Qt
“C:\Users\wang\Desktop\编程阅读书籍\my-books\C+±Qt5-范例开发大全.pdf”
文章目录
- Qt
- @[toc]
- 平时遇到的小问题
- Vs 不能识别 Qt 组件问题
- 解决中文乱码问题：
- 窗体应用
-
- 控件应用
- QPushButton 按钮
- QLabel 标签
- QLineEdit 单行文本
- QTextEdit 多行文本
- QPlainTextEdit 多行文本
- QComboBox 下拉列表框
- QFontComboBox 字体下拉列表框
- QSpinBox 控件
- QDateEdit 日期控件
- QDateEdit 日期控件
- QScrollBar 控件
- QRadioButton 单选按钮
- QCheckBox 复选框控件
- QListView 列表控件
- QTreeView 树控件
- QTableView 表格控件
- QHBoxLayout 横向布局
- QGridLayout 网格布局
- QGroupBox 分组框控件
- QTabWidget 选项卡窗口控件
- QMenu、QToolBar 菜单栏、工具栏控件
- QSystemTrayIcon 任务栏托盘菜单
- 组件应用
-
- 文件操作
-
- 图形图像操作
-
- 多媒体应用
-
- 操作系统
-
- 注册表
-
- 数据库
-
- 网络开发
-
- 线程与进程
-
文章目录
- Qt
- @[toc]
- 平时遇到的小问题
- Vs 不能识别 Qt 组件问题
- 解决中文乱码问题：
- 窗体应用
- 控件应用
- QPushButton 按钮
- QLabel 标签
- QLineEdit 单行文本
- QTextEdit 多行文本
- QPlainTextEdit 多行文本
- QComboBox 下拉列表框
- QFontComboBox 字体下拉列表框
- QSpinBox 控件
- QDateEdit 日期控件
- QDateEdit 日期控件
- QScrollBar 控件
- QRadioButton 单选按钮
- QCheckBox 复选框控件
- QListView 列表控件
- QTreeView 树控件
- QTableView 表格控件
- QHBoxLayout 横向布局
- QGridLayout 网格布局
- QGroupBox 分组框控件
- QTabWidget 选项卡窗口控件
- QMenu、QToolBar 菜单栏、工具栏控件
- QSystemTrayIcon 任务栏托盘菜单
- 组件应用
- 文件操作
- 图形图像操作
- 多媒体应用
- 操作系统
- 注册表
- 数据库
- 网络开发
- 线程与进程
平时遇到的小问题
-
qt操作 world 加
axcontainer模块 -
判断相等
int A; int B; A.compare(B) == 0 -
字符串前的’R’字符
使字符串不被转义
const QString sql=R"( CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS my_table ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT NOT NULL, name CHAR (50) UNIQUE NOT NULL, age INTEGER );)";如：
“hello\nworld”
输出为
hello worldR“hello\nworld”
输出为
hello\nworld
Vs 不能识别 Qt 组件问题
在项目属性页的vc++目录 -> 包含目录中增加 Qt 的 include 文件夹目录：
解决中文乱码问题：
在头文件加上：
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
或者在每一中文前面加上：QStringLiteral()
button = new QPushButton(QStringLiteral("按钮A"), this);
mainwindows.h：
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include <QPushButton>
#include "ui_MainWindow.h"
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = Q_NULLPTR);
// 声明QPushButton
private:
QPushButton *button;
Ui::MainWindowClass ui;
// 声明QPushButton方法
private slots:
void txtButton();
};
窗体应用
QRect
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QLabel>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 创建一个QLabel控件
QLabel *label = new QLabel(this);
// QLabel控件显示文字内容
label->setText("Hekllo World");
// 显示位置
label->setGeometry(QRect(50,50,200,25));
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
QRect(参数 1，参数 2，参数 3，参数 4)
- 参数 1：在窗体中 X 轴参数
- 参数 2：在窗体中 Y 轴参数
- 参数 3：QLabel 控件宽度
- 参数 4：QLabel 控件高度
label->setGeometry(QRect(500,50,20,25));
固定窗体大小
设置最大、最小为同一值即可：
// 窗体标题
this->setWindowTitle("窗体应用");
// 窗体最大 300*300
this->setMaximumSize(300,300);
// 窗体最小 300*300
this->setMinimumSize(300,300);
设置窗体大小和背景颜色
// 默认窗体居中显示，通过move或setGeometry更改
// 设置X轴100，Y轴100
this->move(100,100);
// 背景红色
this->setStyleSheet("background:red");
修改标题栏图标
// 窗体标题
this->setWindowTitle("窗体应用");
// 窗体ICO图片，可以给图片取别名
this->setWindowIcon(QIcon(":/images/qt.ico"));
移动无边框窗体
mainwindow.h:
...
#include <QMouseEvent>
#include <QPushButton>
...
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
...
// 定义鼠标三种状态方法
protected:
// 鼠标按下
void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
// 鼠标移动
void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
// 鼠标释放
void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
// 定义QPoint对象
private:
QPushButton *btClose;
QPoint last;
...
};
...
mainwindow.cpp:
...
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
...
// 标题名
this->setWindowTitle("移动无边框窗体");
// 去掉标题栏
this->setWindowFlags(Qt::FramelessWindowHint);
// 实例一个按钮控件，因为去掉标题栏，窗体就没有关闭按钮了。
// 所以自己添加一个按钮实现关闭功能
btClose = new QPushButton(this);
btClose->setText("关闭");
// 按钮点击事件
connect(btClose,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(close()));
...
}
// 获取鼠标点定位窗体的位置
void MainWindow::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *e){
last = e->globalPos();
}
void MainWindow::mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *e){
int dx = e->globalX() - last.x();
int dy = e->globalY() - last.y();
last = e->globalPos();
move(x()+dx, y()+dy);
}
void MainWindow::mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *e){
int dx = e->globalX() - last.x();
int dy = e->globalY() - last.y();
move(x()+dx, y()+dy);
}
...
去掉标题栏最大、最小化按钮
// 关闭按钮失效
// this->setWindowFlags(Qt::FramelessWindowHint);
// 去掉最大化、最小化按钮，保留关闭按钮
this->setWindowFlags(Qt::WindowCloseButtonHint);
多窗体调用
选择 qt -> qt设计师界面类：
选择mainwindow，下一步：
修改类名为mainwindow2：
mainwindow.h:
...
#include <QPushButton> // 引入按钮类头文件
#include <mainwindow2.h> // 引入mainwindow2类
...
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
...
private:
...
QPushButton *button;
MainWindow2 w2;
...
// 实例方法
private slots:
void showMainwindow2();
};
...
mainwindow.cpp:
// 实例QPushButton控件
button = new QPushButton(this);
// 按钮显示位置
button->setGeometry(QRect(50,50,100,25));
// 按钮值
button->setText("按钮");
// 点击事件
connect(button, SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(showMainwindow2()));
// 调用方法
void MainWindow::showMainwindow2(){
// 显示MainWindow2窗体
w2.show();
}
字体形状窗体
// 去掉标题栏
this->setWindowFlag(Qt::FramelessWindowHint);
// 设置透明背景
this->setAttribute(Qt::WA_TranslucentBackground, true);
// 窗体添加样式，样式为css样式表
// background-image:url 添加图片
// background-repeat:no-repeat 不平铺
this->setStyleSheet("background-image:url(:/images/op.png);background-repeat:no-repeat;");
控件应用
QPushButton 按钮
MainWindow.h:
#include <QPushButton>
// 声明QPushButton
private:
QPushButton *button;
// 声明QPushButton方法
private slots:
void txtButton();
MainWindows.cpp:
// 创建按钮
//button = new QPushButton(QStringLiteral("按钮A"), this);
button = new QPushButton("按钮A", this);
// 定义按钮 X 轴，Y 轴，W 宽，H 高
button->setGeometry(QRect(100, 100, 100, 25));
// 给按钮添加槽事件（点击事件）
connect(button, SIGNAL(released()), this, SLOT(txtButton()));
// 点击方法
void MainWindow::txtButton()
{
// 改变按钮文字
button->setText("按钮B");
}
QLabel 标签
MainWindow.h：
#include <QLabel>
private:
// 声明 QLabel
QLabel *label;
MainWindow.cpp：
// 实例 QLabel 控件
label = new QLabel("我是QLabel", this);
// QLabel 位置
// label->move(100, 100);
label->setGeometry(QRect(100, 100, 200, 300));
// label 样式（css 样式）
// font-size 字号
// color 字体颜色
// font-weight 自宽
// font-style 字体样式
label->setStyleSheet("font-size:20px; color:red; font-weight:bold; font-style:italic");
QLineEdit 单行文本
MainWindow.h：
#include <QLineEdit>
private:
// 声明 QLineEdit 控件
QLineEdit *lineEdit;
MainWindow.cpp：
// 创建 QLineEdit 控件
lineEdit = new QLineEdit(this);
// 位置大小
lineEdit->setGeometry(QRect(100, 100, 200, 25));
// 样式
// border 边框线大小
// border-style 边框样式 solid 实线
// border-color:blue red 上下蓝色 左右红色
lineEdit->setStyleSheet("border:1px; border-style:solid; color:red; border-color:blue red;");
// 限制最长输出12位
lineEdit->setMaxLength(12);
// 不可写入
// lineEdit->setEchoMode(QLineEdit::NoEcho);
// 密码*号输入
lineEdit->setEchoMode(QLineEdit::Password);
QTextEdit 多行文本
MainWindow.h：
#include <QTextEdit>
private:
// 声明 QTextEdit 控件
QTextEdit *textEdit;
MainWindow.cpp：
// 实例
textEdit = new QTextEdit(this);
// 位置
textEdit->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 200, 100));
// 添加内容
textEdit->setText("我是第一行<br/>我是第二行");
QPlainTextEdit 多行文本
MainWindow.h：
#include <QPlainTextEdit>
private:
// 声明 QPlainTextEdit 控件
QPlainTextEdit *plainTextEdit;
MainWindow.cpp：
// 实例
plainTextEdit = new QPlainTextEdit(this);
// 位置
plainTextEdit->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 200, 150));
// 添加内容
plainTextEdit->setPlainText("我是第一行<br/>我是第二行");
注：
QTextEdit 和 QPlainTextEdit 都为多行文本。但 QPlainTextEdit 可以理解为 QTextEdit 的低配版。QPlainTextEdit 支持纯文本显示，QTextEdit 支持富文本显示。就是多一个样式。
QPlainTextEdit 显示的效率比 QTextEdit 高，如果需要显示大量文字，尤其是需要滚动条来回滚动的时候，QPlainTextEdit 要好很多。
QComboBox 下拉列表框
MainWindow.h：
#include <QComboBox>
private:
// 声明 QComboBox 控件
QComboBox *comboBox;
MainWindow.cpp：
// 实例 QComboBox
comboBox = new QComboBox(this);
// 控件显示位置大小
comboBox->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 120, 25));
// 定义字符串列表
QStringList str;
str << "数学" << "语文" << "地理";
// 将字符串列表绑定 QComboBox 控件
comboBox->addItems(str);
QFontComboBox 字体下拉列表框
MainWindow.h：
#include <QFontComboBox>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QLabel>
private:
// 实例控件
QFontComboBox *fontComboBox;
QPushButton *button;
QLabel *fontLabel;
MainWindow.cpp：
// 实例 QFontComboBox
fontComboBox = new QFontComboBox(this);
// 实例 QPushButton
button = new QPushButton(this);
// 实例 QLabel
fontLabel = new QLabel(this);
fontLabel->setGeometry(QRect(50, 150, 300, 25));
// 按钮名
button->setText("按钮");
// 位置
button->move(180, 50);
// 事件
connect(button, SIGNAL(released()), this, SLOT(txtFontButton()));
// QFontComboBox 控件位置
fontComboBox->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 120, 25));
// 字体下拉方法
void MainWindow::txtFontButton()
{
fontLabel->setText("选择字体:" + fontComboBox->currentText());
}
QSpinBox 控件
MainWindow.h:
#include <QSpinBox>
private:
// 声明 QSpinBox 控件
QSpinBox *spinBox;
MainWindow.cpp:
// 实例 QSpinBox
spinBox = new QSpinBox(this);
// 位置
spinBox->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 100, 25));
// 值范围
spinBox->setRange(0, 200);
// 初始值
spinBox->setValue(10);
// 后缀
spinBox->setSuffix("元");
// 前缀
spinBox->setPrefix("$");
QDateEdit 日期控件
MainWindow.h:
#include <QTimeEdit>
#include <QDateTime>
private:
// 声明 QTimeEdit 时间控件
QTimeEdit *timeEdit;
MainWindow.cpp:
// 实例 QTimeEdit
timeEdit = new QTimeEdit(this);
// 位置
timeEdit->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 120, 25));
// 获取系统时间
QDateTime sysTime = QDateTime::currentDateTime();
// 获取时分秒以 ':' 号拆分赋予list数组
QStringList list = sysTime.toString("hh:mm:ss").split(':');
// 将时分秒绑定控件
timeEdit->setTime(QTime(list[0].toInt(), list[1].toInt(), list[2].toInt()));
注：
QDateEdit 日期控件
MainWindow.h:
#include <QDateTime>
#include <QDateEdit>
private:
// 声明 QDateEdit 日期控件
QDateEdit *dateEdit;
MainWindow.cpp:
// 实例
dateEdit = new QDateEdit(this);
// 位置
dateEdit->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 120, 25));
// 获取系统时间
QDateTime sysTime = QDateTime::currentDateTime();
// 获取时间以 '-' 号拆分赋予 list 数组
QStringList list = sysTime.toString("yyyy-MM-dd").split('-');
// 将年月日绑定控件
dateEdit->setDate(QDate(list[0].toInt(), list[1].toInt(), list[2].toInt()));
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QScrollBar 控件
MainWindow.h:
#include <QScrollBar>
#include <QSpinBox>
private:
// 实例控件
QScrollBar *scrollBar;
QSpinBox *spinBox;
MainWindow.cpp:
// 实例
scrollBar = new QScrollBar(this);
spinBox = new QSpinBox(this);
// 横显/竖显
scrollBar->setOrientation(Qt::Horizontal);
// 位置
scrollBar->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 180, 20));
spinBox->setGeometry(QRect(50, 90, 100, 25));
// 控件条宽度
scrollBar->setPageStep(10);
// scrollBar 事件
connect(scrollBar, SIGNAL(valueChanged(int)), spinBox, SLOT(setValue(int)));
// 初始值
scrollBar->setValue(50);
QRadioButton 单选按钮
MainWindow.h:
#include <QRadioButton>
#include <QLabel>
private:
// 实例控件
QRadioButton *radioM;
QRadioButton *radioW;
QLabel *label;
private slots:
// 单选按钮方法
void radioChange();
MainWindow.cpp:
// 实例
radioM = new QRadioButton(this);
radioW = new QRadioButton(this);
label = new QLabel(this);
// 位置
radioM->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 50, 50));
radioW->setGeometry(QRect(100, 50, 50, 50));
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 100, 100, 25));
radioM->setText("男");
radioW->setText("女");
// 默认选择
radioM->setChecked(true);
label->setText("男");
// 事件
connect(radioM, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(radioChange()));
connect(radioW, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(radioChange()));
// radio 点击方法
void MainWindow::radioChange()
{
if (sender() == radioM)
{
label->setText("男");
}
else if (sender() == radioW)
{
label->setText("女");
}
}
QCheckBox 复选框控件
MainWindow.h:
#include <QCheckBox>
#include <QLabel>
private:
// 实例复选框控件
QCheckBox *checkBox01;
QCheckBox *checkBox02;
QCheckBox *checkBox03;
QLabel *label;
private slots:
// 复选框方法
void checkChange();
MainWindow.cpp:
//实例化 checkBox 控件
checkBox01 = new QCheckBox(this);
checkBox02 = new QCheckBox(this);
checkBox03 = new QCheckBox(this);
//实例 label 控件显示结果
label = new QLabel(this);
//控件位置
checkBox01->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 50, 50));
checkBox02->setGeometry(QRect(100, 50, 50, 50));
checkBox03->setGeometry(QRect(150, 50, 50, 50));
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 100, 200, 30));
//控件值
checkBox01->setText("数学");
checkBox02->setText("语文");
checkBox03->setText("地理");
//checkbox 控件点击事件
connect(checkBox01, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(checkChange()));
connect(checkBox02, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(checkChange()));
connect(checkBox03, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(checkChange()));
// 定义接收变量
QString str;
void MainWindow::checkChange()
{
if (sender() == checkBox01)
{
// 判断是否被选中
if (checkBox01->checkState() == Qt::Checked)
{
str += "数学";
}
else
{
str = str.replace(QString("数学"), QString(""));
}
}
else if (sender() == checkBox02)
{
if (checkBox02->checkState() == Qt::Checked)
{
str += "语文";
}
else
{
str = str.replace(QString("语文"), QString(""));
}
}
else if (sender() == checkBox03)
{
