!text.equalsIgnoreCase(imageText)) {
request.setAttribute("imageMess", "验证码输入错误!");
request.getRequestDispatcher("index.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
//验证码验证通过，对比用户名密码是否正确
switch (type) {
case 1:{
StudentDao studentDao = new StudentDao();
Student student = studentDao.login(username,password);
studentDao.closeCon();
if (student == null)
{
response.getWriter().write("学生登录失败");
return;
}else {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("user", student);
session.setAttribute("userType", type);
response.getWriter().write("学生登录成功");
}
break;
}
case 2:{
TeacherDao teacherDao = new TeacherDao();
Teacher teacher = teacherDao.login(username,password);
teacherDao.closeCon();
if(teacher == null){
response.getWriter().write("教师登录失败");
return;
}else{
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("user", teacher);
session.setAttribute("userType", type);
response.getWriter().write("教师登录成功");
}
break;
}
case 3:{
AdminDao adminDao = new AdminDao();
Admin admin = adminDao.login(username, password);
adminDao.closeCon();
if(admin == null){
response.getWriter().write("管理员登录失败");
return;
}else {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("user", admin);
session.setAttribute("userType", type);
response.getWriter().write("管理员登录成功");
}
break;
}
default:
break;
}
}
//注销登录 退出
private void logout(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
request.getSession().removeAttribute("user");
response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
}
}
package cn.zhukun.Servlet;
import cn.zhukun.Util.VerifyCodeUtil;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* 用来生成图片验证码
*
*/
@WebServlet("/VerifyCodeServlet")
public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//创建对象
VerifyCodeUtil vc = new VerifyCodeUtil();
//获取图片对象
BufferedImage bi = vc.getImage();
//获得图片的文本内容
String text = vc.getText();
// 将系统生成的文本内容保存到session中
request.getSession().setAttribute("text", text);
//向浏览器输出图片
vc.output(bi, response.getOutputStream());
}
}
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