RabbitMQ学习笔记-第四章、RabbitMQ高级整合应用

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-02 11:24:51 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-02 11:24:51 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44406146/article/details/107164500

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RabbitMQ整合Spring AMQP实战
RabbitMQ整合Spring Boot实战
RabbitMQ整合Spring Cloud实战

4.1RabbitMQ整合Spring AMQP实战

RabbitAdmin
SpringAMQP声明
RabbitTemplate
SimpleMessageListenerContainer
MessageListenerAdapter
MessageConverter

一、RabbitAdmin

RabbitAdmin类可以很好的操作RabbitMQ，在Spring中直接进行注入即可

注意autoStartup必须设置为true，否则Spring容器不会加载RabbitAdmin
然后使用RabbitTemplate的execute方法执行对应的声明、修改、删除等一系列RabbitMQ基础功能操作。如添加一个交换机、删除一个绑定、清空一个队列的消息等等
代码演示

Configuration

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.bfxy.spring.*"})
public class RabbitMQConfig {

	@Bean
	public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory(){
		CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
		connectionFactory.setAddresses("192.168.11.76:5672");
		connectionFactory.setUsername("guest");
		connectionFactory.setPassword("guest");
		connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
		return connectionFactory;
	}
	
	@Bean
	public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
		RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin = new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
		rabbitAdmin.setAutoStartup(true);
		return rabbitAdmin;
	}
}

测试一下

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ApplicationTests {

	@Test
	public void contextLoads() {
	}
	
	@Autowired
	private RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin;
	
	@Test
	public void testAdmin() throws Exception {
		rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new DirectExchange("test.direct", false, false));
		
		rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new TopicExchange("test.topic", false, false));
		
		rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new FanoutExchange("test.fanout", false, false));
		
		rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("test.direct.queue", false));
		
		rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("test.topic.queue", false));
		
		rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("test.fanout.queue", false));
		
		rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(new Binding("test.direct.queue",
				Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE,
				"test.direct", "direct", new HashMap<>()));
		
		rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(
				BindingBuilder
				.bind(new Queue("test.topic.queue", false))		//直接创建队列
				.to(new TopicExchange("test.topic", false, false))	//直接创建交换机 建立关联关系
				.with("user.#"));	//指定路由Key
		
		
		rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(
				BindingBuilder
				.bind(new Queue("test.fanout.queue", false))		
				.to(new FanoutExchange("test.fanout", false, false)));
		
		//清空队列数据
		rabbitAdmin.purgeQueue("test.topic.queue", false);
	}
}

说明

注意autoStartup必须设置为true，否则Spring容器不会加载RabbitAdmin类
RabbitAdmin底层就是从Spring容器中获取Exchange、Binding，RoutingKey以及Queue的Bean声明
然后使用RabbitTemplate的execute方法执行对应的声明、修改删除等一系列RabbitMQ基础功能操作

二、SpringAMQP声明

在Rabbit基础API中声明一个Exchange、声明一个绑定、一个队列
在这里插入图片描述

使用SpringAMQP去声明，就需要使用SpringAMQP的如下模式，即声明@Bean的模式

代码示例

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.bfxy.spring.*"})
public class RabbitMQConfig {
    /**  
     * 针对消费者配置  
     * 1. 设置交换机类型  
     * 2. 将队列绑定到交换机  
        FanoutExchange: 将消息分发到所有的绑定队列，无routingkey的概念  
        HeadersExchange ：通过添加属性key-value匹配  
        DirectExchange:按照routingkey分发到指定队列  
        TopicExchange:多关键字匹配  
     */  
    @Bean  
    public TopicExchange exchange001() {  
        return new TopicExchange("topic001", true, false);  
    }  

    @Bean  
    public Queue queue001() {  
        return new Queue("queue001", true); //队列持久  
    }  
    
    @Bean  
    public Binding binding001() {  
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue001()).to(exchange001()).with("spring.*");  
    }  
    
    @Bean  
    public TopicExchange exchange002() {  
        return new TopicExchange("topic002", true, false);  
    }  
    
    @Bean  
    public Queue queue002() {  
        return new Queue("queue002", true); //队列持久  
    }
    
    @Bean  
    public Binding binding002() {  
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue002()).to(exchange002()).with("rabbit.*");  
    } 
    
    @Bean  
    public Queue queue003() {  
        return new Queue("queue003", true); //队列持久  
    }
    
