ListView的使用方法和原理解析

ListView控件的使用，这个控件可以实现滚动和节约代码的效果。可以实现QQ聊天记录的效果等等。

第一步创建xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">

    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        />
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        />
</LinearLayout>

第二步创建一个实体类设配器Fruit

package com.example.listview;

public class Fruit {
    private String name;
    private int imageId;

public Fruit(String name,int imageId) {
    this.name = name;
    this.imageId = imageId;
}
public String getName() {
    return name;
}
public int getImageId() {
    return imageId;
}
}

第三步创建设配器FruitAdapter

package com.example.listview;

import android.content.Context;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.List;

public class FruitAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Fruit> {
    private int resourceId;
    public FruitAdapter(Context content, int textViewResourceId, List<Fruit> objects){
        super(content, textViewResourceId, objects);
        resourceId = textViewResourceId;
    }
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        Fruit fruit = getItem(position);

        View view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId,parent,false);
        ImageView fruitImage =(ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
        TextView fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
        fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
        fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
        Log.d("","输出："+fruitImage);
        return view;
    }
}

第四步输出到页面FruitActivity

package com.example.listview;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class FruitActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.listviewtest);
        initFruits();

        FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(FruitActivity.this,R.layout.activity_main, fruitList);
        ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
        listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
                Fruit fruit = fruitList.get(position);
                if (fruit.getImageId() == R.mipmap.gps_alarm_1) {
                    Toast.makeText(FruitActivity.this,"输出"+fruit.getName()+fruit.getImageId(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }

            }
        });
    }

    private void initFruits() {
        for (int i= 0; i <2; i++) {
            Fruit apple = new Fruit("Apple",R.mipmap.gps_alarm_1);
            fruitList.add(apple);
            Fruit Orange = new Fruit("Orange",R.mipmap.gps_alarm_2);
            fruitList.add(Orange);
        }

    }

}