智能aptitude解决常规apt安装包时出现的依赖报错问题
- 1.Linux网络源配置
- 2.智能aptitude解决依赖问题
- 3.安装包时常见的依赖报错问题
- 1.如果遇到“apt安装包报错解决办法:下列软件包有未满足的依赖关系,依赖。。。但是。。。正要被安装”问题
- 2.下列软件包有未满足的依赖关系:libc6-dev : 破坏: binutils (< 2.26) 但是 2.25-5+deb8u1-linx1 正要被安装 E: 错误,pkgProblemResolver::Resolve 发生故障,这可能是有软件包被要求保持现状的缘故。
- 3.E: 有未能满足的依赖关系。请尝试不指明软件包的名字来运行“apt-get -f install”(也可以指定一个解决办法)。
- 4.For more details see logger(1). dpkg: 处理归档 /var/cache/apt/archives/udev_237-3ubuntu10.57_amd64.deb (--unpack)时出错:子进程 新的 pre-installation 脚本 返回错误状态 1 在处理时有错误发生: /var/cache/apt/archives/udev_237-3ubuntu10.57_amd64.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
1.Linux网络源配置
1.切换到root用户后,备份配置文件:cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
2.修改权限:chmod 777 /etc/apt/sources.list
3.修改内容:vi /etc/apt/sources.list
将文件中内容清空,再添加新的软件源地址,常用国内源地址如下:
#阿里源地址
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
#华为源地址
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted
deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universe
#中科大源地址
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#清华源地址
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe ultiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe ultiverse
4.更新系统软件源地址:apt-get update
2.智能aptitude解决依赖问题
使用aptitude安装代替apt-get,aptitude 在处理依赖问题上更加智能:apt-get install aptitude
apt-get命令 | 作用 |
---|---|
sudo apt-get update | 更新源 |
sudo apt-get upgrade | 更新已安装的包 |
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade | 升级系统 |
sudo apt-get install package | 安装包 |
sudo apt-get remove package | 删除包 |
sudo apt-get remove package --purge | 删除包,包括配置文件等 |
apt-cache rdepends package | 查看该包被哪些包依赖 |
apt-cache depends package | 了解使用该包依赖那些包 |
sudo apt-get install package --reinstall | 重新安装包 |
apt-cache search package | 搜索软件包 |
apt-cache show package | 获取包的相关信息,如说明、大小、版本等 |
aptitude命令 | 作用 |
---|---|
sudo aptitude update | 更新可用的包列表 |
sudo aptitude upgrade | 升级可用的包 |
sudo aptitude dist-upgrade | 将系统升级到新的发行版 |
sudo aptitude install pkgname | 安装包 |
sudo aptitude remove pkgname | 删除包 |
sudo aptitude purge pkgname | 删除包及其配置文件 |
sudo aptitude search string | 搜索包 |
sudo aptitude show pkgname | 显示包的详细信息 |
sudo aptitude clean | 删除下载的包文件 |
sudo aptitude autoclean | 仅删除过期的包文件 |
3.安装包时常见的依赖报错问题
1.如果遇到“apt安装包报错解决办法:下列软件包有未满足的依赖关系,依赖。。。但是。。。正要被安装”问题
参考https://blog.csdn.net/qq_19300283/article/details/125252808
2.下列软件包有未满足的依赖关系:libc6-dev : 破坏: binutils (< 2.26) 但是 2.25-5+deb8u1-linx1 正要被安装 E: 错误,pkgProblemResolver::Resolve 发生故障,这可能是有软件包被要求保持现状的缘故。
运行apt install binutils
修复
3.E: 有未能满足的依赖关系。请尝试不指明软件包的名字来运行“apt-get -f install”(也可以指定一个解决办法)。
可以运行:apt-get -f install或apt --fix-broken install
尝试解决
4.For more details see logger(1). dpkg: 处理归档 /var/cache/apt/archives/udev_237-3ubuntu10.57_amd64.deb (–unpack)时出错:子进程 新的 pre-installation 脚本 返回错误状态 1 在处理时有错误发生: /var/cache/apt/archives/udev_237-3ubuntu10.57_amd64.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
可以尝试删除报错的那个文件,然后执行sudo apt-get update
更新软件源,再次执行apt-get -f install
或apt --fix-broken install