    @Bean  
    public Binding binding003() {  
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue003()).to(exchange001()).with("mq.*");  
    } 
    
    @Bean  
    public Queue queue_image() {  
        return new Queue("image_queue", true); //队列持久  
    }
    
    @Bean  
    public Queue queue_pdf() {  
        return new Queue("pdf_queue", true); //队列持久  
    }
}

三、消息模板-RabbitTemplate

我们在于SpringAMQP整合时进行发送消息的关键类
该类提供了丰富的发送消息方法，包括可靠性投递消息方法，回调监听消息接口ConfirmCallback，返回值确认接口ReturnCallBack等等。需要先注入到Spring容器中然后使用
在与Spring整合时需要实例化，但是在与SpringBoot整合时在配置文件中添加配置即可

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.bfxy.spring.*"})
public class RabbitMQConfig {
    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
    	RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
    	return rabbitTemplate;
    }
}

测试一波

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ApplicationTests {
@Autowired
	private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
	
	
	@Test
	public void testSendMessage() throws Exception {
		//1 创建消息
		MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
		messageProperties.getHeaders().put("desc", "信息描述..");
		messageProperties.getHeaders().put("type", "自定义消息类型..");
		Message message = new Message("Hello RabbitMQ".getBytes(), messageProperties);
		
		rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topic001", "spring.amqp", message, new MessagePostProcessor() {
			@Override
			public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException {
				System.err.println("------添加额外的设置---------");
				message.getMessageProperties().getHeaders().put("desc", "额外修改的信息描述");
				message.getMessageProperties().getHeaders().put("attr", "额外新加的属性");
				return message;
			}
		});
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testSendMessage2() throws Exception {
		//1 创建消息
		MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
		messageProperties.setContentType("text/plain");
		Message message = new Message("mq 消息1234".getBytes(), messageProperties);
		
		rabbitTemplate.send("topic001", "spring.abc", message);
		
		rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topic001", "spring.amqp", "hello object message send!");
		rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topic002", "rabbit.abc", "hello object message send!");
	}
}

四、SimpleMessageListenerContainer

简单消息监听容器

这个类非常强大、我们可以对他进行很多设置、对于消费者配置项、这个类都可以满足
监听多个队列、自动启动、自动声明功能
设置事务特性、事务管理器、事务属性、事务容量（并发）、是否开启事务。回滚消息等
设置消费者数量、最小最大数量、批量消费
设置消息确认和自动确认模式、是否重回队列、异常捕获handler函数
设置消费者标签生成策略、是否独占模式、消费者属性等
设置具体的监听器、消息转换器等
SimpleMessageListenerContainer可以进行动态设置，比如在运行中的应用可以动态的修改其消费者数量的大小、接收消息的模式等
很多基于RabbitMQ的自制定化后端管控台在进行动态设置的时候、也是根据这一特性去实现的。所以可以看出SpringAMQP非常强大

思考：为什么SimpleMessageListenerContainer为什么可以动态感知配置变更？

代码示例

@Bean
    public SimpleMessageListenerContainer messageContainer(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
    	
    	SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer(connectionFactory);
    	container.setQueues(queue001(), queue002(), queue003(), queue_image(), queue_pdf());
    	container.setConcurrentConsumers(1);
    	container.setMaxConcurrentConsumers(5);
    	//不进行重回队列
    	container.setDefaultRequeueRejected(false);
    	//自动签收
    	container.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.AUTO);
    	container.setExposeListenerChannel(true);
    	//定义消费者标签策略，从网页中channel可以找到Consumer的tag就是我们设置的
    	container.setConsumerTagStrategy(new ConsumerTagStrategy() {
			@Override
			public String createConsumerTag(String queue) {
				return queue + "_" + UUID.randomUUID().toString();
			}
		});
		//如果有消息会进行监听消费
		container.setMessageListener(new ChannelAwareMessageListener() {
			@Override
			public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
				String msg = new String(message.getBody());
				System.err.println("----------消费者: " + msg);
			}
		});

test

@Test
	public void testSendMessage2() throws Exception {
		//1 创建消息
		MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
		messageProperties.setContentType("text/plain");
		Message message = new Message("mq 消息1234".getBytes(), messageProperties);
		
		rabbitTemplate.send("topic001", "spring.abc", message);
		
		rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topic001", "spring.amqp", "hello object message send!");
		rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topic002", "rabbit.abc", "hello object message send!");
	}

