C++分割路径和文件名

C++基础功能：将文件路径进行分割，分别获取文件所在的文件夹名称、文件名称、以及文件扩展名

拓展：判断文件路径所在的文件夹是否存在，若不存在则创建文件夹

参考了简书上 1037号森林里一段干木头 的文章，在此附上链接并致谢！
Reference: https://www.jianshu.com/p/fadc2b4cba25
————————————————————————————————————————————

一. 分别获取文件所在的文件夹名称、文件名称、以及文件扩展名

代码：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
 {
    std::string path = "D:\\mydoc\\VS-proj\\SMTDetector\\x64\\Release\\0001.bmp";
    
    int index = path.find_last_of("\\");
    Get folderpath 
    std::string folderPath = path.substr(0, index);
    
    //Get filename with extension
    std::string filename = path.substr(index+1, -1);
    
    //get extension of the file
    int index2 = path.find_last_of(".");
    std::string extendName = path.substr(index2 + 1, -1);

    std::cout << "path:\t" << path << std::endl;
    std::cout << "folderPath:\t" << folderPath << std::endl;
    std::cout << "filename:\t" << filename << std::endl;
    std::cout << "extendName:\t" << extendName << std::endl;

     return 0;
 }

output:

————————————————————————————————————————————

方法二：直接利用c++的——splitpath()函数实现获取盘符，路径，文件名以及带“.”的扩展名。
参考 C/C++解析文件路径，获取盘符、路径、文件名及扩展名

C++解析路径，获取盘符，路径，文件名以及扩展名

//API:

//void _splitpath(const char* path, char* drive, char* dir, char* fname, char* ext);
//
//void _wsplitpath(const wchar_t* path, wchar_t* drive, wchar_t* dir, wchar_t* fname, wchar_t* ext);

其中，各个参数：
// 
path：全路径（IN）

drive：盘符（OUT）

dir：除去盘符和文件名，中间的那段路径（OUT）

fname：文件名，不包含扩展名（OUT）

ext：文件扩展名，包含那个点.（OUT）

#include <stdlib.h> //_makepath()  _splitpath()
#include <stdio.h> //printf()
#define CHAR_SIZE 1024
int main() 
{
	char path_buffer[CHAR_SIZE];
	char drive[CHAR_SIZE];
	char dir[CHAR_SIZE];
	char filename[CHAR_SIZE];
	char ext[CHAR_SIZE];

	_makepath_s(path_buffer,"d","/pathTest/aa/","test","txt");
	printf("Path created with __makepath: %s\n", path_buffer);
	_splitpath_s(path_buffer, drive, dir, filename, ext);
	printf("Path splited:\n");
	printf("  Drive: %s\n", drive);
	printf("  Dir: %s\n", dir);
	printf("  Filename: %s\n", filename);
	printf("  Ext: %s\n", ext);

	return 0;
}

output:

二. 拓展：检测文件所在的文件夹是否存在，如果不存在创建文件夹

如上述所列的文件路径:

std::string path = "D:\\mydoc\\VS-proj\\SMTDetector\\x64\\Release\\0001.bmp";

以下代码实现检测 D:\mydoc\VS-proj\SMTDetector\x64\Release 路径是否存在，如果不存在则创建这一路径。

代码：

#include <iostream>
#include "dirent.h"
#include <direct.h>
using namespace std

To check whether the folder of the file_full_path exists,if not,make the folder.
int DirExistCheck(std::string& path)
{
    //Get folder name 
    std::string folderPath = path.substr(0, path.find_last_of("\\"));
    cout << "folderPath: " << folderPath << endl;
    DIR* filepath = NULL;
    if ((filepath = opendir(folderPath.c_str())) == NULL) 
    {
        cout << "filepath not exist!" << endl;
        int ret = _mkdir(folderPath.c_str()); // ret= 0 create successful，ret= -1 failed
        if (ret != 0)
        {
            return -1;
        }
        cout << "filepath successful created!" << endl;
        return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "filepath exists!" << endl;
    }
    return 0;
    