if (checkBox03->checkState() == Qt::Checked)
{
str += "地理";
}
else
{
str = str.replace(QString("地理"), QString(""));
}
}
// 绑定值
label->setText(str);
}
QListView 列表控件
MainWindow.h:
#include <QListView> //QListView 类
#include <QStringListModel> //数据模型类
private:
// 实例列表控件
QListView *listView;
QStringListModel *model;
MainWindow.cpp:
// 实例 listView 控件
listView = new QListView(this);
// 定义位置宽高
listView->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 100, 100));
// StringList 数组
QStringList string;
string << "数学" << "语文" << "外语" << "地理";
// 添加数据
model = new QStringListModel(string);
// 将数据绑定 listView 控件
listView->setModel(model);
QTreeView 树控件
MainWindow.h:
#include <QTreeView>
#include <QStandardItemModel>
private:
// 实例树控件
QTreeView *treeView;
QStandardItemModel *model;
MainWindow.cpp:
// 实例 QTreeView 控件
treeView = new QTreeView(this);
// 位置
treeView->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 500, 500));
// 实例数据类型 4 个节点，2 列
model = new QStandardItemModel(3, 2);
// 列名称
model->setHeaderData(0, Qt::Horizontal, "第一列");
model->setHeaderData(1, Qt::Horizontal, "第二列");
// 定义节点
QStandardItem *item1 = new QStandardItem("数学");
item1->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/arm.png"));
QStandardItem *item2 = new QStandardItem("语文");
item2->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/arm.png"));
QStandardItem *item3 = new QStandardItem("外语");
item3->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/arm.png"));
// 外语子项
QStandardItem *item4 = new QStandardItem("外语 A");
item4->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/arm.png"));
item3->appendRow(item4);
// 将节点添加至 QStandardItemModel
model->setItem(0, 0, item1);
model->setItem(1, 0, item2);
model->setItem(2, 0, item3);
// 将 QStandardItemModel 数据绑定 QTreeView 控件
treeView->setModel(model);
QTableView 表格控件
MainWindow.h:
#include <QTableView>
#include <QStandardItemModel>
private:
// 实例表格控件
QTableView *tableView;
QStandardItemModel *model;
MainWindow.cpp:
//实例
tableView = new QTableView(this);
//位置
tableView->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 310, 200));
//实例数据模型
model = new QStandardItemModel();
//定义列
model->setHorizontalHeaderItem(0, new QStandardItem("数学"));
model->setHorizontalHeaderItem(1, new QStandardItem("语文"));
model->setHorizontalHeaderItem(2, new QStandardItem("外语"));
//行数据 0 行,0 列
model->setItem(0, 0, new QStandardItem("数学 A"));
model->setItem(0, 1, new QStandardItem("语文 A"));
model->setItem(0, 2, new QStandardItem("外语 A"));
model->setItem(1, 0, new QStandardItem("数学 B"));
model->setItem(1, 1, new QStandardItem("语文 B"));
model->setItem(1, 2, new QStandardItem("外语 B"));
//将数据模型绑定控件
tableView->setModel(model);
QHBoxLayout 横向布局
MainWindow.h:
#include <QHBoxLayout>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QWidget>
private:
// 定义横向布局控件
QHBoxLayout *hboxLayout;
QPushButton *button1;
QPushButton *button2;
QPushButton *button3;
QWidget *widget;
MainWindow.cpp:
// 创建横向布局
hboxLayout = new QHBoxLayout();
button1 = new QPushButton("按钮 1");
button2 = new QPushButton("按钮 2");
button3 = new QPushButton("按钮 3");
// 向布局中添加控件
hboxLayout->addWidget(button1);
hboxLayout->addWidget(button2);
hboxLayout->addWidget(button3);
// 间隔
hboxLayout->setSpacing(60);
// 实例 QWidget
widget = new QWidget();
// 绑定布局
widget->setLayout(hboxLayout);
// 绑定界面
this->setCentralWidget(widget);
QGridLayout 网格布局
MainWindow.h:
#include <QGridLayout>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QWidget>
private:
// 定义网格布局控件
QGridLayout *gridLayout;
QPushButton *button1;
QPushButton *button2;
QPushButton *button3;
QWidget *widget;
MainWindow.cpp:
// 创建纵向布局
gridLayout = new QGridLayout();
button1 = new QPushButton("按钮 1");
button2 = new QPushButton("按钮 2");
button3 = new QPushButton("按钮 3");
// 向布局中添加控件
gridLayout->addWidget(button1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
gridLayout->addWidget(button2, 0, 1, 1, 1);
gridLayout->addWidget(button3, 1, 0, 1, 1);
// 实例 QWidget
widget = new QWidget();
// 绑定布局
widget->setLayout(gridLayout);
// 绑定界面
this->setCentralWidget(widget);
QGroupBox 分组框控件
MainWindow.h:
#include <QGroupBox>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
private:
// 实例控件
QGroupBox *box;
QPushButton *button;
QVBoxLayout *vbox;
MainWindow.cpp:
// 实例 QGroupBox
box = new QGroupBox(this);
// 位置、大小
box->setGeometry(QRect(30, 30, 340, 100));
// 标题
box->setTitle("语音栏目");
// 实例按钮
button = new QPushButton();
button->setText("按钮");
// 实例布局
vbox = new QVBoxLayout;
// 将按钮加入布局
vbox->addWidget(button);
// 将布局加入 QGroupBox 控件
box->setLayout(vbox);
QTabWidget 选项卡窗口控件
MainWindow.h:
#include <QTabWidget>
#include <QWidget>
#include <QPushButton>
private:
// 实例 QTabWidget 控件
QTabWidget *tabWidget;
//tabA 类
class tabA :public QWidget
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
tabA(QWidget *parent = 0);
};
//tabB 类
class tabB :public QWidget
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
tabB(QWidget *parent = 0);
};
MainWindow.cpp:
//实例 QTabWidget
tabWidget = new QTabWidget(this);
tabWidget->setGeometry(QRect(30, 30, 340, 140));
tabWidget->addTab(new tabA, "A 栏目");
tabWidget->addTab(new tabB, "B 栏目");
tabA::tabA(QWidget *parent) :QWidget(parent)
{
QPushButton *buttonA = new QPushButton(this);
buttonA->setText("页面 A");
}
tabB::tabB(QWidget *parent) :QWidget(parent)
{
QPushButton *buttonB = new QPushButton(this);
buttonB->setText("页面 B");
}
QMenu、QToolBar 菜单栏、工具栏控件
MainWindow.h:
#include <QMenu>
#include <QMenuBar>
#include <QAction>
#include <QToolBar>
#include <QMessageBox>
private:
// 实例 QMenu QToolBar 控件
QMenu *fileMenu, *editMenu, *helpMenu;
QToolBar *fileToolBar, *editToolBar;
QAction *newAct;
QAction *cutAct;
QAction *copyAct;
QAction *pasteAct;
QAction *aboutQtAct;
private slots:
// 声明创建方法
void newFile();
MainWindow.cpp:
// 实例菜单
fileMenu = new QMenu(this);
editMenu = new QMenu(this);
helpMenu = new QMenu(this);
// 填充菜单子节点
newAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/new"), tr("新建"), this);
newAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+N"));
newAct->setStatusTip(tr("新建文件"));
connect(newAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(newFile()));
cutAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/cut"), tr("剪切"), this);
cutAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+X"));
cutAct->setStatusTip(tr("剪切内容"));
copyAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/copy"), tr("复制"), this);
copyAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+C"));
copyAct->setStatusTip(tr("复制内容"));
pasteAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/paste"), tr("粘贴"), this);
pasteAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+V"));
pasteAct->setStatusTip(tr("粘贴内容"));
aboutQtAct = new QAction(tr("关于 Qt"), this);
aboutQtAct->setStatusTip(tr("关于 Qt 信息"));
connect(aboutQtAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), qApp, SLOT(aboutQt()));
// 填充菜单
fileMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("文件"));
fileMenu->addAction(newAct);
fileMenu->addSeparator(); // 分割线
editMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("编辑"));
editMenu->addAction(cutAct);
editMenu->addAction(copyAct);
editMenu->addAction(pasteAct);
menuBar()->addSeparator();
helpMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("帮助"));
helpMenu->addAction(aboutQtAct);
// toolBar 工具条
fileToolBar = addToolBar(tr("新建"));
fileToolBar->addAction(newAct);
editToolBar = addToolBar(tr("修改"));
editToolBar->addAction(cutAct);
editToolBar->addAction(copyAct);
editToolBar->addAction(pasteAct);
// 子菜单事件
void MainWindow::newFile() {
QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Warning"), tr("创建新文件？"), QMessageBox::Yes | QMessageBox::Default, QMessageBox::No);
}
QSystemTrayIcon 任务栏托盘菜单
MainWindow.h:
#include <QSystemTrayIcon>//任务栏类
#include <QMenu>//菜单类
private:
// 实例任务栏菜单控件
QSystemTrayIcon *myTrayIcon;
QMenu *myMenu;
QAction *restoreWinAction;
QAction *quitAction;
void createMenu();
private slots:
// 声明恢复方法
void showNormal();
MainWindow.cpp:
// 菜单
createMenu();
// 判断系统是否支持托盘图标
if (!QSystemTrayIcon::isSystemTrayAvailable())
{
return;
}
// 实例 QSystemTrayIcon
myTrayIcon = new QSystemTrayIcon(this);
// 设置图标
myTrayIcon->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/bitbug_favicon.ico"));
// 鼠标放托盘图标上提示信息
myTrayIcon->setToolTip("Qt 托盘图标功能");
// 设置消息
myTrayIcon->showMessage("托盘", "托盘管理", QSystemTrayIcon::Information, 10000);
// 托盘菜单
myTrayIcon->setContextMenu(myMenu);
// 显示
myTrayIcon->show();
// 绘制菜单
void MainWindow::createMenu()
{
restoreWinAction = new QAction("恢复(&R)", this);
quitAction = new QAction("退出(&Q)", this);
// 恢复
connect(restoreWinAction, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(showNormal()));
// 退出
connect(quitAction, SIGNAL(triggered()), qApp, SLOT(quit()));
myMenu = new QMenu((QWidget*)QApplication::desktop());
// 添加菜单
myMenu->addAction(restoreWinAction);
// 分隔符
myMenu->addSeparator();
myMenu->addAction(quitAction);
}
// 恢复
void MainWindow::showNormal()
{
this->show();
}
// 点击最小化按钮隐藏界面
void QWidget::changeEvent(QEvent *e)
{
if ((e->type() == QEvent::WindowStateChange) && this->isMinimized())
{
//QTimer::singleShot(100, this, SLOT(hide()));
this->hide();
}
}
组件应用
日历组件
mainwindow.h:
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QCalendarWidget>
#include "ui_MainWindow.h"
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = Q_NULLPTR);
private:
Ui::MainWindowClass ui;
QLabel *label;
QLineEdit *lineEdit;
QCalendarWidget *calendarWidget;
private slots:
void showTime();
void setData();
};
mainwindow.cpp:
#include "MainWindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例QLabel控件
label = new QLabel(this);
label->setText("选择日期:");
// 位置
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 100, 25));
lineEdit = new QLineEdit(this);
lineEdit->setGeometry(QRect(150, 50, 150, 22));
// 事件
connect(lineEdit, SIGNAL(cursorPositionChanged(int, int)), this, SLOT(showTime()));
// 实例事件控件
calendarWidget = new QCalendarWidget(this);
// 位置
calendarWidget->setGeometry(20, 75, 350, 180);
// 隐藏时间控件
calendarWidget->setHidden(true);
// 时间控件点击事件
connect(calendarWidget, SIGNAL(clicked(QDate)), this, SLOT(setData()));
}
void MainWindow::showTime()
{
calendarWidget->setHidden(false);
}
void MainWindow::setData()
{
// 选择接受时间
QDate data = calendarWidget->selectedDate();
// 时间格式化
QString str = data.toString("yyyy-MM-dd");
// 赋值
lineEdit->setText(str);
// 日期控件隐藏
calendarWidget->setHidden(true);
}
登录窗口
Widget.h
#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H
#include <QWidget>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QGridLayout> // 纵向布局
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QPushButton> // 按钮
#include <QHBoxLayout> // 横向布局
#include <QVBoxLayout> // 垂直布局
#include <QMessageBox> // 消息对话框
class Widget : public QWidget
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~Widget();
private:
QLineEdit *usrLineEdit;
QLineEdit *pwdLineEdit;
QLabel *usrLabel;
QLabel *pwdLabel;
QGridLayout *gridLayout;
QPushButton *okButton;
QPushButton *canceButton;
QVBoxLayout *vboxLayout;
public slots:
virtual void accept();
};
#endif // WIDGET_H
Widget.cpp:
#include "widget.h"
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
: QWidget(parent)
{
// 窗体最小宽度高度
setMinimumSize(280, 150);
// 窗体最大高度宽度
setMaximumSize(280, 150);
// 实例用户名 密码
usrLabel = new QLabel(tr("用户名:"));
pwdLabel = new QLabel(tr("密 码:"));
usrLineEdit = new QLineEdit;
pwdLineEdit = new QLineEdit;
// 密码*号输入
pwdLineEdit->setEchoMode(QLineEdit::Password);
// 限制输入12位
usrLineEdit->setMaxLength(12);
pwdLineEdit->setMaxLength(12);
// 实例网格布局控件
gridLayout = new QGridLayout;
// 添加布局 0，0，1，1 行 列 行间距 列间距
gridLayout->addWidget(usrLabel, 0, 0, 1, 1);
gridLayout->addWidget(usrLineEdit, 0, 1, 1, 1);
// 间隔
gridLayout->setSpacing(20);
gridLayout->addWidget(pwdLabel, 1, 0, 1, 1);
gridLayout->addWidget(pwdLineEdit, 1, 1, 1, 1);
// 实例按钮控件
okButton = new QPushButton(tr("确定"));
canceButton = new QPushButton(tr("取消"));
connect(okButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(accept()));
connect(canceButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(reject()));
QHBoxLayout *hboxLayout = new QHBoxLayout;
hboxLayout->setSpacing(60);
// 横向布局填充控件
hboxLayout->addWidget(okButton);
hboxLayout->addWidget(canceButton);
// 实例纵向布局填充刚刚实例的两个布局
vboxLayout = new QVBoxLayout;
vboxLayout->addLayout(gridLayout);
vboxLayout->addLayout(hboxLayout);
// 显示内容
this->setLayout(vboxLayout);
}
// 确定方法
void Widget::accept()
{
// trimmed 去空字符
if(usrLineEdit->text().trimmed() == "admin" && pwdLineEdit->text().trimmed() == "admin")
{
Widget::accept();
}
else
{
QMessageBox::warning(this,"警告","用户名或密码错误!!!", QMessageBox::Yes);
usrLineEdit->setFocus();
}
}
Widget::~Widget()
{
}
文件浏览对话框
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QLineEdit> // 单行文本控制类
#include <QPushButton> // 按钮类
#include <QFileDialog> // 引用文件浏览对话框
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QLineEdit *filename;
QPushButton *button;
private slots:
void showFiles();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 实例单行文本控件
filename = new QLineEdit(this);
// 位置
filename->setGeometry(QRect(50,50,230,25));
// 实例按钮
button = new QPushButton(this);