启动时就会收到消息

五、MessageListenerAdapter

消息监听适配器

通过messageListenerAdapter的代码我们可以看到如下核心属性
defaultListenerMethod默认监听方法名称：用于设置监听方法名称
Delagate委托对象：实际真实的委托对象，用于处理消息
queueOrTagToMethodName队列标识与方法名称组合的集合，是个map可以把队列和处理方法绑定

    @Bean
    public SimpleMessageListenerContainer messageContainer(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
    	
    	SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer(connectionFactory);
    	container.setQueues(queue001(), queue002(), queue003(), queue_image(), queue_pdf());
    	container.setConcurrentConsumers(1);
    	container.setMaxConcurrentConsumers(5);
    	container.setDefaultRequeueRejected(false);
    	container.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.AUTO);
    	container.setExposeListenerChannel(true);
    	container.setConsumerTagStrategy(new ConsumerTagStrategy() {
			@Override
			public String createConsumerTag(String queue) {
				return queue + "_" + UUID.randomUUID().toString();
			}
		});
    	/** 以前直接对消息进行监听
    	container.setMessageListener(new ChannelAwareMessageListener() {
			@Override
			public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
				String msg = new String(message.getBody());
				System.err.println("----------消费者: " + msg);
			}
		});
    	*/
    	
    	/**现在
    	 * 1 适配器方式. 默认是有自己的方法名字的：handleMessage
    		// 可以自己指定一个方法的名字: consumeMessage
    		// 也可以添加一个转换器: 从字节数组转换为String*/
    	MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate());
    	//这里自定义处理方法，否则默认是handleMessage
    	adapter.setDefaultListenerMethod("consumeMessage");
    	//如果不设置转换器，consumeMessage参数必须是字节数组
    	adapter.setMessageConverter(new TextMessageConverter());
    	container.setMessageListener(adapter);

MessageDelegate

public class MessageDelegate {

	public void handleMessage(byte[] messageBody) {
		System.err.println("默认方法, 消息内容:" + new String(messageBody));
	}
	
	public void consumeMessage(byte[] messageBody) {
		System.err.println("字节数组方法, 消息内容:" + new String(messageBody));
	}
	
	public void consumeMessage(String messageBody) {
		System.err.println("字符串方法, 消息内容:" + messageBody);
	}
	
	public void method1(String messageBody) {
		System.err.println("method1 收到消息内容:" + new String(messageBody));
	}
	
	public void method2(String messageBody) {
		System.err.println("method2 收到消息内容:" + new String(messageBody));
	}
	
	
	public void consumeMessage(Map messageBody) {
		System.err.println("map方法, 消息内容:" + messageBody);
	}
	
	
	public void consumeMessage(Order order) {
		System.err.println("order对象, 消息内容, id: " + order.getId() + 
				", name: " + order.getName() + 
				", content: "+ order.getContent());
	}
	
	public void consumeMessage(Packaged pack) {
		System.err.println("package对象, 消息内容, id: " + pack.getId() + 
				", name: " + pack.getName() + 
				", content: "+ pack.getDescription());
	}
	
	public void consumeMessage(File file) {
		System.err.println("文件对象 方法, 消息内容:" + file.getName());
	}
}

TextMessageConverter

public class TextMessageConverter implements MessageConverter {

	@Override
	public Message toMessage(Object object, MessageProperties messageProperties) throws MessageConversionException {
		return new Message(object.toString().getBytes(), messageProperties);
	}

	@Override
	public Object fromMessage(Message message) throws MessageConversionException {
		String contentType = message.getMessageProperties().getContentType();
		if(null != contentType && contentType.contains("text")) {
			return new String(message.getBody());
		}
		return message.getBody();
	}
}

第二种适配器方式

前边代码略
/**
    	 * 2 适配器方式: 我们的队列名称 和 方法名称 也可以进行一一的匹配
    	 * */
    	MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate());
    	adapter.setMessageConverter(new TextMessageConverter());
    	Map<String, String> queueOrTagToMethodName = new HashMap<>();
    	queueOrTagToMethodName.put("queue001", "method1");
    	queueOrTagToMethodName.put("queue002", "method2");
    	adapter.setQueueOrTagToMethodName(queueOrTagToMethodName);
    	container.setMessageListener(adapter);

