文章目录
- 1. lim x → 0 ( 2 + e 1 x 1 + e 4 x + s i n x ∣ x ∣ ) = 1 \lim_{x\rightarrow0}(\frac{2+e^\frac{1}{x}}{1+e^\frac{4}{x}} + \frac{sinx}{|x|})=1 limx→0(1+ex42+ex1+∣x∣sinx)=1
- 2. 设 0 < a < b < c 0<a<b<c 0<a<b<c,求极限 l i m n → ∞ a n + b n + c n n lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\sqrt[n]{a^n+b^n+c^n} limn→∞nan+bn+cn
- 3. 在什么条件下,矩阵 ( a b c d ) \begin{pmatrix} a &b\\ c & d \end{pmatrix} (acbd)存在逆矩阵?并求出逆矩阵。
1. lim x → 0 ( 2 + e 1 x 1 + e 4 x + s i n x ∣ x ∣ ) = 1 \lim_{x\rightarrow0}(\frac{2+e^\frac{1}{x}}{1+e^\frac{4}{x}} + \frac{sinx}{|x|})=1 limx→0(1+ex42+ex1+∣x∣sinx)=1
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\lim_{x\rightarrow0^+}(\frac{2+e^\frac{1}{x}}{1+e^\frac{4}{x}}+\frac{sinx}{|x|})=\lim_{x\rightarrow0^+}\frac{2+e^\frac{1}{x}}{1+e^\frac{4}{x}}+\lim_{x\rightarrow0^+}\frac{sinx}{|x|} \\ \quad \\ \\ =\lim_{x\rightarrow0^+}\frac{2e\frac{-4}{x}+e^\frac{-3}{x}}{e^\frac{-4}{x}+1}+\lim_{x\rightarrow0^+}\frac{sinx}{x} \\ \quad \\ \\ =\lim_{x\rightarrow0^+}\frac{2e\frac{-4}{x}+e^\frac{-3}{x}}{e^\frac{-4}{x}+1}+\lim_{x\rightarrow0^+}\frac{sinx}{x}=0+1 =1
x→0+lim(1+ex42+ex1+∣x∣sinx)=x→0+lim1+ex42+ex1+x→0+lim∣x∣sinx=x→0+limex−4+12ex−4+ex−3+x→0+limxsinx=x→0+limex−4+12ex−4+ex−3+x→0+limxsinx=0+1=1
lim x → 0 − ( 2 + e 1 x 1 + e 4 x + s i n x ∣ x ∣ ) = lim x → 0 − 2 + e 1 x 1 + e 4 x − lim x → 0 − s i n x x = 2 − 1 = 1 \lim_{x\rightarrow0^-}(\frac{2+e^\frac{1}{x}}{1+e^\frac{4}{x}}+\frac{sinx}{|x|}) \\ \quad \\ \\ =\lim_{x\rightarrow0^-}\frac{2+e^\frac{1}{x}}{1+e^\frac{4}{x}}-\lim_{x\rightarrow0^-}\frac{sinx}{x} =2-1=1 x→0−lim(1+ex42+ex1+∣x∣sinx)=x→0−lim1+ex42+ex1−x→0−limxsinx=2−1=1
2. 设 0 < a < b < c 0<a<b<c 0<a<b<c,求极限 l i m n → ∞ a n + b n + c n n lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\sqrt[n]{a^n+b^n+c^n} limn→∞nan+bn+cn
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0<a<b<c,所以 3c^n>a^n+b^n+c^n>c^n \\ \quad \\ \lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\sqrt[n]{c^n} = c, \quad \lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\sqrt[n]{3c^n} = c
0<a<b<c,所以3cn>an+bn+cn>cnn→∞limncn=c,n→∞limn3cn=c
由 夹逼定理 可知 l i m n → ∞ a n + b n + c n n = c lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\sqrt[n]{a^n+b^n+c^n} = c limn→∞nan+bn+cn=c
3. 在什么条件下,矩阵 ( a b c d ) \begin{pmatrix} a &b\\ c & d \end{pmatrix} (acbd)存在逆矩阵?并求出逆矩阵。
解:设矩阵
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A=\begin{pmatrix} a &b\\ c & d \end{pmatrix}, 则|A| = \begin{vmatrix} a &b\\ c & d \end{vmatrix}=ad-bc.
A=(acbd),则∣A∣=∣∣∣∣acbd∣∣∣∣=ad−bc.
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AD-BC\neq0, 则矩阵A可逆.
AD−BC=0,则矩阵A可逆.
有 A ∗ = ( A 11 A 21 A 12 A 22 ) = ( d − b − c a ) . 有A^*=\begin{pmatrix} A_{11} & A_{21}\\ A_{12} & A_{22}\end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} d & -b\\ -c & a\end{pmatrix}. 有A∗=(A11A12A21A22)=(d−c−ba).
因 此 , A − 1 = A ∗ ∣ A ∣ = 1 a d − b c ( d − b − c a ) . 因此, A^{-1} = \frac{A^*}{|A|} = \frac{1}{ad-bc} \begin{pmatrix} d & -b\\-c&a\end{pmatrix}. 因此,A−1=∣A∣A∗=ad−bc1(d−c−ba).