// 按钮位置
button->setGeometry(QRect(280,50,80,25));
// 按钮名
button->setText("浏览");
// 按钮点击事件
connect(button,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(showFiles()));
}
// 按钮点击方法
void MainWindow::showFiles()
{
// 定义变量str接受QFileDialog对话框获取文件路径
QString str = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this,"open file","/","text file(*.txt);;C file(*.cpp);;All file(*.*)");
// 将变量绑定QLineEdit控件
filename->setText(str.toUtf8());
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
颜色选择对话框
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QColorDialog>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QPushButton *button;
QLabel *label;
private slots:
void editText();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 实例按钮
button = new QPushButton(this);
// 位置
button->setGeometry(QRect(200,50,80,25));
// 按钮值
button->setText("选择颜色");
// 按钮事件
connect(button,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(editText()));
// 实例QLabel
label = new QLabel(this);
// label 位置
label->setGeometry(QRect(50,50,200,25));
// label 值
label->setText("我的颜色可以改变");
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
// 修改方法
void MainWindow::editText()
{
// 颜色对话框设置
QColorDialog::setCustomColor(0,QRgb(0xCCFFFF));
// 定义QColor接受值
QColor color = QColorDialog::getColor(QColor(0,250,0));
// 定义Qpalette(调色板类)
QPalette p = palette();
// 调色板接受颜色
p.setColor(QPalette::WindowText,QColor(color));
// 给label绑定颜色
label->setPalette(p);
}
进度条实例
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QPushButton> // 按钮类
#include <QProgressBar> // 进度条类
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QPushButton *button;
QProgressBar *bar;
private slots:
void startBar();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 实例 QProgressBar 控件
bar = new QProgressBar(this);
// 位置
bar->setGeometry(QRect(50,50,200,20));
// 范围值
bar->setRange(0,100000-1);
// 初始值
bar->setValue(0);
// 实例button
button = new QPushButton(this);
// 位置
button->setGeometry(QRect(270,50,80,25));
// 值
button->setText("开始");
// 事件
connect(button,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(startBar()));
}
void MainWindow::startBar()
{
for(int i = 0; i < 100000; ++i)
{
// 100% 结束
if(i == 99999)
{
button->setText("结束");
}
// 赋值
bar->setValue(i);
}
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
Timer实时更新时间
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QTimer>
#include <QDateTime>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QLabel *label;
QTimer *timer;
private slots:
void timerTime();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 实例 QLabel控件
label = new QLabel(this);
// 位置
label->setGeometry(QRect(50,50,250,25));
// 实例 QTimer 控件
timer = new QTimer;
// timer时间
connect(timer,SIGNAL(timeout()),this,SLOT(timerTime()));
// 执行
timer->start(1000);
}
void MainWindow::timerTime()
{
// 获取系统时间
QDateTime sysTime = QDateTime::currentDateTime();
label->setText(sysTime.toString());
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
文件操作
创建文件夹
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QPushButton>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QLineEdit *edit; // 写文件路径
QPushButton *button; // 创建路径文件按钮
private slots:
void createFolder(); // 创建文件
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QDir>
#include <QMessageBox>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 实例QLineEdit控件
edit = new QLineEdit(this);
// 位置
edit->setGeometry(QRect(50,50,250,25));
// 值
edit->setText("D://CreateQtLearnFolder");
// 实例按钮
button = new QPushButton(this);
// 按钮位置、大小
button->setGeometry(QRect(280,50,80,25));
// 值
button->setText("创建");
// 按钮事件
connect(button,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(createFolder()));
}
void MainWindow::createFolder()
{
// 实例QDir
QDir *folder = new QDir;
// 判断创建文件夹是否存在
bool exist = folder->exists(edit->text());
if(exist)
{
QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("创建文件夹"),tr("文件夹已存在！"));
} else
{
// 创建文件夹
bool ok = folder->mkdir(edit->text());
// 判断是否创建成功
if(ok)
{
QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("创建文件夹"),tr("文件夹创建成功！"));
} else
{
QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("创建文件夹"),tr("文件夹创建失败！"));
}
}
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
写入文件
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QPushButton>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QPushButton *button;
QLineEdit *edit;
QLineEdit *content;
private slots:
void createFile(); // 创建文件
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QFile>
#include <QMessageBox>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 实例
edit = new QLineEdit(this);
// 位置
edit->setGeometry(QRect(50,50,200,25));
// 值
edit->setText("D:/Qt02.txt");
// 实例
content = new QLineEdit(this);
// 位置
content->setGeometry(QRect(50,100,200,25));
// 值
content->setText("写入文件内容");
// 实例button
button = new QPushButton(this);
// 位置
button->setGeometry(QRect(270,50,80,25));
// 值
button->setText("创建");
// 事件
connect(button,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(createFile()));
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
// 创建文件
void MainWindow::createFile()
{
// 实例 QFile
QFile file(edit->text());
// 判断文件是否存在
if(file.exists())
{
QMessageBox::warning(this,"创建文件","文件已经存在！");
}
else
{
// 存在打开，不存在创建
file.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite | QIODevice::Text);
// 写入内容，这里需要转码，否则报错
QByteArray str = content->text().toUtf8();
// 写入 QByteArray 格式字符串
file.write(str);
// 提示成功
QMessageBox::warning(this,"创建文件","文件创建成功！");
}
// 关闭文件
file.close();
}
修改文件内容:
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QTextEdit>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QPushButton *browseBt;
QPushButton *saveBt;
QTextEdit *edit;
QTextEdit *content;
private slots:
// 保存文件
void saveFile();
// 浏览文件
void browseFile();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QTextStream>
#include <QTextCodec>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 文件路径
edit = new QTextEdit(this);
edit->setGeometry(QRect(50,50,240,26));
// 浏览文件按钮
browseBt = new QPushButton(this);
browseBt->setGeometry(QRect(290,50,80,25));
browseBt->setText("浏览文件");
connect(browseBt,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(browseFile()));
// 显示文件内容
content = new QTextEdit(this);
content->setGeometry(QRect(50,80,320,150));
// 修改完毕，保存文件
saveBt = new QPushButton(this);
saveBt->setGeometry(QRect(290,240,80,25));
saveBt->setText("保存");
connect(saveBt,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(saveFile()));
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
// 保存文件
void MainWindow::saveFile()
{
QFile file(edit->toPlainText());
file.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite | QIODevice::Text);
// 写入内容，这里需要转码，否则报错
QByteArray str = content->toPlainText().toUtf8();
// 写入QByteArray格式字符串
file.write(str);
// 提示成功
QMessageBox::warning(this,"修改文件","修改文件成功!");
file.close();
}
// 浏览文件
void MainWindow::browseFile()
{
// 定义 str 接收 QFileDialog 对话框获取的文件路径
QString str = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this,"open file","/","text file(*.txt);;C file(*.cpp);;All file(*.*)");
// 将变量绑定QTextEdit控件
edit->setText(str.toUtf8());
// 判断是否选择文件
if(edit->toPlainText().isEmpty())
{
return;
}
QFile file(edit->toPlainText());
// 判断文件是否成功打开
if(!file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text))
{
QMessageBox::warning(this,"打开文件","打开文件失败!");
return;
}
QTextStream ts(&file);
// 循环文档数据至结尾
while (!ts.atEnd())
{
// 将全部数据绑定至content控件
content->setPlainText(ts.readAll());
}
// 关闭文档
file.close();
}
删除文件
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QPushButton>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QLineEdit *filePath;
QPushButton *browseBt;
QPushButton *deleteBt;
private slots:
// 浏览文件
void browseFile();
// 删除文件
void deleteFile();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QFileDialog>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 显示文件路径
filePath = new QLineEdit(this);
filePath->setGeometry(QRect(50,50,200,25));
// 浏览文件按钮
browseBt = new QPushButton(this);
browseBt->setText("浏览文件");
browseBt->setGeometry(QRect(270,50,80,25));
connect(browseBt,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(browseFile()));
// 删除文件按钮
deleteBt = new QPushButton(this);
deleteBt->setText("删除文件");
deleteBt->setGeometry(QRect(50,100,80,25));
connect(deleteBt,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(deleteFile()));
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
// 浏览文件
void MainWindow::browseFile()
{
// 定义变量str接收QFileDialog对话框获取的文件路径
QString str = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this,"open file","/","text file(*.txt);;C file(*.cpp);;All file(*.*)");
// 将变量绑定QTextEdit控件
filePath->setText(str.toUtf8());
}
// 删除文件
void MainWindow::deleteFile()
{
// 删除文件
QFile::remove(filePath->text());
}
修改文件名
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QPushButton>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QLineEdit *filePath;
QLineEdit *newName;
QPushButton *browseBt;
QPushButton *saveBt;
private slots:
// 浏览文件
void browseFile();
// 删除文件
void saveFile();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QMessageBox>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 文件路径
filePath = new QLineEdit(this);
filePath->setGeometry(50,50,200,25);
// 浏览按钮
browseBt = new QPushButton(this);
browseBt->setGeometry(QRect(270,50,80,25));
browseBt->setText("浏览");
connect(browseBt,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(browseFile()));
// 新名字
newName = new QLineEdit(this);
newName->setGeometry(QRect(50,90,200,25));
newName->setText("新名字.txt");
// 保存按钮
saveBt = new QPushButton(this);
saveBt->setGeometry(QRect(270,90,80,25));
saveBt->setText("保存");
connect(saveBt,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(saveFile()));
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
// 浏览
void MainWindow::browseFile()
{
// 定义变量str接受QFileDialog对话框获取的文件路径
QString str = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this,"open file","/","text file(*.txt);;C file(*.cpp);;All file(*.*)");
// 将变量绑定QTextEdit控件
filePath->setText(str.toUtf8());
}
// 保存
void MainWindow::saveFile()
{
// 实例QFileInfo函数
QFileInfo file(filePath->text());
// 获取文件路径
QString path = file.absolutePath();
// bool型变量接受是否修改成功，成功为true，不成功为false
bool x = QFile::rename(filePath->text(), path + "/" + newName->text());
if(x)
{
QMessageBox::warning(this,"修改文件名","文件修改成功!");
} else
{
QMessageBox::warning(this,"修改文件名","文件修改失败!");
}
}
INI文件写入操作
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QGridLayout>
#include <QWidget>
#include <QSettings>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QGridLayout *gLayout;
QWidget *widget;
QLabel *filePathL; // ini 文件路径Label
QLineEdit *filePath; // ini 文件路径输入框
QLabel *nodeL; // 节点Label
QLineEdit *nodeEdit; // 节点输入框
QLabel *keyL; // 键Label
QLineEdit *keyEdit; // 键输入框
QLabel *valL; // 值Label
QLineEdit *valEdit;// 值输入框
QPushButton *writeBt; // 按钮
QSettings *writeIni;
private slots:
void writeFile();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// ini 文件路径Label
filePathL = new QLabel;
filePathL->setText("ini 文件完整路径");
// ini 文件路径输入框
filePath = new QLineEdit;
filePath->setText("D:/a001.ini");
// 节点Label
nodeL = new QLabel;
nodeL->setText("节点名");
// 节点输入框
nodeEdit = new QLineEdit;
nodeEdit->setText("node");
// 键Label
keyL = new QLabel;
keyL->setText("键值");
// 键输入框
keyEdit = new QLineEdit;
keyEdit->setText("ip");
// 值Label
valL = new QLabel;
valL->setText("值");
// 值输入框
valEdit = new QLineEdit;
valEdit->setText("192.168.1.1");
// 按钮
writeBt = new QPushButton;
writeBt->setText("写入文件");
connect(writeBt,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(writeFile()));
gLayout = new QGridLayout;
gLayout->addWidget(filePathL,0,0,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(filePath,0,1,1,4);
gLayout->addWidget(nodeL,1,0,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(nodeEdit,1,1,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(keyL,2,0,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(keyEdit,2,1,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(valL,2,3,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(valEdit,2,4,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(writeBt,3,4,1,1);
// 实例QWidget
widget = new QWidget();
// 绑定布局
widget->setLayout(gLayout);
this->setCentralWidget(widget);
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
// 写入文件
void MainWindow::writeFile()
{
// QSettings 构造函数的第一个参数是ini文件的路径，第二个参数表示针对ini文件
writeIni = new QSettings(filePath->text(),QSettings::IniFormat);
// 写入键、值
writeIni->setValue(nodeEdit->text() + "/" + keyEdit->text(), valEdit->text());
// 写入完成删除指针
delete writeIni;
}
INI文件读取操作
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QGridLayout>
#include <QWidget>
#include <QSettings>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QGridLayout *gLayout;
QWidget *widget;
QLabel *filePathL;// ini 文件路径Label
QLineEdit *filePath;// ini 文件路径输入框
QLabel *nodeL;// 节点Label
QLineEdit *nodeEdit;// 节点输入框
QLabel *keyL;// 键Label
QLineEdit *keyEdit;// 键输入框
QLabel *valL;// 值Label
QLineEdit *valEdit;// 值输入框
QPushButton *readBt;// 按钮
QSettings *readIni;