六、 MessageConverter

消息转换器

我们进行发送消息的时候，正常情况下消息体为二进制的数据方法进行传输，如果希望内部帮助我们进行转换，或者指定自定义转换器，就需要用到MessageConverter
自定义常用转换器MessageConverter一般都需要实现这个接口，重写两个方法，toMessage（java对象转换成Message）和fromMessage（message转换成java对象）

MessageConverter消息转换器

Json转换器：Jackson2JsonMessageConverter可以进行java对象的转换功能
DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper映射器：可以进行Java对象的映射关系
自定义二进制转换器：比如图片类型、PDE、PPT、流媒体

代码示例
entity

public class Order {

	private String id;
	
	private String name;
	
	private String content;

public class Packaged {

	private String id;
	
	private String name;
	
	private String description;

转化器

// 1.1 支持json格式的转换器
     
        MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate());
        //这里由于Converter的作用会找参数为Map的方法
        adapter.setDefaultListenerMethod("consumeMessage");
        
        Jackson2JsonMessageConverter jackson2JsonMessageConverter = new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
        adapter.setMessageConverter(jackson2JsonMessageConverter);
        
        container.setMessageListener(adapter);

test

@Test
	public void testSendJsonMessage() throws Exception {
		
		Order order = new Order();
		order.setId("001");
		order.setName("消息订单");
		order.setContent("描述信息");
		ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
		String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(order);
		System.err.println("order 4 json: " + json);
		
		MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
		//这里注意一定要修改contentType为 application/json
		messageProperties.setContentType("application/json");
		Message message = new Message(json.getBytes(), messageProperties);
		
		rabbitTemplate.send("topic001", "spring.order", message);
	}

再来一个

        // 1.2 DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper & Jackson2JsonMessageConverter 支持java对象转换
        /***/
        MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate());
        adapter.setDefaultListenerMethod("consumeMessage");
        
        Jackson2JsonMessageConverter jackson2JsonMessageConverter = new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
        
        DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper javaTypeMapper = new DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper();
        //这样处理方法参数可以为对象 比如Order
        jackson2JsonMessageConverter.setJavaTypeMapper(javaTypeMapper);
        
        adapter.setMessageConverter(jackson2JsonMessageConverter);
        container.setMessageListener(adapter);

	@Test
	public void testSendJavaMessage() throws Exception {
		
		Order order = new Order();
		order.setId("001");
		order.setName("订单消息");
		order.setContent("订单描述信息");
		ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
		String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(order);
		System.err.println("order 4 json: " + json);
		
		MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
		//这里注意一定要修改contentType为 application/json
		messageProperties.setContentType("application/json");
		messageProperties.getHeaders().put("__TypeId__", "com.bfxy.spring.entity.Order");
		Message message = new Message(json.getBytes(), messageProperties);
		
		rabbitTemplate.send("topic001", "spring.order", message);
	}

再来一个

 //1.3 DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper & Jackson2JsonMessageConverter 支持java对象多映射转换
        /***/
        MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate());
        adapter.setDefaultListenerMethod("consumeMessage");
        Jackson2JsonMessageConverter jackson2JsonMessageConverter = new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
        DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper javaTypeMapper = new DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper();
        
        Map<String, Class<?>> idClassMapping = new HashMap<String, Class<?>>();
        //类的名称和全限定类名，这样发送的时候就可以只指定标签不指定全路径了
		idClassMapping.put("order", com.bfxy.spring.entity.Order.class);
		idClassMapping.put("packaged", com.bfxy.spring.entity.Packaged.class);
		
		javaTypeMapper.setIdClassMapping(idClassMapping);
		
		jackson2JsonMessageConverter.setJavaTypeMapper(javaTypeMapper);
        adapter.setMessageConverter(jackson2JsonMessageConverter);
        container.setMessageListener(adapter);

test

    @Test
	public void testSendMappingMessage() throws Exception {
		
		ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
		
		Order order = new Order();
		order.setId("001");
		order.setName("订单消息");
		order.setContent("订单描述信息");
		
		String json1 = mapper.writeValueAsString(order);
		System.err.println("order 4 json: " + json1);
		
		MessageProperties messageProperties1 = new MessageProperties();
		//这里注意一定要修改contentType为 application/json
		messageProperties1.setContentType("application/json");
		//这里就没有天全限定类名了
		messageProperties1.getHeaders().put("__TypeId__", "order");
		Message message1 = new Message(json1.getBytes(), messageProperties1);
		rabbitTemplate.send("topic001", "spring.order", message1);
		
