leetcode241. 为运算表达式设计优先级

和归并排序的思很像，先分再治
观察得出表达式可以根据运算符进行分解，
将分解后的答案再根据运算符进行合并
可以使用一个字典保存已经计算过的表达式的值避免重复计算
所有符号都俩俩结合一下再组合

class Solution(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.memo = {}
    def diffWaysToCompute(self, expression):
        """
        :type expression: str
        :rtype: List[int]
        """
        if expression in self.memo:
            return self.memo[expression]
        if expression.isdigit():
            return [int(expression)]
        res = []
        for i,char in enumerate(expression):
            if char in ["+","-","*"]:
                left = self.diffWaysToCompute(expression[:i])
                right = self.diffWaysToCompute(expression[i+1:])
                for a in left:
                    for b in right:
                        if char == "+":
                            res.append(a+b)
                        elif char == "-":
                            res.append(a-b)
                        else:
                            res.append(a*b)
        self.memo[expression] = res
        return res