private slots:
void readFile();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// ini 文件路径Label
filePathL = new QLabel;
filePathL->setText("ini 文件完整路径");
// ini 文件路径输入框
filePath = new QLineEdit;
filePath->setText("D:/a001.ini");
// 节点Label
nodeL = new QLabel;
nodeL->setText("节点名");
// 节点输入框
nodeEdit = new QLineEdit;
nodeEdit->setText("node");
// 键Label
keyL = new QLabel;
keyL ->setText("键值");
// 键输入框
keyEdit = new QLineEdit;
keyEdit->setText("ip");
// 值Label
valL = new QLabel;
valL->setText("值");
// 值输入框
valEdit = new QLineEdit;
// 按钮
readBt = new QPushButton;
readBt->setText("读取文件");
connect(readBt,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(readFile()));
gLayout = new QGridLayout;
gLayout->addWidget(filePathL,0,0,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(filePath,0,1,1,4);
gLayout->addWidget(nodeL,1,0,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(nodeEdit,1,1,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(keyL,2,0,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(keyEdit,2,1,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(valL,2,3,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(valEdit,2,4,1,1);
gLayout->addWidget(readBt,3,4,1,1);
// 实例QWidget
widget = new QWidget();
// 绑定布局
widget->setLayout(gLayout);
this->setCentralWidget(widget);
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
// 读取文件
void MainWindow::readFile()
{
// QSettings构造函数的第一个参数是ini文件的路径，第二个参数表示针对ini文件
readIni = new QSettings(filePath->text(),QSettings::IniFormat);
// 将读取到的ini文件保存在QString中，先取值，然后通过toString（）函数换成QString类型
QString STR = nodeEdit->text() + "/" + keyEdit->text();
QString ipResult = readIni->value(STR).toString();
// 将结果绑定IP值控件上
valEdit->setText(ipResult);
// 写入完成删除指针
delete readIni;
}
创建XML文件
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QPushButton>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QLabel *explainL;
QPushButton *createBt;
private slots:
void createFile();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QFile>
#include <QXmlStreamWriter>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 实例QLabel
explainL = new QLabel(this);
explainL->setText("这里就不重复写类似txt读写布局了，直接在代码中\r\n填写节点等操作。\r\n文件路径：D:/a001.xml\r\n根节点：Root");
explainL->setGeometry(QRect(50,50,300,100));
// 实例按钮
createBt = new QPushButton(this);
createBt->setText("创建XML文件");
createBt->setGeometry(QRect(50,180,100,25));
connect(createBt,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(createFile()));
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
// 创建文件
void MainWindow::createFile()
{
// 文件路径
QString xmlPath = "D:/a001.xml";
QFile file(xmlPath);
if(file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly|QIODevice::Text))
{
// 实例QXmlStreamWriter
QXmlStreamWriter stream(&file);
stream.setAutoFormatting(true);
// 文档头
stream.writeStartDocument();
// 根节点
stream.writeStartElement("Root");
// 元素、值
stream.writeAttribute("href","http://qt.nokia.com/");
// 节点内容
stream.writeTextElement("title","Qt Home");
stream.writeEndElement();
stream.writeEndDocument();
// 关闭文件
file.close();
}
}
读取XML文件
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QPushButton>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QLabel *resultL;
QPushButton *readBt;
private slots:
void readNode();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QFile>
#include <QXmlStreamReader>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 实例QLabel
resultL = new QLabel(this);
resultL->setGeometry(QRect(50,50,300,100));
// 实例按钮
readBt = new QPushButton(this);
readBt->setText("读取title节点");
readBt->setGeometry(QRect(50,180,150,25));
connect(readBt,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(readNode()));
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
// 读取节点
void MainWindow::readNode()
{
// 文件路径
QString xmlPath = "D:/a001.xml";
QFile file(xmlPath);
// 定义变量接受信息
QString str;
// 判断文件是否存在
if(file.exists())
{
if(file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly|QIODevice::Text))
{
// 实例QXmlStreamReader对象读取文件
QXmlStreamReader xmlRead(&file);
// 循环节点
while (!xmlRead.atEnd()) {
// 指针下移
xmlRead.readNext();
if(xmlRead.isStartElement())
{
// 如果节点有等于title的
if(xmlRead.name() == "title")
{
// 取title值赋予变量str
str = xmlRead.readElementText();
} else {
str = "没有找到节点";
}
}
}
// 将值绑定QLabel控件显示
resultL->setText(str);
} else {
resultL->setText("文件打开失败");
}
// 关闭文件
file.close();
}else {
resultL->setText("文件不存在");
}
}
图形图像操作
绘制文字
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QGraphicsScene>
#include <QGraphicsView>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
// 实例QGraphicsScene
QGraphicsScene *scene = new QGraphicsScene;
// 背景色
scene->setForegroundBrush(QColor(0,255,255,127));
// 字体设置
QFont font("黑体",60);
// 添加文字
scene->addSimpleText("图形图像",font);
// 网格
// scene->setForegroundBrush(QBrush(Qt::lightGray,Qt::CrossPattern));
// 实例QGraphicsView
QGraphicsView *view = new QGraphicsView(scene);
// 显示
this->setCentralWidget(view);
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
绘制线条
qtLearn5PaintLine.cpp:
#include "qtLearn5PaintLine.h"
#include <QGraphicsScene>
#include <QGraphicsView>
qtLearn5PaintLine::qtLearn5PaintLine(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例QGraphicsScene
QGraphicsScene *scene = new QGraphicsScene;
// QPen 属性
QPen pen;
pen.setStyle(Qt::DashLine);// 虚线
pen.setWidth(2);
pen.setBrush(Qt::black);
pen.setCapStyle(Qt::RoundCap);// 顶端是半圆形
pen.setJoinStyle(Qt::RoundJoin);// 两条线之间有弧度，就是很圆滑
// 绘制线条
scene->addLine(30, 30, 200, 30, pen); // 起点的x y坐标,终点的x y坐标
// 实例QGraphicsView
QGraphicsView *view = new QGraphicsView(scene);
// 显示
this->setCentralWidget(view);
}
绘制椭圆
qtLearn5DrawLine.cpp:
#include "qtLearn5DrawLine.h"
#include <QGraphicsScene>
#include <QGraphicsView>
qtLearn5DrawLine::qtLearn5DrawLine(QWidget* parent) : QMainWindow(parent) {
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QGraphicsScene
QGraphicsScene* scene = new QGraphicsScene;
// 绘制椭圆
scene->addEllipse(50, 50, 100, 120); // 左上角x，y坐标，椭圆宽、高
// 实例 QGraphicsView
QGraphicsView* view = new QGraphicsView(scene);
// 显示
this->setCentralWidget(view);
}
qtLearn5DrawLine::~qtLearn5DrawLine() {}
显示静态图像
qtLearn5ShowStaticImage.h:
#pragma once
#include <QPainter>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include "ui_qtLearn5ShowStaticImage.h"
class qtLearn5ShowStaticImage : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECT
public:
qtLearn5ShowStaticImage(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~qtLearn5ShowStaticImage();
protected:
// paintEvent(QPaintEvent*)函数是QWidget类中的虚函数，用于ui的绘制，会在多种情况下被其他函数自动调用，比如update()时
void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *);
private:
Ui::qtLearn5ShowStaticImageClass ui;
};
qtLearn5ShowStaticImage.cpp:
#include "qtLearn5ShowStaticImage.h"
qtLearn5ShowStaticImage::qtLearn5ShowStaticImage(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent) {
ui.setupUi(this);
}
qtLearn5ShowStaticImage::~qtLearn5ShowStaticImage() {}
void qtLearn5ShowStaticImage::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *) {
// 实例 QPixmap
// 从路径的文件构造像素图。如果文件不存在或格式未知，则像素图变为空像素图
QPixmap image(":/new/prefix/dog.png");
// 实例 QPainter 绘制类
QPainter painter(this);
// 绘制图片
painter.drawPixmap(20, 20, 200, 257, image);
}
显示动态图像
qtLearn5ShowDynamicImage.cpp:
#include "qtLearn5ShowDynamicImage.h"
#include <QLabel>
#include <QMovie>
#include <QTimer>
qtLearn5ShowDynamicImage::qtLearn5ShowDynamicImage(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent) {
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QLabel
QLabel *label = new QLabel(this);
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 88, 51));
// 实例 QMovie
QMovie *movie = new QMovie(":/new/prefix/img.gif");
// 3 秒后图片消失
QTimer::singleShot(3000, label, SLOT(close()));
label->setMovie(movie);
movie->start();
}
qtLearn5ShowDynamicImage::~qtLearn5ShowDynamicImage() {}
图片水平移动
qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontal.h:
#pragma once
#include <QImage>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include "ui_qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontal.h"
class qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontal : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECT
public:
qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontal(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontal();
private:
Ui::qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontalClass ui;
QLabel *label;
QImage *image;
QPushButton *button;
private slots:
void moveImg();
};
qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontal.cpp:
#include "qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontal.h"
qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontal::qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontal(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent) {
ui.setupUi(this);
// 初始化 QLabel
label = new QLabel(this);
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 250, 150));
// 实例 QImage
image = new QImage;
// QImage 加载图片
image->load(":/new/prefix1/hd.png");
// Label 显示图片
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(*image));
// 实例 button
button = new QPushButton(this);
button->setGeometry(QRect(50, 250, 100, 50));
button->setText(QString::fromLocal8Bit("移动"));
connect(button, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(moveImg()));
}
qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontal::~qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontal() {}
// 点击移动
int i = 60;
void qtLearn5PictureMoveHorizontal::moveImg() {
// 移动 label 控件
label->move(i, 50);
i += 10;
}
图片翻转
qtLearnPictureReversal.h:
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QImage>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include "ui_qtLearnPictureReversal.h"
class qtLearnPictureReversal : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECT
public:
qtLearnPictureReversal(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
~qtLearnPictureReversal();
private:
Ui::qtLearnPictureReversalClass ui;
QLabel* label;
QImage* img;
QPushButton* hBt;
QPushButton* vBt;
QPushButton* angleBt;
private slots:
void hShow();
void vShow();
void angleShow();
};
qtLearnPictureReversal.cpp:
#include "qtLearnPictureReversal.h"
#include <QMatrix>
qtLearnPictureReversal::qtLearnPictureReversal(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent) {
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QLabel
label = new QLabel(this);
label->setGeometry(QRect(160, 50, 2500, 150));
// 实例 QImage
img = new QImage;
// Image 加载图片
img->load(":/new/prefix/hd.png");
// Label 显示图片
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(*img));
// 实例水平操作按钮
hBt = new QPushButton(this);
hBt->setGeometry(QRect(50, 200, 80, 25));
hBt->setText("水平翻转");
connect(hBt, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(hShow()));
// 实例垂直操作按钮
vBt = new QPushButton(this);
vBt->setGeometry(QRect(160, 200, 80, 25));
vBt->setText("垂直操作");
connect(vBt, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(vShow()));
// 实例角度操作按钮 88°
angleBt = new QPushButton(this);
angleBt->setGeometry(QRect(270, 200, 80, 25));
angleBt->setText("角度操作");
connect(angleBt, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(angleShow()));
}
qtLearnPictureReversal::~qtLearnPictureReversal() {}
// 水平操作
void qtLearnPictureReversal::hShow() {
// 水平翻转
*img = img->mirrored(true, false);
// 显示图片
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(*img));
}
// 垂直操作
void qtLearnPictureReversal::vShow() {
// 垂直翻转
*img = img->mirrored(false, true);
// 显示图片
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(*img));
}
// 角度操作
void qtLearnPictureReversal::angleShow() {
QMatrix matrix;
// 88 角度
matrix.rotate(88);
*img = img->transformed(matrix);
// 显示图片
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(*img));
}
图片缩放
qtLearn5PictureResize.h:
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include "ui_qtLearn5PictureResize.h"
#include <QLabel>
#include <QImage>
#include <QPushButton>
class qtLearn5PictureResize : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
qtLearn5PictureResize(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
~qtLearn5PictureResize();
private:
Ui::qtLearn5PictureResizeClass ui;
QLabel* label;
QImage* img;
QPushButton* bigBt;
QPushButton* smallBt;
private slots:
void bShow();
void sShow();
};
qtLearn5PictureResize.cpp:
#include "qtLearn5PictureResize.h"
qtLearn5PictureResize::qtLearn5PictureResize(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QLabel
label = new QLabel(this);
label->setGeometry(QRect(160, 50, 250, 150));
// 实例 QImage
img = new QImage;
// QImage 加载图片
img->load(":/new/prefix/hd.png");
// label 显示图片
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(*img));
// 实例放大按钮
bigBt = new QPushButton(this);
bigBt->setGeometry(QRect(50, 200, 80, 25));
bigBt->setText("放大");
connect(bigBt, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(bShow()));
// 实例缩小按钮
smallBt = new QPushButton(this);
smallBt->setGeometry(QRect(260, 200, 80, 25));
smallBt->setText("缩小");
connect(smallBt, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(sShow()));
}
