js基础之解构赋值

解构赋值在代码中比较常用的一种赋值方式，文档主要记录了函数和对象的解构赋值

1. 数组的解构赋值
   在数组解构中，进行解构赋值的数据必须具有Iterator接口

	let [a, b, c] = [1, 2, 3];
	// a ==>> 1
	// b ==>> 1
	// c ==>> 1

	let [x, y, z] = new Set(['a', 'b', 'c']);
	x ==>> "a"
	
	let [x, ...y] = [1, 2, 3];
	x ==>> 1
	y ==>> [2, 3]

如果解构不成功，变量值为默认值

	let [x, y, ...z] = ['a'];
	x ==>> a
	y ==>> undefined
	z ==>> []

可以设置默认值，只有当一个数组成员严格等于undefined时默认值才能生效

	let [x = 1] = [undefined];
	x ==>> 1

	let [x = 1] = [null];
	x ==>> null

默认值也可以引用解构赋值的其他变量，但该变量必须已经声明

	let [x = 1, y = x] = [];     // x=1; y=1
	let [x = 1, y = x] = [2];    // x=2; y=2
	let [x = 1, y = x] = [1, 2]; // x=1; y=2
	let [x = y, y = 1] = [];     // ReferenceError: y is not defined

2. 对象的解构赋值
   声明的变量必须和属性名相同，才能取到正确的值

	let {bar, foo} = {foo: "a", bar: "b"};
	foo ==>> a
	bar ==>> b

	let { ttt } = {foo: "a"};
	ttt ==>> undefined

自定义变量名

	let { foo: baz } = { foo: "aaa" };
	baz ==>> aaa

嵌套解构赋值

	let obj = {
		p: [
			'Hello',
			{y: 'World'}
		]
	};
	let { p: [x, {y}] } = obj;
	x ==>> "Hello"
	y ==>> "World"