}

int main()
{
    std::string path = "D:\\mydoc\\VS-proj\\SMTDetector\\x64\\Release\\0001.bmp";
    std::string path = R"(D:\11\0001.bmp)";
    cout << "path: " << path << endl;

    int index = path.find_last_of("\\");
    Get folderpath 
    std::string folderPath = path.substr(0, index);
    DirExistCheck(path);
    return 0;

}

此处用到了第三方库dirent，是需要头文件dirent.h，对于windows用户，获取方法有：

1. 自己github下载源码，dirent源码链接：，然后cmake编译之后，将编译后的dirent.h所在的路径
   $dirent_src_path/build/install/include 添加到上述代码的工程的附加包含目录中

---

2. 直接用上面原作者的，dirent源码链接：，其实作者已经编译好了，下载github工程后，直接去
   /include/direct.h中就可以找到，哈哈哈哈哈哈

---

3. 也可以直接复制下面的代码到工程中创建头文件dirent.h，本人自己用源码编译的（VS2019，应该是可以向下兼容），一千多行，放在本文最后附录吧，哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈。

---

对于linux用户，不用这么麻烦，因为dirent.h就是系统下的一个头文件，在目录/usr/include下，所以直接在代码中大胆#include <dirent.h>吧。

————————————————————————————————————————————

三. 扩展：dirent库的介绍及使用

介绍：

Dirent is a C/C++ programming interface that allows programmers to retrieve information about files and directories under Linux/UNIX. This project provides Linux compatible Dirent interface for Microsoft Windows.

dirent结构体及函数：dirent–文件以及文件夹相关操作(跨平台)

————————————————————————————————————————————
四. 附录：
dirent.h源码：

/*
 * Dirent interface for Microsoft Visual Studio
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1998-2019 Toni Ronkko
 * This file is part of dirent.  Dirent may be freely distributed
 * under the MIT license.  For all details and documentation, see
 * https://github.com/tronkko/dirent
 */
#ifndef DIRENT_H
#define DIRENT_H

/* Hide warnings about unreferenced local functions */
#if defined(__clang__)
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-function"
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning(disable : 4505)
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-function"
#endif

/*
 * Include windows.h without Windows Sockets 1.1 to prevent conflicts with
 * Windows Sockets 2.0.
 */
#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#endif
#include <windows.h>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <errno.h>

/* Indicates that d_type field is available in dirent structure */
#define _DIRENT_HAVE_D_TYPE

/* Indicates that d_namlen field is available in dirent structure */
#define _DIRENT_HAVE_D_NAMLEN

/* Entries missing from MSVC 6.0 */
#if !defined(FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE)
#define FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE 0x40
#endif

/* File type and permission flags for stat(), general mask */
#if !defined(S_IFMT)
#define S_IFMT _S_IFMT
#endif

/* Directory bit */
#if !defined(S_IFDIR)
#define S_IFDIR _S_IFDIR
#endif

/* Character device bit */
#if !defined(S_IFCHR)
#define S_IFCHR _S_IFCHR
#endif

/* Pipe bit */
#if !defined(S_IFFIFO)
#define S_IFFIFO _S_IFFIFO
#endif

/* Regular file bit */
#if !defined(S_IFREG)
#define S_IFREG _S_IFREG
#endif

/* Read permission */
#if !defined(S_IREAD)
#define S_IREAD _S_IREAD
#endif

/* Write permission */
#if !defined(S_IWRITE)
#define S_IWRITE _S_IWRITE
#endif

/* Execute permission */
#if !defined(S_IEXEC)
#define S_IEXEC _S_IEXEC
#endif

/* Pipe */
#if !defined(S_IFIFO)
#define S_IFIFO _S_IFIFO
#endif

/* Block device */
#if !defined(S_IFBLK)
#define S_IFBLK 0
#endif

/* Link */
#if !defined(S_IFLNK)
#define S_IFLNK 0
#endif

/* Socket */
#if !defined(S_IFSOCK)
#define S_IFSOCK 0
#endif

/* Read user permission */
#if !defined(S_IRUSR)
#define S_IRUSR S_IREAD
#endif

/* Write user permission */
#if !defined(S_IWUSR)
#define S_IWUSR S_IWRITE
#endif

