MySQL放在select，from，exists（相关子查询）后的子查询

#放在select后面的子查询  仅仅支持标量子查询
#一般可由其他方法代替
#案例：查询每个部门的员工个数
SELECT d.*,COUNT(*)个数
FROM departments d 
INNER JOIN employees e
ON e.department_id=d.department_id
GROUP BY d.department_id;#这样查询不能显示员工个数为零的部门

SELECT d.*,(
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM employees e
WHERE e.department_id=d.department_id) 个数
FROM departments d;

#案例：查询员工号等于102的部门名
SELECT (
SELECT department_name
FROM departments d
INNER JOIN employees e
ON d.department_id=e.department_id 
WHERE e.employee_id=102) 部门名;

#放在from后  即子查询结果充当一张表
#案例：查询每个部门的平均工资的工资等级
SELECT ag_dep.*,grade_level
FROM(
SELECT department_id,AVG(salary) ag
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id) ag_dep #必须起别名
INNER JOIN `job_grades` j
ON ag_dep.ag BETWEEN j.`lowest_sal` AND j.`highest_sal`;


#exists后，（相关子查询）  只关心有没有值 结果1或0
#案例：查询有员工的部门名
SELECT department_name
FROM departments d
WHERE EXISTS(
SELECT * FROM employees e
WHERE d.department_id=e.department_id
);
#可用in改写
SELECT department_name
FROM departments d
WHERE d.department_id IN(
SELECT department_id FROM employees);

#案例：查询没有女朋友的男生信息
USE girls;
SELECT bo.*
FROM boys bo
WHERE NOT EXISTS(
SELECT boyfriend_id
FROM beauty b
WHERE b.boyfriend_id=bo.id);

#in
SELECT *
FROM boys
WHERE id NOT IN(
SELECT DISTINCT boyfriend_id
FROM beauty)



USE myemployees;
#------------------------------------------------------练习-----------------------------------------
#查询和Zlotkey相同部门的员工姓名和工资
SELECT last_name,salary
FROM employees
WHERE department_id =(
SELECT department_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Zlotkey');

#查询工资比公司平均工资高的员工的员工号，姓名，工资
SELECT employee_id,last_name,salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary>(
SELECT AVG(salary)
FROM employees);

#查询各个部门中工资比本部门平均工资高的员工的员工号，姓名，工资
SELECT e.employee_id,e.last_name,e.salary,e.department_id
FROM employees e INNER JOIN 
(SELECT AVG(salary) sal,m.department_id
FROM employees m
GROUP BY m.department_id) av_sal
ON av_sal.department_id = e.department_id
WHERE av_sal.sal<e.salary;

#查询和姓名中包含字母u的员工在相同部门的员工的员工号和姓名
SELECT employee_id ,last_name
FROM employees 
WHERE department_id IN(
SELECT DISTINCT department_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name LIKE '%u%');

#查询在部门的location_id为1700的部门工作的员工的员工号
SELECT employee_id
FROM employees
WHERE department_id IN(
SELECT DISTINCT department_id
FROM departments
WHERE location_id = 1700);

#查询管理者是K_ing的员工姓名和工资
SELECT last_name,salary
FROM employees
WHERE manager_id IN(
SELECT employee_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'K_ing');

#查询工资最高的员工的姓名，要求first_name和last_name显示为一列，列名为 姓.名
SELECT CONCAT(last_name,first_name) '姓.名'
FROM employees
WHERE salary=(
SELECT MAX(salary)
FROM employees);