SSH框架的搭建和基本使用

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-05 09:18:37 发布

bwzdxl

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-05 09:18:37 发布

阅读量268

点赞数

分类专栏： Spring MVC

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44473902/article/details/105102885

版权

Spring MVC 专栏收录该内容

2 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

所谓的SSH框架就是Spring MVC+Spring+Hibernate。
本文是在上一篇“Spring MVC基础使用总结”基础上进行的。

一、Spring MVC和spring集成

spring和spring mvc其实是一个东西，在spring官网上，这两个在一个地方。

1、更改配置文件web.xml

（1）添加springframework的监听

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

（2）将原来配置在servlet中的配置文件位置拎出来单独配置

①之前

<servlet>
   <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
   <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <init-param>
         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
         <param-value>classpath*:config/springAnnotation-servlet.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
   <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

②之后

<context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath*:config/springAnnotation-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
    <!--......-->
</listener>

<servlet>
   <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
   <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>

2、创建基于spring的三层框架

（1）接口层

ISpring.java

package com.tgb.web.controller.annotation;

public interface ISpring {

	public String get();
}

（2）新建springManager.java实现ISpring.java接口

package com.tgb.web.controller.annotation;

public class SpringManager implements ISpring {

   @Override
   public String get() {
      System.out.println("------I am springManager----");
      return "I am getMethod";
   }
}

（3）新建配置文件，配置springManager的信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd" [
<!ENTITY contextInclude SYSTEM "org/springframework/web/context/WEB-INF/contextInclude.xml">
]>
<!--注册springManager组件-->
<beans>
   <bean id="springManager" class="com.tgb.web.controller.annotation.SpringManager"></bean>
</beans>

（4）新建controller调用springManager的get方法

package com.tgb.web.controller.annotation;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class SpringController {

    //使用注解获取bean
   @Resource(name="springManager")
   private ISpring springManager;
   
   @RequestMapping("/spring/get")
   public String get(){
      System.out.println(springManager.get());
      return "/success";
   }
}

二、集成hibernate

1、全局配置文件-SpringAnnotation-hibernate.xml

（1）配置数据源信息

<!--配置数据源信息-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
   <property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>
   <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:ORCL"/>
   <property name="userName" value="spring"/>
   <property name="password" value="spring"/>
</bean>

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
   <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
   <property name="hibernateProperties">
      <!--配置hibernate的方言-->
      <props>
         <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10Dialect</prop>
         <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> 
               <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
               <prop key="hiberante.format_sql">true</prop>
      </props>
   </property>
   <!--加载配置文件-->
   <property name="configLocations">
      <list>
         <value>
            classpath*:com/tgb/web/controller/hibernate/hibernate.cfg.test.xml
         </value>
      </list>
   </property>
</bean>

最后加载配置文件，是加载hibernate自己的配置文件，hibernate自己的配置文件中，配置了对实体类的映射。
hibernate-cfg.xml

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <!--只需要加载spring实体类的路径即可，其他的关于hibernate的配置在SpringAnnotation-hibernate.xml中配置-->
        <mapping class="com.tgb.web.controller.entity.User"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

（2）拦截事务配置

<!--拦截事务配置-->
<!--数据源和代理机制配置-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
   <!--指定管理哪个session-->
   <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>

<!--事务特性描述配置-->
<bean id="transactionBase" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
   <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
   <!--配置在什么情况下开启事务-->
   <property name="transactionAttributes">
      <props>
         <!--PROPAGATION_REQUIRED表示支持当前事务，如果当前没有事务，则新建一个事务-->
         <!-- -Exception表示有异常抛出时，事务回滚，-代表回滚，+代表提交-->
         <!--PROPAGATION_NEVER表示以非事务的方式执行，如果当前存在事务，则抛出异常-->
         <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
         <prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
         <prop key="insert*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
         <prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
         <prop key="delete*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
         <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_NEVER</prop>
      </props>
   </property>
</bean>

三、SSH框架的代码结构

1、entity层

（1）User.java

package com.tgb.web.controller.entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

@Entity
@Table(name="T_USER")
public class User {
   
   @Id
   @GeneratedValue(generator = "system-uuid")  
    @GenericGenerator(name = "system-uuid", strategy = "uuid") 
    @Column(length=32)
   private String id;
   
   @Column(length=32)
   private String userName;
   
