一、枚举类的说明
1.枚举类的理解:类的对象只有有限个,确定的。我们称此类为枚举类
2.当需要定义一组常量时,强烈建议使用枚举类
3.如果枚举类中只有一个对象,则可以作为单例模式的实现方式
二、如何实现自定义枚举类?步骤:
//自定义枚举类
class Season {
//1.声明Season对象的属性
private final String seasonName;
private final String seasonDesc;
//2.私有化类的构造器
private Season(String seasonName, String seasonDesc) {
this.seasonName = seasonName;
this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
}
//3.提供当前枚举类的多个对象; public static final的对象
public static final Season SPRING = new Season("春天", "春暖花开");
public static final Season SUMMER = new Season("夏天", "夏日炎炎");
public static final Season AUTUMN = new Season("秋天", "秋高气爽");
public static final Season WINTER = new Season("冬天", "冰天雪地");
//4.其他诉求1:获取枚举类对象的属性
public String getSeasonName() {
return seasonName;
}
public String getSeasonDesc() {
return seasonDesc;
}
//4.其他诉求2,提供toString()
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Season{" +
"seasonName='" + seasonName + '\'' +
", seasonDesc='" + seasonDesc + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
三、jdk5.0后使用enum定义枚举类。步骤:
//使用enum关键字枚举类
enum Season1 implements Info{
//1.提供当前枚举类的对象,多个对象之间用","隔开,末尾对象";"结束
SPRING("春天", "春暖花开"){
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("春天在哪里");
}
},
SUMMER("夏天", "夏日炎炎"){
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("宁夏");
}
},
AUTUMN("秋天", "秋高气爽"){
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("秋天不回来");
}
},
WINTER("冬天", "冰天雪地"){
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("大约在冬季");
}
};
//1.声明Season对象的属性
private final String seasonName;
private final String seasonDesc;
//2.私有化类的构造器
private Season1(String seasonName, String seasonDesc) {
this.seasonName = seasonName;
this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
}
//4.其他诉求1:获取枚举类对象的属性
public String getSeasonName() {
return seasonName;
}
public String getSeasonDesc() {
return seasonDesc;
}
// //4.其他诉求2,提供toString()
//
// @Override
// public String toString() {
// return "Season{" +
// "seasonName='" + seasonName + '\'' +
// ", seasonDesc='" + seasonDesc + '\'' +
// '}';
// }
// //情况一
// @Override
// public void show() {
// System.out.println("这是一个季节");
// }
}
四、使用enum定义枚举类之后,枚举类常用方法:(继承于java.lang.Enum类)
Season1 summer = Season1.SUMMER;
//toString():返回枚举类对象的名称
System.out.println(summer.toString());
// System.out.println(Season1.class.getSuperclass());
System.out.println("****************************************");
//values():返回所有的枚举类对象构成的数组
Season1[] values = Season1.values();
for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
System.out.println(values[i]);
}
System.out.println("****************************************");
Thread.State[] values1 = Thread.State.values();
for (Thread.State state : values1) {
System.out.println(state);
}
System.out.println("****************************************");
//valueOf(String objName):返回枚举类中对象名是objName的对象。
//如果没有objName的枚举类对象,则抛异常IllegalArgumentException
Season1 winter = Season1.valueOf("WINTER");
System.out.println(winter);
五、使用enum定义枚举类之后,如何让枚举类对象分别实现接口:
SPRING("春天", "春暖花开"){
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("春天在哪里");
}
},
SUMMER("夏天", "夏日炎炎"){
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("宁夏");
}
}