/* Execute user permission */
#if !defined(S_IXUSR)
#define S_IXUSR 0
#endif

/* Read group permission */
#if !defined(S_IRGRP)
#define S_IRGRP 0
#endif

/* Write group permission */
#if !defined(S_IWGRP)
#define S_IWGRP 0
#endif

/* Execute group permission */
#if !defined(S_IXGRP)
#define S_IXGRP 0
#endif

/* Read others permission */
#if !defined(S_IROTH)
#define S_IROTH 0
#endif

/* Write others permission */
#if !defined(S_IWOTH)
#define S_IWOTH 0
#endif

/* Execute others permission */
#if !defined(S_IXOTH)
#define S_IXOTH 0
#endif

/* Maximum length of file name */
#if !defined(PATH_MAX)
#define PATH_MAX MAX_PATH
#endif
#if !defined(FILENAME_MAX)
#define FILENAME_MAX MAX_PATH
#endif
#if !defined(NAME_MAX)
#define NAME_MAX FILENAME_MAX
#endif

/* File type flags for d_type */
#define DT_UNKNOWN 0
#define DT_REG S_IFREG
#define DT_DIR S_IFDIR
#define DT_FIFO S_IFIFO
#define DT_SOCK S_IFSOCK
#define DT_CHR S_IFCHR
#define DT_BLK S_IFBLK
#define DT_LNK S_IFLNK

/* Macros for converting between st_mode and d_type */
#define IFTODT(mode) ((mode)&S_IFMT)
#define DTTOIF(type) (type)

/*
 * File type macros.  Note that block devices, sockets and links cannot be
 * distinguished on Windows and the macros S_ISBLK, S_ISSOCK and S_ISLNK are
 * only defined for compatibility.  These macros should always return false
 * on Windows.
 */
#if !defined(S_ISFIFO)
#define S_ISFIFO(mode) (((mode)&S_IFMT) == S_IFIFO)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISDIR)
#define S_ISDIR(mode) (((mode)&S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISREG)
#define S_ISREG(mode) (((mode)&S_IFMT) == S_IFREG)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISLNK)
#define S_ISLNK(mode) (((mode)&S_IFMT) == S_IFLNK)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISSOCK)
#define S_ISSOCK(mode) (((mode)&S_IFMT) == S_IFSOCK)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISCHR)
#define S_ISCHR(mode) (((mode)&S_IFMT) == S_IFCHR)
#endif
#if !defined(S_ISBLK)
#define S_ISBLK(mode) (((mode)&S_IFMT) == S_IFBLK)
#endif

/* Return the exact length of the file name without zero terminator */
#define _D_EXACT_NAMLEN(p) ((p)->d_namlen)

/* Return the maximum size of a file name */
#define _D_ALLOC_NAMLEN(p) ((PATH_MAX) + 1)

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/* Wide-character version */
struct _wdirent {
    /* Always zero */
    long d_ino;

    /* File position within stream */
    long d_off;

    /* Structure size */
    unsigned short d_reclen;

    /* Length of name without \0 */
    size_t d_namlen;

    /* File type */
    int d_type;

    /* File name */
    wchar_t d_name[PATH_MAX + 1];
};
typedef struct _wdirent _wdirent;

struct _WDIR {
    /* Current directory entry */
    struct _wdirent ent;

    /* Private file data */
    WIN32_FIND_DATAW data;

    /* True if data is valid */
    int cached;

    /* Win32 search handle */
    HANDLE handle;

    /* Initial directory name */
    wchar_t* patt;
};
typedef struct _WDIR _WDIR;

/* Multi-byte character version */
struct dirent {
    /* Always zero */
    long d_ino;

    /* File position within stream */
    long d_off;

    /* Structure size */
    unsigned short d_reclen;

    /* Length of name without \0 */
    size_t d_namlen;

    /* File type */
    int d_type;