		Packaged pack = new Packaged();
		pack.setId("002");
		pack.setName("包裹消息");
		pack.setDescription("包裹描述信息");
		
		String json2 = mapper.writeValueAsString(pack);
		System.err.println("pack 4 json: " + json2);

		MessageProperties messageProperties2 = new MessageProperties();
		//这里注意一定要修改contentType为 application/json
		messageProperties2.setContentType("application/json");
		messageProperties2.getHeaders().put("__TypeId__", "packaged");
		Message message2 = new Message(json2.getBytes(), messageProperties2);
		rabbitTemplate.send("topic001", "spring.pack", message2);
	}

再来一个全局转换器

//1.4 ext convert
        
        MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate());
        adapter.setDefaultListenerMethod("consumeMessage");
        
        //全局的转换器:
		ContentTypeDelegatingMessageConverter convert = new ContentTypeDelegatingMessageConverter();
		
		TextMessageConverter textConvert = new TextMessageConverter();
		convert.addDelegate("text", textConvert);
		convert.addDelegate("html/text", textConvert);
		convert.addDelegate("xml/text", textConvert);
		convert.addDelegate("text/plain", textConvert);
		
		Jackson2JsonMessageConverter jsonConvert = new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
		convert.addDelegate("json", jsonConvert);
		convert.addDelegate("application/json", jsonConvert);
		
		ImageMessageConverter imageConverter = new ImageMessageConverter();
		convert.addDelegate("image/png", imageConverter);
		convert.addDelegate("image", imageConverter);
		
		PDFMessageConverter pdfConverter = new PDFMessageConverter();
		convert.addDelegate("application/pdf", pdfConverter);
        
		
		adapter.setMessageConverter(convert);
		container.setMessageListener(adapter);

public class ImageMessageConverter implements MessageConverter {

	@Override
	public Message toMessage(Object object, MessageProperties messageProperties) throws MessageConversionException {
		throw new MessageConversionException(" convert error ! ");
	}

	@Override
	public Object fromMessage(Message message) throws MessageConversionException {
		System.err.println("-----------Image MessageConverter----------");
		
		Object _extName = message.getMessageProperties().getHeaders().get("extName");
		String extName = _extName == null ? "png" : _extName.toString();
		
		byte[] body = message.getBody();
		String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
		String path = "d:/010_test/" + fileName + "." + extName;
		File f = new File(path);
		try {
			Files.copy(new ByteArrayInputStream(body), f.toPath());
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return f;
	}

}

public class PDFMessageConverter implements MessageConverter {

	@Override
	public Message toMessage(Object object, MessageProperties messageProperties) throws MessageConversionException {
		throw new MessageConversionException(" convert error ! ");
	}

	@Override
	public Object fromMessage(Message message) throws MessageConversionException {
		System.err.println("-----------PDF MessageConverter----------");
		
		byte[] body = message.getBody();
		String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
		String path = "d:/010_test/" + fileName + ".pdf";
		File f = new File(path);
		try {
			Files.copy(new ByteArrayInputStream(body), f.toPath());
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return f;
	}

}

test

@Test
	public void testSendExtConverterMessage() throws Exception {
//			byte[] body = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get("d:/002_books", "picture.png"));
//			MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
//			messageProperties.setContentType("image/png");
//			messageProperties.getHeaders().put("extName", "png");
//			Message message = new Message(body, messageProperties);
//			rabbitTemplate.send("", "image_queue", message);
		
			byte[] body = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get("d:/002_books", "mysql.pdf"));
			MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
			messageProperties.setContentType("application/pdf");
			Message message = new Message(body, messageProperties);
			rabbitTemplate.send("", "pdf_queue", message);
	}

发送消息–>converter转换格式–>使用相应代理方法处理

4.2SpringBoot整合实战

一、生产者

application配置

spring.rabbitmq.addresses=192.168.11.76:5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000
#用到消息确认模式
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true
#用到返回模式
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true
#这个保证监听有效否则找不到路由键消息会被删除
spring.rabbitmq.template.mandatory=true

配置类

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.bfxy.springboot.*"})
public class MainConfig {

}

发送者

@Component
public class RabbitSender {

	//自动注入RabbitTemplate模板类
	@Autowired
	private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;  
	
