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(一) 设计模式之建造者模式

解决什么问题

一个对象的属性过多时，创建对象在代码中大量冗余，可能会在代码中去写很多构造函数，造成代码阅读上困难。

具体的实现

Java 可以使用 lombok 提供的 @Builder 注解 来实现构建者模式
手动写建造者模式

/**
* 内部创建静态类类实现 
*/
public class Person {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String gender;
    private String address;
 
    public static class PersonBuilder {
        private String name;
        private int age;
        private String gender;
        private String address;
 
        public PersonBuilder() {
        }
 
        public PersonBuilder setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
            return this;
        }
 
        public PersonBuilder setAge(int age) {
            this.age = age;
            return this;
        }
 
        public PersonBuilder setGender(String gender) {
            this.gender = gender;
            return this;
        }
 
        public PersonBuilder setAddress(String address) {
            this.address = address;
            return this;
        }
 
        public Person build() {
            return new Person(name, age, gender, address);
        }
    }
 
    private Person(String name, int age, String gender, String address) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.address = address;
    }
}