leetcode-19 删除列表的倒数第N个节点

给出一个链表，删除链表的倒数第 n 个结点，并且返回链表的头结点。

示例 1：
输入：head = [1,2,3,4,5], n = 2
输出：[1,2,3,5]

示例 2：
输入：head = [1], n = 1
输出：[]

示例 3：
输入：head = [1,2], n = 1
输出：[1]

提示：
链表中结点的数目为 sz
1 <= sz <= 30
0 <= Node.val <= 100
1 <= n <= sz

解法一：（快慢指针）

# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, next=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.next = next
class Solution:
    def removeNthFromEnd(self, head: ListNode, n: int) -> ListNode:
        dummy = ListNode(0, next=head)
        
        slow = fast = dummy
        for _ in range(n):
            fast = fast.next 

        while fast and fast.next:
            slow, fast = slow.next, fast.next

        slow.next = slow.next.next 
        return dummy.next 

解法二：（遍历链表获取长度）

# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, next=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.next = next
class Solution:
    def removeNthFromEnd(self, head: ListNode, n: int) -> ListNode:
        def getLength(head: ListNode) -> int:
            length = 0
            while head:
                length += 1
                head = head.next
            return length
        
        dummy = ListNode(0, head)
        length = getLength(head)
        cur = dummy
        for i in range(1, length - n + 1):
            cur = cur.next
        cur.next = cur.next.next
        return dummy.next