qtLearn5PictureResize::~qtLearn5PictureResize()
{}
// 放大操作
void qtLearn5PictureResize::bShow()
{
*img = img->scaled(100, 100, Qt::IgnoreAspectRatio);
// 显示图片
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(*img));
}
// 缩小操作
void qtLearn5PictureResize::sShow()
{
*img = img->scaled(60, 60, Qt::IgnoreAspectRatio);
// 显示图片
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(*img));
}
图片中加文字
qtLearn5PictureAddCharacter.cpp:
#include "qtLearn5PictureAddCharacter.h"
#include <QImage>
#include <QPainter>
#include <QLabel>
qtLearn5PictureAddCharacter::qtLearn5PictureAddCharacter(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QLabel
QLabel* label = new QLabel(this);
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 300, 250));
//label->setText("图片已经生成，保存在项目文件中[text.jpg]。");
// 实例 QImage
QImage image = QPixmap(":/new/prefix/bg.png").toImage();
// 实例 QPainter
QPainter painter(&image);
// 设置画刷模式
painter.setCompositionMode(QPainter::CompositionMode_SourceIn);
// 改变画笔和字体
QPen pen = painter.pen();
pen.setColor(Qt::red);
QFont font = painter.font();
font.setBold(true); // 加粗
font.setPixelSize(25); // 改变字体大小
painter.setPen(pen);
painter.setFont(font);
// 将文字绘制在图片中心位置
painter.drawText(image.rect(), Qt::AlignCenter, "你好，朋友");
// 这个为这个图片压缩度 0/100
int n = 100;
// 保存图片
image.save("text.jpg", "JPG", n);
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(image));
}
qtLearn5PictureAddCharacter::~qtLearn5PictureAddCharacter()
{}
图像扭曲
qtLearn5PictureWarp.h:
#pragma once
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include <QPainter>
#include "ui_qtLearn5PictureWarp.h"
class qtLearn5PictureWarp : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
qtLearn5PictureWarp(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~qtLearn5PictureWarp();
protected:
void paintEvent(QPaintEvent*);
private:
Ui::qtLearn5PictureWarpClass ui;
};
qtLearn5PictureWarp.cpp:
#include "qtLearn5PictureWarp.h"
#include <QPainter>
qtLearn5PictureWarp::qtLearn5PictureWarp(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
}
qtLearn5PictureWarp::~qtLearn5PictureWarp()
{}
void qtLearn5PictureWarp::paintEvent(QPaintEvent*)
{
// 实例 QPainter
QPainter painter(this);
// 实例 QPixmap
QPixmap pix;
// 加载图片
pix.load(":/new/prefix/bg.png");
// 原图显示
painter.drawPixmap(0, 50, 183, 160, pix);
// 扭曲
painter.shear(0.5, 0); // 横向扭曲
// 绘制扭曲图
painter.drawPixmap(190, 50, 183, 160, pix);
}
模糊效果
qtLearn5Blur.cpp:
#include "qtLearn5Blur.h"
#include <QLabel>
#include <QGraphicsBlurEffect>
qtLearn5Blur::qtLearn5Blur(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QLabel
QLabel* label = new QLabel(this);
// QLabel 位置
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 254, 153));
// 实例 QImage
QImage* img = new QImage;
// 加载图片
img->load(":/new/prefix/yu.png");
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(*img));
// 实例 QGraphicsBlurEffect
QGraphicsBlurEffect* effrct = new QGraphicsBlurEffect(this);
// 模糊值 值越大越模糊
effrct->setBlurRadius(5);
label->setGraphicsEffect(effrct);
}
qtLearn5Blur::~qtLearn5Blur()
{}
着色效果
qtLearn5Coloration.cpp:
#include "qtLearn5Coloration.h"
#include <QLabel>
#include <QGraphicsColorizeEffect>
qtLearn5Coloration::qtLearn5Coloration(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QLabel
QLabel* label = new QLabel(this);
// QLabel 位置
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 254, 153));
// 实例 QImage
QImage* img = new QImage;
// 加载图片
img->load(":/new/prefix/yu.png");
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(*img));
// 实例 QGraphicsColorizeEffect
QGraphicsColorizeEffect* effect = new QGraphicsColorizeEffect(this);
// 设定着色
effect->setColor(QColor(0, 0, 192));
label->setGraphicsEffect(effect);
}
qtLearn5Coloration::~qtLearn5Coloration()
{}
阴影效果
qtLearn5Shadows.cpp:
#include "qtLearn5Shadows.h"
#include <QLabel>
#include <QGraphicsDropShadowEffect>
qtLearn5Shadows::qtLearn5Shadows(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QLabel
QLabel* label = new QLabel(this);
// QLabel 位置
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 254, 153));
// 实例 QImage
QImage* img = new QImage;
// 加载图片
img->load(":/new/prefix/yu.png");
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(*img));
// 实例 QGraphicsDropShadowEffect
QGraphicsDropShadowEffect* effect = new QGraphicsDropShadowEffect(this);
// 设定阴影
effect->setOffset(8, 8);
label->setGraphicsEffect(effect);
}
qtLearn5Shadows::~qtLearn5Shadows()
{}
透明效果
qtLearn5TransparentEffect.cpp:
#include "qtLearn5TransparentEffect.h"
#include <QLabel>
#include <QGraphicsOpacityEffect>
qtLearn5TransparentEffect::qtLearn5TransparentEffect(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QLabel
QLabel* label = new QLabel(this);
// QLabel 位置
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 254, 153));
// 实例 QImage
QImage* img = new QImage;
// 加载图片
img->load(":/new/prefix/yu.png");
label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(*img));
// 实例 QGraphicsOpacityEffect
QGraphicsOpacityEffect* effect = new QGraphicsOpacityEffect(this);
// 设置透明值
effect->setOpacity(0.5);
label->setGraphicsEffect(effect);
}
qtLearn5TransparentEffect::~qtLearn5TransparentEffect() {}
多媒体应用
音频、视频播放器
CONFIG += qaxcontainer
HEADERS = playerwindow.h
在vs中Qt Projrct Setting的Qt Model中勾选Active Qt(Container)
qtLearn6MovePlayer.h:
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QAxWidget>
#include <QSlider>
#include <QToolButton>
#include <QWidget>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include "ui_qtLearn6MovePlayer.h"
class qtLearn6MovePlayer : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECT
public:
qtLearn6MovePlayer(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
~qtLearn6MovePlayer();
// 播放状态 枚举类型
enum PlayStateConstants { Stopped = 0, Paused = 1, Playing = 2 };
enum ReadyStateConstants {
Uninitialized = 0,
Loading = 1,
Interactive = 3,
Complete = 4
};
// Q_ENUMS() 宏的参数是枚举类型
Q_ENUMS(ReadyStateConstants)
protected:
// 播放进度
void timerEvent(QTimerEvent* event);
private:
Ui::qtLearn6MovePlayerClass ui;
QAxWidget* axWidget; // 播放器
QToolButton* openButton; // 浏览按钮
QToolButton* playPauseButton; // 暂停播放按钮
QToolButton* stopButton; // 停止播放按钮
QSlider* seekSlider; // 进度条
QString fileFilters; // 文件格式
int updateTimer; // 播放进度
QWidget* widget; // QWidget
private slots:
void openFile();
void onPlayStateChange(int oldState, int newState);
void onReadyStateChange(ReadyStateConstants readyState);
void onPositionChange(double oldPos, double newPos);
void sliderValueChanged(int newValue);
};
qtLearn6MovePlayer.cpp:
#include "qtLearn6MovePlayer.h"
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QHBoxLayout>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
qtLearn6MovePlayer::qtLearn6MovePlayer(QWidget* parent) : QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QAxWidget（播放器插件）
axWidget = new QAxWidget;
// 注册表键值，调用插件
/*
* 老版本ID "22D6F312-B0F6-11D0-94AB-0080C74C7E95" (Windows Media
* Player 6.4)，向后兼容
* 新版本ID "6BF52A52-394A-11D3-B153-00C04F79FAA6" (Windows Media Player 10)
*/
axWidget->setControl("{22D6F312-B0F6-11D0-94AB-0080C74C7E95}");
axWidget->setProperty("ShowControls", false);
axWidget->setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy::Expanding, QSizePolicy::Expanding);
connect(axWidget, SIGNAL(PlayStateChange(int, int)), this,
SLOT(onPlayStateChange(int, int)));
connect(axWidget, SIGNAL(ReadyStateChange(ReadyStateConstants)), this,
SLOT(onReadyStateChange(ReadyStateConstants)));
connect(axWidget, SIGNAL(PositionChange(double, double)), this,
SLOT(onPositionChange(double, double)));
// 实例打开文件按钮
openButton = new QToolButton;
openButton->setText(tr("浏览.."));
connect(openButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(openFile()));
// 实例播放暂停按钮
playPauseButton = new QToolButton;
playPauseButton->setText(tr("播放"));
playPauseButton->setEnabled(false); // 按钮不可点击
connect(playPauseButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), axWidget, SLOT(Play()));
// 停止按钮
stopButton = new QToolButton;
stopButton->setText(tr("停止"));
stopButton->setEnabled(false);
connect(stopButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), axWidget, SLOT(Stop()));
// 进度条
seekSlider = new QSlider(Qt::Horizontal);
seekSlider->setEnabled(false);
connect(seekSlider, SIGNAL(valueChange(int)), this,
SLOT(sliderValueChanged(int)));
connect(seekSlider, SIGNAL(sliderPressed()), axWidget, SLOT(Pause()));
// 可播放格式 此处简写下面几个
fileFilters = tr("Video file (*.mpg *.mpeg *.avi *.wmv *.mp4)\n"
"Audio files (*.mp3 *.wav)");
// 初始化播放速度
updateTimer = 0;
// 三个按钮横向布局
QHBoxLayout* buttonLayout = new QHBoxLayout;
buttonLayout->addWidget(openButton);
buttonLayout->addWidget(playPauseButton);
buttonLayout->addWidget(stopButton);
// 纵向布局 上面播放器下面三个按钮
QVBoxLayout* mainLayout = new QVBoxLayout;
mainLayout->addWidget(axWidget);
mainLayout->addLayout(buttonLayout);
mainLayout->addWidget(seekSlider);
// 显示布局控件
widget = new QWidget();
widget->setLayout(mainLayout);
this->setCentralWidget(widget);
}
qtLearn6MovePlayer::~qtLearn6MovePlayer() {}
// 进度条随播放器移动
void qtLearn6MovePlayer::timerEvent(QTimerEvent* event)
{
if (event->timerId() == updateTimer) {
double curPos = axWidget->property("CurrentPosition").toDouble();
onPositionChange(-1, curPos);
}
else {
QWidget::timerEvent(event);
}
}
// 选择音频视频文件
void qtLearn6MovePlayer::openFile()
{
// 定义 QString 变量接受文件
QString fileName =
QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, tr("Select File"), ".", fileFilters);
// 如果文件不为空 则播放
if (!fileName.isEmpty()) {
axWidget->setProperty("FileName", QDir::toNativeSeparators(fileName));
}
}
void qtLearn6MovePlayer::onPlayStateChange(int oldState, int newState)
{
playPauseButton->disconnect(axWidget);
switch (newState) {
case Stopped:
if (updateTimer) {
killTimer(updateTimer);
updateTimer = 0;
}
case Paused:
connect(playPauseButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), axWidget, SLOT(Play()));
stopButton->setEnabled(false);
playPauseButton->setText(tr("播放"));
break;
case Playing:
if (!updateTimer) {
updateTimer = startTimer(100);
}
connect(playPauseButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), axWidget,
SLOT(Paused()));
stopButton->setEnabled(true);
playPauseButton->setText(tr("暂停"));
}
}
void qtLearn6MovePlayer::onReadyStateChange(ReadyStateConstants readyState)
{
if (readyState == Complete) {
double duration = 60 * axWidget->property("DUration").toDouble();
seekSlider->setMinimum(0);
seekSlider->setMaximum(int(duration));
seekSlider->setEnabled(true);
playPauseButton->setEnabled(true);
}
}
void qtLearn6MovePlayer::onPositionChange(double oldPos, double newPos)
{
seekSlider->blockSignals(true);
seekSlider->setValue(int(newPos * 60));
seekSlider->blockSignals(false);
}
void qtLearn6MovePlayer::sliderValueChanged(int newValue)
{
seekSlider->blockSignals(true);
axWidget->setProperty("CurrentPosition", double(newValue) / 60);
seekSlider->blockSignals(false);
}
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-ewJZj21X-1664264171658)(…/images/image-20220815162202829.png)]
使用 “6BF52A52-394A-11D3-B153-00C04F79FAA6” Windows Media Player 10：
播放 Flash 动画
qtLearn5FlashPlayer.cpp：
#include "qtLearn5FlashPlayer.h"
#include <QAxWidget>
#include <QDir>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QWidget>
qtLearn5FlashPlayer::qtLearn5FlashPlayer(QWidget* parent) : QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QAxWidget
QAxWidget* flash = new QAxWidget(0, 0);
// 显示大小
flash->resize(460, 370); // 设置该空间的初始大小
// 设置注册表键值 调用 ActiveX 插件
flash->setControl(
QString::fromUtf8("{d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000}"));
// 设置控制器
// 文件路径 注意如果发布可执行文件 播放文字路劲需要拷贝一份
flash->dynamicCall("LoadMove(long,string)", 0,
QDir::currentPath() + "/flash/map.swf");
// 纵向布局
QVBoxLayout* layout = new QVBoxLayout;
// 布局填充 QAxWidget
layout->addWidget(flash);
// 实例 QWidget
QWidget* widget = new QWidget();
widget->setLayout(layout);
// 界面显示
this->setCentralWidget(widget);
// 界面标题为路劲注意查看路径
this->setWindowTitle(QDir::currentPath());
}
qtLearn5FlashPlayer::~qtLearn5FlashPlayer() {}
flash不支持64位，且需要安装FlashActiveX插件
播放图片动画
qtLearn6ImagePlayer.h:
#pragma once
#include <QLabel>
#include <QPixmap>
#include <QTimer>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include "ui_qtLearn6ImagePlayer.h"
class qtLearn6ImagePlayer : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECT
public:
qtLearn6ImagePlayer(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
~qtLearn6ImagePlayer();
private:
Ui::qtLearn6ImagePlayerClass ui;
QPixmap* pm;
QLabel* label;
QTimer* timer;
private slots:
void changeImg();
};
qtLearn6ImagePlayer.cpp:
#include "qtLearn6ImagePlayer.h"
#include <QDebug>
qtLearn6ImagePlayer::qtLearn6ImagePlayer(QWidget* parent) : QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
//实例 QPixmap
pm = new QPixmap;
//加载第一张图片
pm->load(":/image/a0");
//实例 QLabel
label = new QLabel(this);
//位置
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 350, 150));
// Label 加载 QPixmap
label->setPixmap(*pm);
//实例 QTimer
timer = new QTimer;
//事件
connect(timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(changeImg()));
//启动 QTimer
timer->start(100);
}
qtLearn6ImagePlayer::~qtLearn6ImagePlayer() {}
//初始值
int i = -1;
