线程创建的三种方式

继承 Thread 类

public class MyThread extends Thread {
	public void run() {
		System.out.println("MyThread.run()");
	}

	public static void main(String[] args){
		MyThread myThread1 = new MyThread(); // 创建线程
		myThread1.start();  // 启动线程
	}
}

实现 Runnable 接口

如果自己的类已经 extends 另一个类，就无法直接 extends Thread，此时，可以实现一个 Runnable 接口

public class MyRunnable extends OtherClass implements Runnable {
	public void run() {
		System.out.println("MyThread.run()");
	}

	public static void main(String[] args){
		Thread thread = new Thread(new MyRunnable());
		thread.start(); 
	}
} 

实现 Callable 接口

若想线程执行完后有返回值，则可以实现 Callable 接口，搭配 FutureTask 或线程池来获取返回值

• 通过 FutureTask 获取返回值

public class MyCallable implements Callable<String>{
	public String call() throws Exception{
		return "This is return value";
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
		FutureTask<String> task = new FutureTask<>(new MyCallable());
		new Thread(task).start();
		
		// 获取返回值
		String val = task.get();
		System.out.println(val);
	}
}

• 使用线程池

public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
	ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
	Future<String> future = pool.submit(new MyCallable());
	
	try {
		System.out.println(future.get());
	} catch (InterruptedException e) {
	    e.printStackTrace();
	} catch (ExecutionException e) {
	    e.printStackTrace();
	}finally {
		// 关闭线程池
	    pool.shutdown();
	}
}