shell正则表达式sed综合示例

1、删除/etc/grub2.conf文件中所有以空白开头的行行首的空白字符

[root@servera sed]# sed 's/^[[:space:]]//' grub2.conf 
# these have execstack, and break under selinux
-b /usr/bin/grub2-script-check
-b /usr/bin/grub2-mkrelpath
-b /usr/bin/grub2-fstest
-b /usr/sbin/grub2-bios-setup
-b /usr/sbin/grub2-probe
-b /usr/sbin/grub2-sparc64-setup

2、删除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#开头，后面至少跟一个空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符

[root@servera sed]# sed 's/^#[[:space:]]*//' fstab 

/etc/fstab
Created by anaconda on Wed Jun  1 13:14:18 2022

Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.

After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
units generated from this file.

/dev/mapper/rhel-root   /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=03cbb3fe-dbd3-4721-8b02-d023983101af /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap   none                    swap    defaults        0 0

3、在/root/install.log每一行行首增加#号

[root@servera sed]# sed 's/^.*$/#/' /root/install.log
#
#
#
#

4、在/etc/fstab文件中不以#开头的行的行首增加#号

[root@servera sed]# sed 's/^[^#]/#&/' fstab 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed Jun  1 13:14:18 2022
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
#/dev/mapper/rhel-root   /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
#UUID=03cbb3fe-dbd3-4721-8b02-d023983101af /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
#/dev/mapper/rhel-swap   none                    swap    defaults        0 0
[root@servera sed]#

5、利用sed取出ifconfig命令中本机的IPv4地址

[root@servera sed]# ifconfig | sed -n '2p' | sed -r "s/.*inet[[:space:]]*//" | sed -r "s/[[:space:]]*netmask.*//"
192.168.10.135
-r: 读入文件内容追加到匹配行后面

6、关闭本机SELinux的功能

[root@servera sed]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@servera sed]# systemctl is-active selinux
inactive
-i: 直接生效

7、在/etc/hosts配置文件中添加内容

[root@servera sed]# sed 's/$/serverc/g' /etc/hosts
192.168.10.135 serveraserverc
192.168.10.136 serverbserverc
$:在行后添加内容，g：全局有效
    
[root@servera sed]# sed 's/^/serverc/g' /etc/hosts
serverc192.168.10.135 servera
serverc192.168.10.136 serverb
^:在行首添加内容，g全局有效

[root@servera sed]# sed '2 s/^/serverc/' /etc/hosts
192.168.10.135 servera
serverc192.168.10.136 serverb
2：在指定行（2）行首添加内容