   @Column(length=32)
   private String age;

   public String getUserName() {
      return userName;
   }

   public void setUserName(String userName) {
      this.userName = userName;
   }

   public String getAge() {
      return age;
   }

   public void setAge(String age) {
      this.age = age;
   }
   
   public String getId() {
      return id;
   }

   public void setId(String id) {
      this.id = id;
   }
}

2、Dao层

（1）接口类：IUserDao.java

package com.tgb.web.controller.dao;

import java.util.List;

import com.tgb.web.controller.entity.User;

public interface IUserDAO {

   public void addUser(User user);
}

（2）数据库操作类（具体实现类）：UserDAO.java

package com.tgb.web.controller.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import com.tgb.web.controller.entity.User;

public class UserDAO implements IUserDAO  {

   //有了sessionFactory就可以去操作数据库了
   private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
   
   public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
      this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
   }

   @Override
   public void addUser(User user) {
      //getCurrentSession()拿到当前的session，若没有的话，hibernate会自动创建一个
      //拿到的session才可以去操作数据库，调用save(user)方法，就可以吧user存储到数据库中。
      sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);
   }
}

3、Service层

（1）接口类IUserManager.java

package com.tgb.web.controller.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.tgb.web.controller.entity.User;

public interface IUserManager {

   public void addUser(User user);
}

（2）具体实现类UserManager.java

package com.tgb.web.controller.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.tgb.web.controller.dao.IUserDAO;
import com.tgb.web.controller.entity.User;

public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
   //将Dao层的userDao注入进来
   private IUserDAO userDao;
   
   public void setUserDao(IUserDAO userDao) {
      this.userDao = userDao;
   }

   @Override
   public void addUser(User user) {
      userDao.addUser(user);
   }
}

4、UserController

package com.tgb.web.controller;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

   //注入userManager
   @Resource(name="userManager")
   private IUserManager userManager;
   
   @RequestMapping("/toAddUser")
   public String toAddUser(){
      return "/addUser";
   }
   
   @RequestMapping("/addUser")
   public String addUser(User user){
      
      userManager.addUser(user);
      
      return "/success";
   }
}

5、配置类

（1）springAnnotation-servlet.xml

全局配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
     <!-- 注解扫描包 -->
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.tgb.web.controller" />
   <!-- 开启注解 -->
   
   <mvc:annotation-driven/>
   
   <!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"></bean> -->
   <!-- 静态资源访问 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**"/>  
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>   
   

   <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
      <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
   </bean>
   
   <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
         <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
         <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
   </bean>
 </beans>

（2）对hibernate的配置

springAnnotation-hibernate.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd" [
<!ENTITY contextInclude SYSTEM "org/springframework/web/context/WEB-INF/contextInclude.xml">
]>

<beans>
   <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
      <property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>
      <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:ORCL"/>
      <property name="username" value="spring"/>
      <property name="password" value="spring"/>
   </bean>
   
   <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
      <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
      <property name="hibernateProperties">
         <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> 
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
                <prop key="hiberante.format_sql">true</prop>
         </props>
      </property>
      <property name="configLocations">
         <list>
            <value>
               classpath*:com/tgb/web/controller/hibernate/hibernate.cfg.test.xml
            </value>
         </list>
      </property>
   </bean>
   
   <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
      <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
   </bean>
   
   <bean id="transactionBese" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
      <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
      <property name="transactionAttributes">
         <props>
            <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
            <prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
            <prop key="insert*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
            <prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
            <prop key="delete*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
            <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_NEVER</prop>
         </props>
      </property>
   </bean>
</beans>

（3）hibernate与表对应关系

hibernate.cfg.test.xml

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <mapping class="com.tgb.web.controller.entity.User"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

（4）spring中注册的组件

springAnnotation-import.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd" [
<!ENTITY contextInclude SYSTEM "org/springframework/web/context/WEB-INF/contextInclude.xml">
]>

<beans>
   <bean id="userDao" class="com.tgb.web.controller.dao.UserDAO">
      <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
   </bean>

   <!--配置service层的bean-->
   <bean id="userManagerBase" class="com.tgb.web.controller.service.UserManager">
      <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
   </bean>

   <!--注册userManager，继承事务，返回一个userManagerBase的类-->
   <!--进行这样配置后，一个事务对应着一个类-->
   <bean id="userManager" parent="transactionBese">
      <property name="target" ref="userManagerBase"></property>
   </bean>
   