void qtLearn6ImagePlayer::changeImg()
{
// i 不可大于 7，因为只准备了 8 张图片，i 从 0 开始。
if (i < 7) {
//每次 QTimer 执行 i+1；
i++;
//资源文件图片变量
QString str = ":/image/a" + QString::number(i);
//加载图片路径
pm->load(str.toUtf8());
// QLabel 显示图片
label->setPixmap(*pm);
}
else {
//循环一圈后，回到初始值，继续执行。
i = -1;
}
}
操作系统
获取屏幕分辨率
qtLearn7ScreenResolution.cpp:
#include "qtLearn7ScreenResolution.h"
#include <QDesktopWidget>
#include <QLabel>
qtLearn7ScreenResolution::qtLearn7ScreenResolution(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QLabel
QLabel* label = new QLabel(this);
// QLabel 位置
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 250, 25));
// 实例 QDesktopWidget
QDesktopWidget* desktopWidget = QApplication::desktop();
// 实例 QRect 接受屏幕信息
QRect screenRect = desktopWidget->screenGeometry();
// 定义字符串
QString str = "屏幕分辨率为: ";
// 屏幕宽度
int sWidth = screenRect.width();
// 屏幕高度
int sHeight = screenRect.height();
// 输出结果
label->setText(
str + QString::number(sWidth, 10) + " " +
QString::number(sHeight, 10)); // QString::number 第二个参数转换进制
}
qtLearn7ScreenResolution::~qtLearn7ScreenResolution() {}
注：
用 Qt5 之前的编译版本，Qt 6.0 及之后版本，QDesktopWidget 已从 QtWidgets 模块中被彻底移除，可使用 QtGui::QScreen 代替 QtWidgets::QDesktopWidget
获取本机名、IP地址
qtLearn7GetAddressByLocalhost.cpp:
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include "qtLearn7GetAddressByLocalhost.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QtNetwork/QHostInfo>
qtLearn7GetAddressByLocalhost::qtLearn7GetAddressByLocalhost(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 获取计算机名称
QString localHostName = QHostInfo::localHostName();
qDebug() << "计算机名: " << localHostName;
// 遍历 IP 地址
QHostInfo info = QHostInfo::fromName(localHostName);
// 遍历地址，只获取 IPV4 地址
foreach (QHostAddress address, info.addresses()) {
if (address.protocol() == QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol) {
qDebug() << "ipv4地址: " << address.toString();
}
}
}
qtLearn7GetAddressByLocalhost::~qtLearn7GetAddressByLocalhost() {}
输出：
计算机名: "wgq"
ipv4地址: "192.168.1.2"
根据网址获取IP地址
qt 添加 network 模块
qtLraen7GetIPAddress.h:
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QLabel>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QtNetwork/QHostInfo>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include "ui_qtLraen7GetIPAddress.h"
class qtLraen7GetIPAddress : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECT
public:
qtLraen7GetIPAddress(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
~qtLraen7GetIPAddress();
private:
Ui::qtLraen7GetIPAddressClass ui;
QLabel* label;
QPushButton* button;
QLineEdit* edit;
QLabel* result;
private slots:
void sendUrl();
void lookedUp(const QHostInfo& host);
};
qtLraen7GetIPAddress.cpp:
#include "qtLraen7GetIPAddress.h"
#include <QtNetwork/QHostInfo>
qtLraen7GetIPAddress::qtLraen7GetIPAddress(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QLabel
label = new QLabel(this);
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 40, 25));
label->setText("网址: ");
// 实例 QLineEdit
edit = new QLineEdit(this);
edit->setGeometry(QRect(100, 50, 150, 25));
edit->setText("www.baidu.com");
// 实例 QPushButton
button = new QPushButton(this);
button->setGeometry(QRect(260, 50, 80, 25));
button->setText("查询");
connect(button, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(sendUrl()));
// 实例 QLabel
result = new QLabel(this);
result->setGeometry(QRect(50, 90, 250, 25));
}
qtLraen7GetIPAddress::~qtLraen7GetIPAddress() {}
void qtLraen7GetIPAddress::sendUrl()
{
QHostInfo::lookupHost(edit->text(), this, SLOT(lookedUp(QHostInfo)));
}
void qtLraen7GetIPAddress::lookedUp(const QHostInfo& host)
{
result->setText("IP地址: " + host.addresses().first().toString());
}
判断键盘按下键值
QtLearn7JudgeKey.h
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QLabel>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include "ui_QtLearn7JudgeKey.h"
class QtLearn7JudgeKey : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECT
public:
QtLearn7JudgeKey(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
~QtLearn7JudgeKey();
// 键盘事件方法
void keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent* event);
private:
Ui::QtLearn7JudgeKeyClass ui;
QLabel* label;
};
QtLearn7JudgeKey.cpp:
#include "QtLearn7JudgeKey.h"
#include <QKeyEvent>
QtLearn7JudgeKey::QtLearn7JudgeKey(QWidget* parent) : QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QLabel
label = new QLabel(this);
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 200, 25));
label->setText("按Q键改变文字");
}
QtLearn7JudgeKey::~QtLearn7JudgeKey() {}
// 键盘事件
void QtLearn7JudgeKey::keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent* event)
{
// 键值如果等于Q
if (event->key() == Qt::Key_Q) {
label->setText("你按下了Q键");
}
}
获取系统环境变量
QtLearn7GetSystemEnvironVariables.cpp:
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include "QtLearn7GetSystemEnvironVariables.h"
#include <QListView>
#include <QProcess>
#include <QStringListModel>
QtLearn7GetSystemEnvironVariables::QtLearn7GetSystemEnvironVariables(
QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 标题
this->setWindowTitle("获取Path环境变量");
// 实例 QListView
QListView* listView = new QListView(this);
// QListView 位置
listView->setGeometry(QRect(10, 15, 450, 350));
// 实例 QStringList 接受 path 系统变量
QStringList strList = QProcess::systemEnvironment();
// 装载数据模型
QStringListModel* model = new QStringListModel(strList);
// 绑定数据
listView->setModel(model);
}
QtLearn7GetSystemEnvironVariables::~QtLearn7GetSystemEnvironVariables() {}
执行系统命令
QtLearn7RunSystemCommand.h:
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include "ui_QtLearn7RunSystemCommand.h"
#include <QLabel>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QPlainTextEdit>
#include <QProcess>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
class QtLearn7RunSystemCommand : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECT
public:
QtLearn7RunSystemCommand(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
~QtLearn7RunSystemCommand();
private:
Ui::QtLearn7RunSystemCommandClass ui;
QLineEdit* comn; // dos 命令输入框
QPlainTextEdit* outEdit; // 命令执行反馈框
QPushButton* btClick; // 执行按钮
QProcess* process; // QProcess
QString output; // 接受反馈信息
QLabel* label;
private slots:
void clickExecution(); // 点击按钮事件
void readOutput(); // QProcess 事件
};
QtLearn7RunSystemCommand.cpp:
#include "QtLearn7RunSystemCommand.h"
QtLearn7RunSystemCommand::QtLearn7RunSystemCommand(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例命令输入框
comn = new QLineEdit(this);
comn->setText("ipconfig");
comn->setGeometry(QRect(20, 20, 260, 25));
// 实例执行按钮
btClick = new QPushButton(this);
btClick->setText("执行");
btClick->setGeometry(QRect(290, 20, 80, 25));
connect(btClick, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(clickExecution()));
// 实例输出对话框
outEdit = new QPlainTextEdit(this);
outEdit->setGeometry(QRect(20, 60, 450, 200));
// 实例 QProcess
process = new QProcess;
connect(process, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(readOutput()));
// dos 命令查阅
label = new QLabel(this);
label->setGeometry(QRect(30, 265, 200, 25));
label->setText(tr(
"<a href=\"http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=dos命令大全\">命令DOS查阅</a>"));
// 开启超链接
label->setOpenExternalLinks(true);
}
QtLearn7RunSystemCommand::~QtLearn7RunSystemCommand() {}
// 执行 DOS 命令
void QtLearn7RunSystemCommand::clickExecution()
{
// 定义变量接受 dos 命令
QString info = comn->text();
// 执行命令
process->start(info);
// 绑定反馈值
// outEdit->setPlainText(output);
}
// QProcess 事件
void QtLearn7RunSystemCommand::readOutput()
{
// 接受反馈信息
output += QString::fromLocal8Bit(process->readAll());
// 将返回值绑定控件
outEdit->setPlainText(output);
}
注册表
写入注册表
QtLearn8WriteRegedit.cpp:
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include "QtLearn8WriteRegedit.h"
#include <QSettings>
QtLearn8WriteRegedit::QtLearn8WriteRegedit(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QSettings
// 参数 1：注册表位置
// 参数 2：操作 windows 注册表 QSettings::NativeFormat
// 说明：QSettings::IniFormat 读写 ini 格式的配置文件
QSettings* reg = new QSettings("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Qt01",
QSettings::NativeFormat);
// 设定值有修改，没有创建
reg->setValue("键名001", "值001");
reg->setValue("键名002", true);
// 用完删除QSettings
delete reg;
}
QtLearn8WriteRegedit::~QtLearn8WriteRegedit() {}
查找注册表
QtLraen8FindRegedit.cpp:
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include "QtLraen8FindRegedit.h"
#include <QLabel>
#include <QSettings>
QtLraen8FindRegedit::QtLraen8FindRegedit(QWidget* parent) : QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 输出键值
QLabel* label = new QLabel(this);
label->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 200, 25));
// 实例 QSettings
// 参数 1：注册表在前面注册的QT001
QSettings* reg = new QSettings("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Qt01",
QSettings::NativeFormat);
// 判断 value 是否为空，不为空则输出
if (reg->value("键名001") != "") {
QString str = reg->value("键名001").toString();
label->setText("键名001::" + reg->value("键名001").toString());
}
// 删除 QSettings
delete reg;
}
QtLraen8FindRegedit::~QtLraen8FindRegedit() {}
修改 IE 浏览器的默认主页
想要修改注册表中软件的信息，首先需要找到该软件对应的键，例：IE键路径如下：[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main]子项，找到名称为“Start Page”的项
QtLearn8RemoveIEHome.cpp:
#include "QtLearn8RemoveIEHome.h"
#include <QSettings>
QtLearn8RemoveIEHome::QtLearn8RemoveIEHome(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QSettings
QSettings* reg = new QSettings(
"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Internet Explorer\\Main",
QSettings::NativeFormat);
// 判断value是否为空，不为空则输出
if (reg->value("Start Page") != "") {
// IE 默认主页修改为百度
reg->setValue("Start Page", "http://www.baidu.com");
}
// 删除 QSettings
delete reg;
}
QtLearn8RemoveIEHome::~QtLearn8RemoveIEHome() {}
数据库
安装 sqlite3 并配置环境：
在.pro工程文件加sql:
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
private slots:
void initDb();
void createTable();
void insertRecord(const QString &name, int age);
void deleteRecord(const QString &name);
void updateRecord(const QString &name, int age);
int searchRecord(const QString &name);
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QSqlDatabase>
#include <QSqlError>
#include <QSqlQuery>
#include <QDebug>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
initDb();
}
// 表的初始化
void MainWindow::initDb()
{
qDebug()<<QSqlDatabase::drivers();//打印驱动列表
QSqlDatabase db;
//检测已连接的方式 - 默认连接名
//QSqlDatabase::contains(QSqlDatabase::defaultConnection)
if(QSqlDatabase::contains("qt_sql_default_connection"))
db = QSqlDatabase::database("qt_sql_default_connection");
else
db = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE");
//检测已连接的方式 - 自定义连接名
/*if(QSqlDatabase::contains("mysql_connection"))
db = QSqlDatabase::database("mysql_connection");
else
db = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE","mysql_connection");*/
//设置数据库路径，不存在则创建
db.setDatabaseName("sqltest.db");
//db.setUserName("gongjianbo"); //SQLite不需要用户名和密码
//db.setPassword("qq654344883");
//打开数据库
if(db.open()){
qDebug()<<"open success";
createTable();
insertRecord("ww",123);
qDebug() << searchRecord("ww");
//关闭数据库
db.close();
} else {
qDebug()<<"open error";
}
}
// 创建表
void MainWindow::createTable(){
//sql语句不熟悉的推荐《sql必知必会》，轻松入门
//如果不存在则创建my_table表
//id自增,name唯一 字符串前面加R，字符串不被转义
const QString sql=R"(
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS my_table (
id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT NOT NULL,
name CHAR (50) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
age INTEGER
);)";
//QSqlQuery构造前，需要db已打开并连接
//未指定db或者db无效时使用默认连接进行操作
QSqlQuery query;
if(query.exec(sql)){
qDebug()<<"init table success";
}else{
//打印sql语句错误信息
qDebug()<<"init table error"<<query.lastError();
}
}
//插入数据
void MainWindow::insertRecord(const QString &name, int age)
{
QSqlQuery query;
//方式一，直接执行SQL语句
query.exec(QString(R"(INSERT INTO my_table(name,age) VALUES('%1',%2);)")
.arg(name).arg(age));
//方式二，绑定值，待定变量默认用问号占位,注意字符串也没有引号
/*query.prepare(R"(INSERT INTO my_table(name,age) VALUES(?,?);)");
query.addBindValue(name);
query.addBindValue(age);
query.exec();*/
}
//删除数据
void MainWindow::deleteRecord(const QString &name)
{
QSqlQuery query;
//方式一，直接执行SQL语句
query.exec(QString(R"(DELETE FROM my_table WHERE name='%1';)")
.arg(name));
//方式二，绑定值，待定变量默认用问号占位
/*query.prepare(R"(DELETE FROM my_table WHERE name=?;)");
query.addBindValue(name);
query.exec();*/
}
//更新数据
void MainWindow::updateRecord(const QString &name, int age)
{
QSqlQuery query;
//方式一，直接执行SQL语句
query.exec(QString(R"(UPDATE my_table SET age=%2 WHERE name='%1';)")
.arg(name).arg(age));
//方式二，绑定值，待定变量默认问号，可自定义
/*query.prepare(R"(UPDATE my_table SET age=:age WHERE name=:name;)");
query.bindValue(":name",name);//通过自定义的别名来替代
query.bindValue(":age",age);
query.exec();*/
}
//查询数据
int MainWindow::searchRecord(const QString &name)
{
QSqlQuery query;
query.exec(QString(R"(SELECT age FROM my_table WHERE name='%1';)")
.arg(name));
//获取查询结果的第0个值，
//如果结果是多行数据，可用while(query.next()){}遍历每一行
int ageValue=-1;
if(query.next()){
ageValue=query.value(0).toInt();
}
qDebug()<<ageValue;
return ageValue;
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
注：
- lastError 输出sql错误信息
#include <QSqlError>
...