    /* File name */
    char d_name[PATH_MAX + 1];
};
typedef struct dirent dirent;

struct DIR {
    struct dirent ent;
    struct _WDIR* wdirp;
};
typedef struct DIR DIR;

/* Dirent functions */
static DIR*   opendir(const char* dirname);
static _WDIR* _wopendir(const wchar_t* dirname);

static struct dirent*   readdir(DIR* dirp);
static struct _wdirent* _wreaddir(_WDIR* dirp);

static int readdir_r(DIR* dirp, struct dirent* entry, struct dirent** result);
static int _wreaddir_r(_WDIR* dirp, struct _wdirent* entry,
                       struct _wdirent** result);

static int closedir(DIR* dirp);
static int _wclosedir(_WDIR* dirp);

static void rewinddir(DIR* dirp);
static void _wrewinddir(_WDIR* dirp);

static int scandir(const char* dirname, struct dirent*** namelist,
                   int (*filter)(const struct dirent*),
                   int (*compare)(const struct dirent**,
                                  const struct dirent**));

static int alphasort(const struct dirent** a, const struct dirent** b);

static int versionsort(const struct dirent** a, const struct dirent** b);

/* For compatibility with Symbian */
#define wdirent _wdirent
#define WDIR _WDIR
#define wopendir _wopendir
#define wreaddir _wreaddir
#define wclosedir _wclosedir
#define wrewinddir _wrewinddir

/* Internal utility functions */
static WIN32_FIND_DATAW* dirent_first(_WDIR* dirp);
static WIN32_FIND_DATAW* dirent_next(_WDIR* dirp);

static int dirent_mbstowcs_s(size_t* pReturnValue, wchar_t* wcstr,
                             size_t sizeInWords, const char* mbstr,
                             size_t count);

static int dirent_wcstombs_s(size_t* pReturnValue, char* mbstr,
                             size_t sizeInBytes, const wchar_t* wcstr,
                             size_t count);

static void dirent_set_errno(int error);

/*
 * Open directory stream DIRNAME for read and return a pointer to the
 * internal working area that is used to retrieve individual directory
 * entries.
 */
static _WDIR* _wopendir(const wchar_t* dirname)
{
    _WDIR* dirp;
#if WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(WINAPI_PARTITION_DESKTOP)
    /* Desktop */
    DWORD n;
#else
    /* WinRT */
    size_t n;
#endif
    wchar_t* p;

    /* Must have directory name */
    if (dirname == NULL || dirname[0] == '\0') {
        dirent_set_errno(ENOENT);
        return NULL;
    }

    /* Allocate new _WDIR structure */
    dirp = (_WDIR*)malloc(sizeof(struct _WDIR));
    if (!dirp) { return NULL; }

    /* Reset _WDIR structure */
    dirp->handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
    dirp->patt   = NULL;
    dirp->cached = 0;

    /*
     * Compute the length of full path plus zero terminator
     *
     * Note that on WinRT there's no way to convert relative paths
     * into absolute paths, so just assume it is an absolute path.
     */
#if WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(WINAPI_PARTITION_DESKTOP)
    /* Desktop */
    n = GetFullPathNameW(dirname, 0, NULL, NULL);
#else
    /* WinRT */
    n = wcslen(dirname);
#endif

    /* Allocate room for absolute directory name and search pattern */
    dirp->patt = (wchar_t*)malloc(sizeof(wchar_t) * n + 16);
    if (dirp->patt == NULL) { goto exit_closedir; }

    /*
     * Convert relative directory name to an absolute one.  This
     * allows rewinddir() to function correctly even when current
     * working directory is changed between opendir() and rewinddir().
     *
     * Note that on WinRT there's no way to convert relative paths
     * into absolute paths, so just assume it is an absolute path.
     */
#if WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(WINAPI_PARTITION_DESKTOP)
    /* Desktop */
    n = GetFullPathNameW(dirname, n, dirp->patt, NULL);
    if (n <= 0) { goto exit_closedir; }
#else
    /* WinRT */
    wcsncpy_s(dirp->patt, n + 1, dirname, n);
#endif