</beans>

（5）在全局配置文件中将spring注册组件的配置注入

springAnnotation-core.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd" [
<!ENTITY contextInclude SYSTEM "org/springframework/web/context/WEB-INF/contextInclude.xml">
]>

<beans>
   <import resource="classpath*:com/tgb/web/controller/spring/springAnnotation-import.xml"/>
</beans>

6、web.xml文件中注入config包下的三个配置文件

web.xml

<context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath*:config/springAnnotation-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

7、jsp页面

addUser.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.7.1.min.js"></script>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
   function addUser(){
      var form = document.forms[0];
      form.action="/springMVC11/user/addUser";
      form.method="post";
      form.submit();
   }
</script>
</head>
<body>
   <h>添加用户</h>
   <form name="userForm" action="">
      姓名：<input type="text" name="userName">
      年龄：<input type="text" name="age">

      <input type="button" value="添加" onclick="addUser()">

   </form>
</body>
</html>

8、项目目录树

SSH框架目录树

四、示例：SSH框架实现查询

1、dao层

（1）IUserDAO中加入查询接口

package com.tgb.web.controller.dao;
public interface IUserDAO {
   public List<User> getAllUser();
}

（2）UserDAO中实现该接口

使用了hql语句查询

package com.tgb.web.controller.dao;

public class UserDAO implements IUserDAO  {
   //有了sessionFactory就可以去操作数据库了
   private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
   
   public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
      this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
   }
   @Override
   public List<User> getAllUser() {
       //使用HQL语句查询，方便快捷
      String hql = "from User";
      Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
      return query.list();
   }
}

2、service层

（1）IUserManager中加入查询接口

package com.tgb.web.controller.service;
public interface IUserManager {
   public List<User> getAllUser();
}

（2）UserManager中调用UserDAO的方法

package com.tgb.web.controller.service;
public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
   //将Dao层的userDao注入进来
   private IUserDAO userDao;
   
   public void setUserDao(IUserDAO userDao) {
      this.userDao = userDao;
   }

   @Override
   public List<User> getAllUser() {
      return userDao.getAllUser();
   }
}

3、controller中建立页面与方法的关系

package com.tgb.web.controller;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

   //注入userManager
   @Resource(name="userManager")
   private IUserManager userManager;
   
   @RequestMapping("/getAllUser")
   public String getAllUser(HttpServletRequest request){
      List<User> user = userManager.getAllUser();
      request.setAttribute("user", user);
      return "/userManager";
   }
}

4、编写查询所有用户的页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.7.1.min.js"></script>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">

</script>
</head>
<body>
   
   <table border="1">
      <tbody>
         <tr>
            <th>姓名</th>
            <th>年龄</th>
         </tr>
         <c:if test="${!empty user }">
         <c:forEach items="${user }" var="u">
         <tr>
             <!--显示姓名和年龄-->
            <td>${u.userName }</td>
            <td>${u.age }</td>
         </tr>
         </c:forEach>
         </c:if>
      </tbody>
   </table>
</body>
</html>

5、配置文件加入配置

web.xml

<filter>
      <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
      <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
   <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
   <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

五、总结

SSH框架分了这么多层，在开发时要把每个层的职责搞清楚，在对应的层写对应的代码，这样写出的代码才真正符合MVC设计理念。
1、JSP页面这些前端逻辑，不写数据处理逻辑；
2、controller页面主要负责页面与方法的定向，连接View和Model，当然有些判断可以在controller端实现，比如，一个用户登录功能，用户填写用户名和密码后点击登录，controller可以判断用户名是否为空、密码长度是否符合规则等这种原则性的规定是否符合。
3、service层是实现业务逻辑的关键层，它负责将前端的需求拆分成对数据库的增删改查，然后调用DAO层的增删改查方法；
4、Dao层只实现比较基本的增删改查，复杂的逻辑交给service去实现；
5、Entity层就是简单的创建javaBean，然后是get和set方法。

bwzdxl

关注

0
点赞
踩
1

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
0
评论
SSH框架的搭建和基本使用

所谓的SSH框架就是Spring MVC+Spring+Hibernate。本文是在上一篇“Spring MVC基础使用总结”基础上进行的。一、Spring MVC和spring集成spring和spring mvc其实是一个东西，在spring官网上，这两个在一个地方。1、更改配置文件web.xml（1）添加springframework的监听<listener> ...
复制链接

扫一扫

专栏目录