QSqlQuery query;
qDebug() << "init table error" << query.lastError();
- 查询数据需要next、first
查询语句的结果需要next或first才能得到第一条数据，否则record停留在上一条记录
QSqlQuery query;
const QString sql = R"(SELECT age FROM my_table WHERE name='%1';
if(query.exec(sql.arg(name))){
...sqlerror
} else {
if (query.next()){
...success...
} else {
...no select...
}
}
查询数据库驱动
qtLearn9QueryDBDriver.cpp:
#include "qtLearn9QueryDBDriver.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QtSql/QSqlDatabase>
qtLearn9QueryDBDriver::qtLearn9QueryDBDriver(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
// 实例 QStringList 接收驱动信息
QStringList drivers = QSqlDatabase::drivers();
// 循环输出
foreach (QString driver, drivers) {
qDebug() << "\r" << driver;
}
}
qtLearn9QueryDBDriver::~qtLearn9QueryDBDriver() {}
输出：
"QSQLITE"
"QODBC"
"QODBC3"
"QPSQL"
"QPSQL7"
网络开发
TCP服务端
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QDebug>
#include <QFile>
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QMetaType>
#include <QSet>
#include <QStandardPaths>
#include <QTcpServer>
#include <QTcpSocket>
namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
}
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit MainWindow(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
signals:
void newMessage(QString);
private slots:
void newConnection();
void appendToSocketList(QTcpSocket* socket);
void readSocket();
void discardSocket();
void displayError(QAbstractSocket::SocketError socketError);
void displayMessage(const QString& str);
void sendMessage(QTcpSocket* socket);
void sendAttachment(QTcpSocket* socket, QString filePath);
void on_pushButton_sendMessage_clicked();
void on_pushButton_sendAttachment_clicked();
void refreshComboBox();
private:
Ui::MainWindow* ui;
QTcpServer* m_server; // 服务器指针
QSet<QTcpSocket*> connection_set; // 客户端连接列表
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent), ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
m_server = new QTcpServer();
// 监听
if (m_server->listen(QHostAddress::Any, 8080)) {
connect(this, &MainWindow::newMessage, this,
&MainWindow::displayMessage); // 监听消息
connect(m_server, &QTcpServer::newConnection, this,
&MainWindow::newConnection); // 监听连接
ui->statusBar->showMessage("Server is listening...");
}
else {
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPServer",
QString("Unable to start the server: %1.")
.arg(m_server->errorString()));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
foreach (QTcpSocket* socket, connection_set) {
socket->close();
socket->deleteLater();
}
m_server->close();
m_server->deleteLater();
delete ui;
}
// 客户端建立新连接
void MainWindow::newConnection()
{
while (m_server->hasPendingConnections())
appendToSocketList(m_server->nextPendingConnection());
}
// 新客户端绑定服务器连接
void MainWindow::appendToSocketList(QTcpSocket* socket)
{
connection_set.insert(socket);
connect(socket, &QTcpSocket::readyRead, this, &MainWindow::readSocket);
connect(socket, &QTcpSocket::disconnected, this,
&MainWindow::discardSocket);
connect(socket, &QAbstractSocket::errorOccurred, this,
&MainWindow::displayError);
ui->comboBox_receiver->addItem(QString::number(socket->socketDescriptor()));
displayMessage(
QString("INFO :: Client with sockd:%1 has just entered the room")
.arg(socket->socketDescriptor()));
}
// 读取传过来的数据
void MainWindow::readSocket()
{
QTcpSocket* socket = reinterpret_cast<QTcpSocket*>(sender());
QByteArray buffer;
QDataStream socketStream(socket);
// 当操作复杂数据类型时，我们就要确保读取和写入时的QDataStream版本是一样的
// 如果你需要向前和向后兼容，可以在代码中使用硬编码指定流的版本号
socketStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_15);
socketStream.startTransaction();
socketStream >> buffer; // 获取数据流的头
if (!socketStream.commitTransaction()) {
QString message = QString("%1 :: Waiting for more data to come..")
.arg(socket->socketDescriptor());
emit newMessage(message);
return;
}
// 拆分头判断数据类型
QString header = buffer.mid(0, 128);
QString fileType = header.split(",")[0].split(":")[1];
buffer = buffer.mid(128);
if (fileType == "attachment") {
QString fileName = header.split(",")[1].split(":")[1];
QString ext = fileName.split(".")[1];
QString size = header.split(",")[2].split(":")[1].split(";")[0];
if (QMessageBox::Yes ==
QMessageBox::question(
this, "QTCPServer",
QString("You are receiving an attachment from sd:%1 of size: "
"%2 bytes, called %3. Do you want to accept it?")
.arg(socket->socketDescriptor())
.arg(size)
.arg(fileName))) {
QString filePath = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(
this, tr("Save File"),
QStandardPaths::writableLocation(
QStandardPaths::DocumentsLocation) +
"/" + fileName,
QString("File (*.%1)").arg(ext));
QFile file(filePath);
if (file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly)) {
file.write(buffer);
QString message =
QString("INFO :: Attachment from sd:%1 successfully stored "
"on disk under the path %2")
.arg(socket->socketDescriptor())
.arg(QString(filePath));
emit newMessage(message);
}
else
QMessageBox::critical(
this, "QTCPServer",
"An error occurred while trying to write the attachment.");
}
else {
QString message = QString("INFO :: Attachment from sd:%1 discarded")
.arg(socket->socketDescriptor());
emit newMessage(message);
}
}
else if (fileType == "message") {
QString message =
QString("%1 :: %2")
.arg(socket->socketDescriptor())
.arg(QString::fromStdString(buffer.toStdString()));
emit newMessage(message);
}
}
// 客户端断开连接
void MainWindow::discardSocket()
{
QTcpSocket* socket = reinterpret_cast<QTcpSocket*>(sender());
QSet<QTcpSocket*>::iterator it = connection_set.find(socket);
if (it != connection_set.end()) {
displayMessage(QString("INFO :: A client has just left the room")
.arg(socket->socketDescriptor()));
connection_set.remove(*it);
}
refreshComboBox();
socket->deleteLater();
}
// 处理异常 错误弹窗
void MainWindow::displayError(QAbstractSocket::SocketError socketError)
{
switch (socketError) {
case QAbstractSocket::RemoteHostClosedError: break;
case QAbstractSocket::HostNotFoundError:
QMessageBox::information(this, "QTCPServer",
"The host was not found. Please check the "
"host name and port settings.");
break;
case QAbstractSocket::ConnectionRefusedError:
QMessageBox::information(
this, "QTCPServer",
"The connection was refused by the peer. Make sure QTCPServer "
"is running, and check that the host name and port settings "
"are correct.");
break;
default:
QTcpSocket* socket = qobject_cast<QTcpSocket*>(sender());
QMessageBox::information(
this, "QTCPServer",
QString("The following error occurred: %1.")
.arg(socket->errorString()));
break;
}
}
// 服务器发送消息
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_sendMessage_clicked()
{
QString receiver = ui->comboBox_receiver->currentText();
// 发送给所有客户端
if (receiver == "Broadcast") {
foreach (QTcpSocket* socket, connection_set) {
sendMessage(socket);
}
}
//发送给指定客户端
else {
foreach (QTcpSocket* socket, connection_set) {
if (socket->socketDescriptor() == receiver.toLongLong()) {
sendMessage(socket);
break;
}
}
}
ui->lineEdit_message->clear();
}
// 服务器发送文件
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_sendAttachment_clicked()
{
QString receiver = ui->comboBox_receiver->currentText();
QString filePath = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(
this, ("Select an attachment"),
QStandardPaths::writableLocation(QStandardPaths::DocumentsLocation),
("File (*.json *.txt *.png *.jpg *.jpeg)"));
if (filePath.isEmpty()) {
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPClient",
"You haven't selected any attachment!");
return;
}
// 发送给所有客户端
if (receiver == "Broadcast") {
foreach (QTcpSocket* socket, connection_set) {
sendAttachment(socket, filePath);
}
}
// 发送给指定客户端
else {
foreach (QTcpSocket* socket, connection_set) {
if (socket->socketDescriptor() == receiver.toLongLong()) {
sendAttachment(socket, filePath);
break;
}
}
}
ui->lineEdit_message->clear();
}
// 发送消息
void MainWindow::sendMessage(QTcpSocket* socket)
{
if (socket) {
if (socket->isOpen()) {
QString str = ui->lineEdit_message->text();
QDataStream socketStream(socket);
socketStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_15);
QByteArray header;
header.prepend(
QString("fileType:message,fileName:null,fileSize:%1;")
.arg(str.size())
.toUtf8());
header.resize(128);
QByteArray byteArray = str.toUtf8();
byteArray.prepend(header);
socketStream << byteArray;
}
else
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPServer",
"Socket doesn't seem to be opened");
}
else
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPServer", "Not connected");
}
// 发送文件
void MainWindow::sendAttachment(QTcpSocket* socket, QString filePath)
{
if (socket) {
if (socket->isOpen()) {
QFile m_file(filePath);
if (m_file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly)) {
QFileInfo fileInfo(m_file.fileName());
QString fileName(fileInfo.fileName());
QDataStream socketStream(socket);
socketStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_15);
QByteArray header;
header.prepend(
QString("fileType:attachment,fileName:%1,fileSize:%2;")
.arg(fileName)
.arg(m_file.size())
.toUtf8());
header.resize(128);
QByteArray byteArray = m_file.readAll();
byteArray.prepend(header);
socketStream << byteArray;
}
else
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPClient",
"Couldn't open the attachment!");
}
else
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPServer",
"Socket doesn't seem to be opened");
}
else
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPServer", "Not connected");
}
// 消息展示
void MainWindow::displayMessage(const QString& str)
{
ui->textBrowser_receivedMessages->append(str);
}
// 客户端断开后删除combobox中ip连接
void MainWindow::refreshComboBox()
{
ui->comboBox_receiver->clear();
ui->comboBox_receiver->addItem("Broadcast");
foreach (QTcpSocket* socket, connection_set)
ui->comboBox_receiver->addItem(
QString::number(socket->socketDescriptor()));
}
TCP客户端
MainWindow.h:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QAbstractSocket>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QFile>
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QHostAddress>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QMetaType>
#include <QString>
#include <QStandardPaths>
#include <QTcpSocket>
namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
}
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
signals:
void newMessage(QString);
private slots:
void readSocket();
void discardSocket();
void displayError(QAbstractSocket::SocketError socketError);
void displayMessage(const QString& str);
void on_pushButton_sendMessage_clicked();
void on_pushButton_sendAttachment_clicked();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QTcpSocket* socket;
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp:
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent), ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
socket = new QTcpSocket(this);
connect(this, &MainWindow::newMessage, this,
&MainWindow::displayMessage); // 展示消息
connect(socket, &QTcpSocket::readyRead, this,
&MainWindow::readSocket); // 建立连接，读取消息
connect(socket, &QTcpSocket::disconnected, this,
&MainWindow::discardSocket); // 没有成功建立连接
connect(socket, &QAbstractSocket::errorOccurred, this,
&MainWindow::displayError); // 错误异常
socket->connectToHost(QHostAddress::LocalHost, 8080);
if (socket->waitForConnected())
ui->statusBar->showMessage("Connected to Server");
else {
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPClient",
QString("The following error occurred: %1.")