	//回调函数: confirm确认
	final ConfirmCallback confirmCallback = new RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback() {
		@Override
		public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) {
			System.err.println("correlationData: " + correlationData);
			System.err.println("ack: " + ack);
			if(!ack){
				System.err.println("异常处理....");
			}
		}
	};
	
	//回调函数: return返回 没有找到队列的时候走这
	final ReturnCallback returnCallback = new RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback() {
		@Override
		public void returnedMessage(org.springframework.amqp.core.Message message, int replyCode, String replyText,
				String exchange, String routingKey) {
			System.err.println("return exchange: " + exchange + ", routingKey: " 
				+ routingKey + ", replyCode: " + replyCode + ", replyText: " + replyText);
		}
	};
	
	//发送消息方法调用: 构建Message消息
	public void send(Object message, Map<String, Object> properties) throws Exception {
		MessageHeaders mhs = new MessageHeaders(properties);
		Message msg = MessageBuilder.createMessage(message, mhs);
		rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(confirmCallback);
		rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(returnCallback);
		//id + 时间戳 全局唯一 这样上边confirm就能读到这个correlationData 
		CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData("1234567890");
		rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange-1", "springboot.abc", msg, correlationData);
	}
	
	//发送消息方法调用: 构建自定义对象消息
	public void sendOrder(Order order) throws Exception {
		rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(confirmCallback);
		rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(returnCallback);
		//id + 时间戳 全局唯一 
		CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData("0987654321");
		rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange-2", "springboot.def", order, correlationData);
	}
	
}

publisher-confirms,实现一个监听器用于监听Broker端给我们返回的确认请求：RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallBack
publisher-returns,保证消息对Broker端时可达的，如果出现路由键不可达的情况，则使用监听器对不可达的消息进行后续的处理，保证消息的路由成功：RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallBack
注意，在发送消息的时候对template进行配置mandatory=true保证监听有效
生产端还可以配置其他属性、比如发送重试、超时时间、次数间隔等

二、消费者

配置

spring.rabbitmq.addresses=192.168.11.76:5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000
#手动签收
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode=manual
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.concurrency=5
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.max-concurrency=10
#自定义配置 代码中用${}获取
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name=queue-2
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name=exchange-2
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type=topic
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key=springboot.*

首先配置手工确认迷失，用于ACK的手工处理，这样我们可以保证消息的可靠性送达，或者在消费端消费失败的时候可以做到重回队列，根据业务记录日志等处理

@RabbitListener注解使用

消费端监听@RabbitMQListener注解，这个对于在实际工作中非常好用
@RabbitListener是一个组合注解、里面可以注解配置
@QueueBinding，@Queue、@Exchange直接通过这个组合注解一次性搞定消费端交换机、队列、绑定、路由、并且配置监听功能

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.bfxy.springboot.*"})
public class MainConfig {

}

@Component
public class RabbitReceiver {

	
	@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
			value = @Queue(value = "queue-1", 
			durable="true"),
			exchange = @Exchange(value = "exchange-1", 
			durable="true", 
			type= "topic", 
			ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true"),
			key = "springboot.*"
			)
	)
	@RabbitHandler
	public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
		System.err.println("--------------------------------------");
		System.err.println("消费端Payload: " + message.getPayload());
		Long deliveryTag = (Long)message.getHeaders().get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG);
		//手工ACK，false指不批量操作
		channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false);
	}

根据配置文件动态设置参数（以接收对象为例）

public class Order implements Serializable {

	private String id;
	private String name;

/**
	 * 
	 * 	spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name=queue-2
		spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable=true
		spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name=exchange-1
		spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable=true
		spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type=topic
		spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions=true
		spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key=springboot.*
	 * @param order
	 * @param channel
	 * @param headers
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
			value = @Queue(value = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name}", 
			durable="${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable}"),
			exchange = @Exchange(value = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name}", 
			durable="${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable}", 
			type= "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type}", 
			ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions}"),
			key = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key}"
			)
	)
	@RabbitHandler
	public void onOrderMessage(@Payload com.bfxy.springboot.entity.Order order, 
			Channel channel, 
			@Headers Map<String, Object> headers) throws Exception {
		System.err.println("--------------------------------------");
		System.err.println("消费端order: " + order.getId());
		Long deliveryTag = (Long)headers.get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG);
		//手工ACK
		channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false);
	}

一年而已

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RabbitMQ学习笔记-第四章、RabbitMQ高级整合应用

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