为什么Controller层能调用service层和dao层的bean

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * Application Lifecycle Listener implementation class SpringListener
 *
 */
public class SpringListener implements ServletContextListener {

    /**
     * Default constructor. 
     */
    public SpringListener() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    /**
     * @see ServletContextListener#contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent)
     */
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0)  { 
         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    }

    /**
     * @see ServletContextListener#contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent)
     */
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce)  { 
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
        ServletContext servletContext = sce.getServletContext();
        servletContext.setAttribute("ac", ac);
    }
    
}

在监听器加载Spring配置文件时，在ServletContext中绑定ApplicationContext对象，从而能够在控制层中使用Spring管理的bean。