    /* Append search pattern \* to the directory name */
    p = dirp->patt + n;
    switch (p[-1]) {
        case '\\':
        case '/':
        case ':':
            /* Directory ends in path separator, e.g. c:\temp\ */
            /*NOP*/;
            break;

        default:
            /* Directory name doesn't end in path separator */
            *p++ = '\\';
    }
    *p++ = '*';
    *p   = '\0';

    /* Open directory stream and retrieve the first entry */
    if (!dirent_first(dirp)) { goto exit_closedir; }

    /* Success */
    return dirp;

    /* Failure */
exit_closedir:
    _wclosedir(dirp);
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Read next directory entry.
 *
 * Returns pointer to static directory entry which may be overwritten by
 * subsequent calls to _wreaddir().
 */
static struct _wdirent* _wreaddir(_WDIR* dirp)
{
    struct _wdirent* entry;

    /*
     * Read directory entry to buffer.  We can safely ignore the return
     * value as entry will be set to NULL in case of error.
     */
    (void)_wreaddir_r(dirp, &dirp->ent, &entry);

    /* Return pointer to statically allocated directory entry */
    return entry;
}

/*
 * Read next directory entry.
 *
 * Returns zero on success.  If end of directory stream is reached, then
 * sets result to NULL and returns zero.
 */
static int _wreaddir_r(_WDIR* dirp, struct _wdirent* entry,
                       struct _wdirent** result)
{
    WIN32_FIND_DATAW* datap;

    /* Read next directory entry */
    datap = dirent_next(dirp);
    if (datap) {
        size_t n;
        DWORD  attr;

        /*
         * Copy file name as wide-character string.  If the file name is too
         * long to fit in to the destination buffer, then truncate file name
         * to PATH_MAX characters and zero-terminate the buffer.
         */
        n = 0;
        while (n < PATH_MAX && datap->cFileName[n] != 0) {
            entry->d_name[n] = datap->cFileName[n];
            n++;
        }
        entry->d_name[n] = 0;

        /* Length of file name excluding zero terminator */
        entry->d_namlen = n;

        /* File type */
        attr = datap->dwFileAttributes;
        if ((attr & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE) != 0) {
            entry->d_type = DT_CHR;
        } else if ((attr & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0) {
            entry->d_type = DT_DIR;
        } else {
            entry->d_type = DT_REG;
        }

        /* Reset dummy fields */
        entry->d_ino    = 0;
        entry->d_off    = 0;
        entry->d_reclen = sizeof(struct _wdirent);

        /* Set result address */
        *result = entry;

    } else {
        /* Return NULL to indicate end of directory */
        *result = NULL;
    }

    return /*OK*/ 0;
}

/*
 * Close directory stream opened by opendir() function.  This invalidates
 * the DIR structure as well as any directory entry read previously by
 * _wreaddir().
 */
static int _wclosedir(_WDIR* dirp)
{
    int ok;
    if (dirp) {
        /* Release search handle */
        if (dirp->handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { FindClose(dirp->handle); }

        /* Release search pattern */
        free(dirp->patt);

        /* Release directory structure */
        free(dirp);
        ok = /*success*/ 0;

    } else {
        /* Invalid directory stream */
        dirent_set_errno(EBADF);
        ok = /*failure*/ -1;
    }
    return ok;
}

/*
 * Rewind directory stream such that _wreaddir() returns the very first
 * file name again.
 */
static void _wrewinddir(_WDIR* dirp)
{
    if (dirp) {
        /* Release existing search handle */
        if (dirp->handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { FindClose(dirp->handle); }

        /* Open new search handle */
        dirent_first(dirp);
    }
}

/* Get first directory entry (internal) */
static WIN32_FIND_DATAW* dirent_first(_WDIR* dirp)
{
    WIN32_FIND_DATAW* datap;
    DWORD             error;