.arg(socket->errorString()));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
if (socket->isOpen())
socket->close();
delete ui;
}
// 读取消息
void MainWindow::readSocket()
{
QByteArray buffer;
QDataStream socketStream(socket);
socketStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_15);
socketStream.startTransaction();
socketStream >> buffer;
if (!socketStream.commitTransaction()) {
QString message = QString("%1 :: Waiting for more data to come..")
.arg(socket->socketDescriptor());
emit newMessage(message);
return;
}
// mid
// 从位置pos开始，从该字节数组返回一个包含len个字节的字节数组。
// 如果len为-1（默认值），或者pos+ len> =size（），
// 则返回一个字节数组，其中包含从位置pos到字节数组末尾的所有字节
QString header = buffer.mid(0, 128);
QString fileType = header.split(",")[0].split(":")[1];
buffer = buffer.mid(128);
// 读取文件
if (fileType == "attachment") {
QString fileName = header.split(",")[1].split(":")[1];
QString ext = fileName.split(".")[1];
QString size = header.split(",")[2].split(":")[1].split(";")[0];
if (QMessageBox::Yes ==
QMessageBox::question(
this, "QTCPServer",
QString("You are receiving an attachment from sd:%1 of size: "
"%2 bytes, called %3. Do you want to accept it?")
.arg(socket->socketDescriptor())
.arg(size)
.arg(fileName))) {
QString filePath = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(
this, tr("Save File"),
QStandardPaths::writableLocation(
QStandardPaths::DocumentsLocation) +
"/" + fileName,
QString("File (*.%1)").arg(ext));
QFile file(filePath);
if (file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly)) {
file.write(buffer);
QString message =
QString("INFO :: Attachment from sd:%1 successfully stored "
"on disk under the path %2")
.arg(socket->socketDescriptor())
.arg(QString(filePath));
emit newMessage(message);
}
else
QMessageBox::critical(
this, "QTCPServer",
"An error occurred while trying to write the attachment.");
}
else {
QString message = QString("INFO :: Attachment from sd:%1 discarded")
.arg(socket->socketDescriptor());
emit newMessage(message);
}
}
// 读取消息
else if (fileType == "message") {
QString message =
QString("%1 :: %2")
.arg(socket->socketDescriptor())
.arg(QString::fromStdString(buffer.toStdString()));
emit newMessage(message);
}
}
// 没有成功连接服务器
void MainWindow::discardSocket()
{
socket->deleteLater();
socket = nullptr;
ui->statusBar->showMessage("Disconnected!");
}
// 错误异常
void MainWindow::displayError(QAbstractSocket::SocketError socketError)
{
switch (socketError) {
case QAbstractSocket::RemoteHostClosedError: break;
case QAbstractSocket::HostNotFoundError:
QMessageBox::information(this, "QTCPClient",
"The host was not found. Please check the "
"host name and port settings.");
break;
case QAbstractSocket::ConnectionRefusedError:
QMessageBox::information(
this, "QTCPClient",
"The connection was refused by the peer. Make sure QTCPServer "
"is running, and check that the host name and port settings "
"are correct.");
break;
default:
QMessageBox::information(
this, "QTCPClient",
QString("The following error occurred: %1.")
.arg(socket->errorString()));
break;
}
}
// 发送消息
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_sendMessage_clicked()
{
if (socket) {
if (socket->isOpen()) {
QString str = ui->lineEdit_message->text();
QDataStream socketStream(socket);
socketStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_15);
QByteArray header;
header.prepend(
QString("fileType:message,fileName:null,fileSize:%1;")
.arg(str.size())
.toUtf8());
header.resize(128);
QByteArray byteArray = str.toUtf8();
byteArray.prepend(header);
socketStream << byteArray;
ui->lineEdit_message->clear();
}
else
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPClient",
"Socket doesn't seem to be opened");
}
else
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPClient", "Not connected");
}
// 发送文件
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_sendAttachment_clicked()
{
if (socket) {
if (socket->isOpen()) {
QString filePath = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(
this, ("Select an attachment"),
QStandardPaths::writableLocation(
QStandardPaths::DocumentsLocation),
("File (*.json *.txt *.png *.jpg *.jpeg)"));
if (filePath.isEmpty()) {
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPClient",
"You haven't selected any attachment!");
return;
}
QFile m_file(filePath);
if (m_file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly)) {
QFileInfo fileInfo(m_file.fileName());
QString fileName(fileInfo.fileName());
QDataStream socketStream(socket);
socketStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_15);
QByteArray header;
// prepend 前置
header.prepend(
QString("fileType:attachment,fileName:%1,fileSize:%2;")
.arg(fileName)
.arg(m_file.size())
.toUtf8());
header.resize(128);
QByteArray byteArray = m_file.readAll();
byteArray.prepend(header);
socketStream << byteArray;
}
else
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPClient",
"Attachment is not readable!");
}
else
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPClient",
"Socket doesn't seem to be opened");
}
else
QMessageBox::critical(this, "QTCPClient", "Not connected");
}
// 展示消息
void MainWindow::displayMessage(const QString& str)
{
ui->textBrowser_receivedMessages->append(str);
}
线程与进程
线程管理器
qtLearn11ProcessManager.h:
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include "ui_qtLearn11ProcessManager.h"
#include <QStandardItemModel>
#include <QTableView>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
class qtLearn11ProcessManager : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECT
public:
qtLearn11ProcessManager(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
~qtLearn11ProcessManager();
private:
Ui::qtLearn11ProcessManagerClass ui;
QTableView* tableView;
QStandardItemModel* model;
QString cPid;
private slots:
// QTableView 行事件
void sendContent(QModelIndex);
//点击删除事件
void deletePro();
};
qtLearn11ProcessManager.cpp:
#include "qtLearn11ProcessManager.h"
#include "windows.h" //1 顺序不可颠倒
#include "tlhelp32.h" //2
#include <QDebug>
#include <QHeaderView>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QProcess>
#include <QPushButton>
qtLearn11ProcessManager::qtLearn11ProcessManager(QWidget* parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
//实例 QListView
tableView = new QTableView(this);
// QListView 位置
tableView->setGeometry(QRect(10, 10, 340, 430));
//实例 QPushButton
QPushButton* button = new QPushButton(this);
button->setGeometry(QRect(500, 450, 80, 25));
button->setText("结束进程");
connect(button, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(deletePro()));
//实例数据模型
model = new QStandardItemModel();
model->setHorizontalHeaderItem(0, new QStandardItem("进程名"));
model->setHorizontalHeaderItem(1, new QStandardItem("PID"));
//获取系统快照句柄，可以获取进程、线程、模块、进程使用的堆的句柄
HANDLE hProcessSnap = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
if (hProcessSnap == FALSE) {
qDebug() << "调用失败";
return;
}
PROCESSENTRY32 pe32;
pe32.dwSize = sizeof(PROCESSENTRY32);
BOOL bRet = Process32First(hProcessSnap, &pe32);
int i = 0;
while (bRet) {
// i++;
前面 2 行不要
// if (i > 1) {
// //获取进程名
// QString pName = QString::fromWCharArray(pe32.szExeFile);
// //追加数据模型第一列
// model->setItem(i - 2, 0, new QStandardItem(pName));
// //获取 PID 号
// QString pid = QString::number(pe32.th32ProcessID);
// //追加数据模型第二列
// model->setItem(i - 2, 1, new QStandardItem(pid));
// }
//获取进程名
QString pName = QString::fromWCharArray(pe32.szExeFile);
//追加数据模型第一列
model->setItem(i - 2, 0, new QStandardItem(pName));
//获取 PID 号
QString pid = QString::number(pe32.th32ProcessID);
//追加数据模型第二列
model->setItem(i - 2, 1, new QStandardItem(pid));
bRet = Process32Next(hProcessSnap, &pe32);
i++;
}
//清理 hProcessSnap
::CloseHandle(hProcessSnap);
//绑定数据
tableView->setModel(model);
//列宽
tableView->setColumnWidth(0, 190);
tableView->setColumnWidth(1, 130);
//选取整行
tableView->setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView::SelectRows);
//不可修改
tableView->setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView::NoEditTriggers);
//行单击事件
connect(tableView, SIGNAL(clicked(QModelIndex)),
SLOT(sendContent(QModelIndex)));
//纵向头隐藏
tableView->verticalHeader()->setVisible(false);
//关闭滚动条
// tableView->setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff);
//隔行变色
tableView->setAlternatingRowColors(true);
}
qtLearn11ProcessManager::~qtLearn11ProcessManager() {}
// QTableView 点击行事件
void qtLearn11ProcessManager::sendContent(QModelIndex)
{
//获取点击行索引
int index = tableView->currentIndex().row();
//将 PID 值赋予 QString 类型保存
cPid = model->data(model->index(index, 1)).toString();
}
//点击结束进程
void qtLearn11ProcessManager::deletePro()
{
if (cPid == "") {
QMessageBox::warning(this, "警告", tr("请选择要结束的进程!!!"));
}
else {
// Taskkill/pid 3184
//结束进程命令
QProcess process(0);
QString dos = "Taskkill";
QStringList list;
list.append("/pid");
list.append(cPid);
//拼接参数，因为 QProcess 不支持中文与空格
process.start(dos, list);
QMessageBox::warning(this, "警告", tr("成功结束!!!"));
}
}
线程 QThread 应用
qtLearn11QThread.h：
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include "ui_qtLearn11QThread.h"
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QThread>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
class qtLearn11QThread : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECT
public:
qtLearn11QThread(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
~qtLearn11QThread();
private:
Ui::qtLearn11QThreadClass ui;
QPushButton* starThread;
QThread* thread;
private slots:
//执行线程
void startFun();
};
qtLearn11QThread.cpp：
#include "qtLearn11QThread.h"
#include <QDebug>
qtLearn11QThread::qtLearn11QThread(QWidget* parent) : QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
//执行线程 1
starThread = new QPushButton(this);
starThread->setText("执行线程 1");
starThread->setGeometry(QRect(30, 50, 100, 25));
connect(starThread, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(startFun()));
}
qtLearn11QThread::~qtLearn11QThread() {}
void qtLearn11QThread::startFun()
{
//实例线程
thread = new QThread();
//启动
thread->start();
int i = 0;
while (true) {
//挂起 1 秒
thread->sleep(1);
i++;
qDebug() << i;
if (i > 2) {
break;
}
}
qDebug() << "结束";
}
线程 QRunnable 应用
runnable.h:
#include <QProgressBar>
#include <QRunnable>
class runnable : public QRunnable {
public:
runnable(QProgressBar* progressBar);
virtual ~runnable();
void run();
private:
QProgressBar* m_ProgressBar;
};
runnable.cpp:
#include "runnable.h"
#include <QProgressBar>
runnable::runnable(QProgressBar* progressBar)
: QRunnable(), m_ProgressBar(progressBar)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
progressBar->setValue(i);
}
}
runnable::~runnable() {}
void runnable::run(){}
qtLearn11QRunnable.h:
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include "ui_qtLearn11QRunnable.h"
#include <QProgressBar>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
class qtLearn11QRunnable : public QMainWindow {
Q_OBJECT
public:
qtLearn11QRunnable(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
~qtLearn11QRunnable();
private:
Ui::qtLearn11QRunnableClass ui;
QPushButton* startButton;
QProgressBar* progressBar;
QProgressBar* progressBar2;
private slots:
void startFun();
};
qtLearn11QRunnable.cpp:
#include "qtLearn11QRunnable.h"
#include "runnable.h"
#include <QProgressBar>
#include <QThreadPool>
qtLearn11QRunnable::qtLearn11QRunnable(QWidget* parent) : QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
//第一个 QProgressBar
progressBar = new QProgressBar(this);
progressBar->setGeometry(QRect(50, 50, 200, 16));
//初始值
progressBar->setValue(0);
//范围值
progressBar->setRange(0, 100000 - 1);
//第二个 QProgressBar
progressBar2 = new QProgressBar(this);
progressBar2->setGeometry(QRect(50, 100, 200, 16));
//初始值
progressBar2->setValue(0);
//范围值
progressBar2->setRange(0, 100000 - 1);
//实例按钮
startButton = new QPushButton(this);
startButton->setGeometry(QRect(260, 45, 80, 25));
startButton->setText("执行");
connect(startButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(startFun()));
}
qtLearn11QRunnable::~qtLearn11QRunnable() {}
//开始执行
void qtLearn11QRunnable::startFun()
{
//实例 runnable 类
runnable* hInst = new runnable(progressBar);
//实例第二个
hInst = new runnable(progressBar2);
//进程池
QThreadPool::globalInstance()->start(hInst);
}
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