    /* Open directory and retrieve the first entry */
    dirp->handle = FindFirstFileExW(dirp->patt, FindExInfoStandard, &dirp->data,
                                    FindExSearchNameMatch, NULL, 0);
    if (dirp->handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
        /* a directory entry is now waiting in memory */
        datap        = &dirp->data;
        dirp->cached = 1;

    } else {
        /* Failed to open directory: no directory entry in memory */
        dirp->cached = 0;
        datap        = NULL;

        /* Set error code */
        error = GetLastError();
        switch (error) {
            case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
                /* No read access to directory */
                dirent_set_errno(EACCES);
                break;

            case ERROR_DIRECTORY:
                /* Directory name is invalid */
                dirent_set_errno(ENOTDIR);
                break;

            case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
            default:
                /* Cannot find the file */
                dirent_set_errno(ENOENT);
        }
    }
    return datap;
}

/*
 * Get next directory entry (internal).
 *
 * Returns
 */
static WIN32_FIND_DATAW* dirent_next(_WDIR* dirp)
{
    WIN32_FIND_DATAW* p;

    /* Get next directory entry */
    if (dirp->cached != 0) {
        /* A valid directory entry already in memory */
        p            = &dirp->data;
        dirp->cached = 0;

    } else if (dirp->handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
        /* Get the next directory entry from stream */
        if (FindNextFileW(dirp->handle, &dirp->data) != FALSE) {
            /* Got a file */
            p = &dirp->data;
        } else {
            /* The very last entry has been processed or an error occurred
             */
            FindClose(dirp->handle);
            dirp->handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
            p            = NULL;
        }

    } else {
        /* End of directory stream reached */
        p = NULL;
    }

    return p;
}

/*
 * Open directory stream using plain old C-string.
 */
static DIR* opendir(const char* dirname)
{
    struct DIR* dirp;

    /* Must have directory name */
    if (dirname == NULL || dirname[0] == '\0') {
        dirent_set_errno(ENOENT);
        return NULL;
    }

    /* Allocate memory for DIR structure */
    dirp = (DIR*)malloc(sizeof(struct DIR));
    if (!dirp) { return NULL; }
    {
        int     error;
        wchar_t wname[PATH_MAX + 1];
        size_t  n;

        /* Convert directory name to wide-character string */
        error =
            dirent_mbstowcs_s(&n, wname, PATH_MAX + 1, dirname, PATH_MAX + 1);
        if (error) {
            /*
             * Cannot convert file name to wide-character string.  This
             * occurs if the string contains invalid multi-byte sequences or
             * the output buffer is too small to contain the resulting
             * string.
             */
            goto exit_free;
        }

        /* Open directory stream using wide-character name */
        dirp->wdirp = _wopendir(wname);
        if (!dirp->wdirp) { goto exit_free; }
    }

    /* Success */
    return dirp;

    /* Failure */
exit_free:
    free(dirp);
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Read next directory entry.
 */
static struct dirent* readdir(DIR* dirp)
{
    struct dirent* entry;

    /*
     * Read directory entry to buffer.  We can safely ignore the return
     * value as entry will be set to NULL in case of error.
     */
    (void)readdir_r(dirp, &dirp->ent, &entry);

    /* Return pointer to statically allocated directory entry */
    return entry;
}

/*
 * Read next directory entry into called-allocated buffer.
 *
 * Returns zero on success.  If the end of directory stream is reached, then
 * sets result to NULL and returns zero.
 */
static int readdir_r(DIR* dirp, struct dirent* entry, struct dirent** result)
{
    WIN32_FIND_DATAW* datap;

    /* Read next directory entry */
    datap = dirent_next(dirp->wdirp);
    if (datap) {
        size_t n;
        int    error;

        /* Attempt to convert file name to multi-byte string */
        error = dirent_wcstombs_s(&n, entry->d_name, PATH_MAX + 1,
                                  datap->cFileName, PATH_MAX + 1);

        /*
         * If the file name cannot be represented by a multi-byte string,
         * then attempt to use old 8+3 file name.  This allows traditional
         * Unix-code to access some file names despite of unicode
         * characters, although file names may seem unfamiliar to the user.
         *
         * Be ware that the code below cannot come up with a short file
         * name unless the file system provides one.  At least
         * VirtualBox shared folders fail to do this.
         */
        if (error && datap->cAlternateFileName[0] != '\0') {
            error = dirent_wcstombs_s(&n, entry->d_name, PATH_MAX + 1,
                                      datap->cAlternateFileName, PATH_MAX + 1);
        }

        if (!error) {
            DWORD attr;

            /* Length of file name excluding zero terminator */
            entry->d_namlen = n - 1;

            /* File attributes */
            attr = datap->dwFileAttributes;
            if ((attr & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE) != 0) {
                entry->d_type = DT_CHR;
            } else if ((attr & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0) {
                entry->d_type = DT_DIR;
            } else {
                entry->d_type = DT_REG;
            }

            /* Reset dummy fields */
            entry->d_ino    = 0;
            entry->d_off    = 0;
            entry->d_reclen = sizeof(struct dirent);

        } else {
            /*
             * Cannot convert file name to multi-byte string so construct
             * an erroneous directory entry and return that.  Note that
             * we cannot return NULL as that would stop the processing
             * of directory entries completely.
             */
            entry->d_name[0] = '?';
            entry->d_name[1] = '\0';
            entry->d_namlen  = 1;
            entry->d_type    = DT_UNKNOWN;
            entry->d_ino     = 0;
            entry->d_off     = -1;
            entry->d_reclen  = 0;
        }

        /* Return pointer to directory entry */
        *result = entry;

    } else {
        /* No more directory entries */
        *result = NULL;
    }

    return /*OK*/ 0;
}

/*
 * Close directory stream.
 */
static int closedir(DIR* dirp)
{
    int ok;
    if (dirp) {
        /* Close wide-character directory stream */
        ok          = _wclosedir(dirp->wdirp);
        dirp->wdirp = NULL;

        /* Release multi-byte character version */
        free(dirp);

    } else {
        /* Invalid directory stream */
        dirent_set_errno(EBADF);
        ok = /*failure*/ -1;
    }
    return ok;
}

/*
 * Rewind directory stream to beginning.
 */
static void rewinddir(DIR* dirp)
{
    /* Rewind wide-character string directory stream */
    _wrewinddir(dirp->wdirp);
}

/*
 * Scan directory for entries.
 */
static int scandir(const char* dirname, struct dirent*** namelist,
                   int (*filter)(const struct dirent*),
                   int (*compare)(const struct dirent**, const struct dirent**))
{
    struct dirent** files     = NULL;
    size_t          size      = 0;
    size_t          allocated = 0;
    const size_t    init_size = 1;
    DIR*            dir       = NULL;
    struct dirent*  entry;
    struct dirent*  tmp = NULL;
    size_t          i;
    int             result = 0;

    /* Open directory stream */
    dir = opendir(dirname);
    if (dir) {
        /* Read directory entries to memory */
        while (1) {
            /* Enlarge pointer table to make room for another pointer */
            if (size >= allocated) {
                void*  p;
                size_t num_entries;

                /* Compute number of entries in the enlarged pointer table
                 */
                if (size < init_size) {
                    /* Allocate initial pointer table */
                    num_entries = init_size;
                } else {
                    /* Double the size */
                    num_entries = size * 2;
                }

                /* Allocate first pointer table or enlarge existing table */
                p = realloc(files, sizeof(void*) * num_entries);
                if (p != NULL) {
                    /* Got the memory */
                    files     = (dirent**)p;
                    allocated = num_entries;
                } else {
                    /* Out of memory */
                    result = -1;
                    break;
                }
            }

            /* Allocate room for temporary directory entry */
            if (tmp == NULL) {
                tmp = (struct dirent*)malloc(sizeof(struct dirent));
                if (tmp == NULL) {
                    /* Cannot allocate temporary directory entry */
                    result = -1;
                    break;
                }
            }

            /* Read directory entry to temporary area */
            if (readdir_r(dir, tmp, &entry) == /*OK*/ 0) {
                /* Did we get an entry? */
                if (entry != NULL) {
                    int pass;

                    /* Determine whether to include the entry in result */
                    if (filter) {
                        /* Let the filter function decide */
                        pass = filter(tmp);
                    } else {
                        /* No filter function, include everything */
                        pass = 1;
                    }

                    if (pass) {
                        /* Store the temporary entry to pointer table */
                        files[size++] = tmp;
                        tmp           = NULL;

                        /* Keep up with the number of files */
                        result++;
                    }

                } else {
                    /*
                     * End of directory stream reached => sort entries and
                     * exit.
                     */
                    qsort(files, size, sizeof(void*),
                          (int (*)(const void*, const void*))compare);
                    break;
                }

            } else {
                /* Error reading directory entry */
                result = /*Error*/ -1;
                break;
            }
        }

    } else {
        /* Cannot open directory */
        result = /*Error*/ -1;
    }

    /* Release temporary directory entry */
    free(tmp);

    /* Release allocated memory on error */
    if (result < 0) {
        for (i = 0; i < size; i++) { free(files[i]); }
        free(files);
        files = NULL;
    }

    /* Close directory stream */
    if (dir) { closedir(dir); }

    /* Pass pointer table to caller */
    if (namelist) { *namelist = files; }
    return result;
}

/* Alphabetical sorting */
static int alphasort(const struct dirent** a, const struct dirent** b)
{
    return strcoll((*a)->d_name, (*b)->d_name);
}

/* Sort versions */
static int versionsort(const struct dirent** a, const struct dirent** b)
{
    /* FIXME: implement strverscmp and use that */
    return alphasort(a, b);
}

/* Convert multi-byte string to wide character string */
static int dirent_mbstowcs_s(size_t* pReturnValue, wchar_t* wcstr,
                             size_t sizeInWords, const char* mbstr,
                             size_t count)
{
    int error;

#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400

    /* Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 or later */
    error = mbstowcs_s(pReturnValue, wcstr, sizeInWords, mbstr, count);

#else

    /* Older Visual Studio or non-Microsoft compiler */
    size_t n;

    /* Convert to wide-character string (or count characters) */
    n = mbstowcs(wcstr, mbstr, sizeInWords);
    if (!wcstr || n < count) {
        /* Zero-terminate output buffer */
        if (wcstr && sizeInWords) {
            if (n >= sizeInWords) { n = sizeInWords - 1; }
            wcstr[n] = 0;
        }

        /* Length of resulting multi-byte string WITH zero terminator */
        if (pReturnValue) { *pReturnValue = n + 1; }

        /* Success */
        error = 0;

    } else {
        /* Could not convert string */
        error = 1;
    }

#endif
    return error;
}

/* Convert wide-character string to multi-byte string */
static int dirent_wcstombs_s(size_t* pReturnValue, char* mbstr,
                             size_t         sizeInBytes, /* max size of mbstr */
                             const wchar_t* wcstr, size_t count)
{
    int error;

#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400

    /* Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 or later */
    error = wcstombs_s(pReturnValue, mbstr, sizeInBytes, wcstr, count);

#else

    /* Older Visual Studio or non-Microsoft compiler */
    size_t n;

    /* Convert to multi-byte string (or count the number of bytes needed) */
    n = wcstombs(mbstr, wcstr, sizeInBytes);
    if (!mbstr || n < count) {
        /* Zero-terminate output buffer */
        if (mbstr && sizeInBytes) {
            if (n >= sizeInBytes) { n = sizeInBytes - 1; }
            mbstr[n] = '\0';
        }

        /* Length of resulting multi-bytes string WITH zero-terminator */
        if (pReturnValue) { *pReturnValue = n + 1; }

        /* Success */
        error = 0;

    } else {
        /* Cannot convert string */
        error = 1;
    }

#endif
    return error;
}

/* Set errno variable */
static void dirent_set_errno(int error)
{
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400

    /* Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 and later */
    _set_errno(error);

#else

    /* Non-Microsoft compiler or older Microsoft compiler */
    errno = error;

#endif
}

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /*DIRENT_H*/