mdio总线框架概述

emac驱动

emac驱动作为以太网的mac驱动，会做一些工具的初始化，以及接发数据的接口，和mdio总线的注册

emac_probe
	ndev = alloc_etherdev
	ndev->ethtool_ops = &emac_ethtool_ops; // 供上层ethtool工具使用
    ndev->netdev_ops = &emac_netdev_ops; //里面有发送数据的接口
		.ndo_start_xmit         = emac_start_xmit, //核心调用这个发送数据时，发送完成后触发中断，去解除dma映射
	emac_mdio_init
	register_netdev
	netif_napi_add(ndev, &priv->napi, emac_rx_poll, 32); //通过napi来接受数据，在中断处理函数中接受到中断后，就会关掉中断，调度一次emac_rx_poll，emac_rx_poll直到rx_buffer空了，再开中断

mdio总线

简单看下mdio的初始化干了什么，主要就是实现mdio的读写函数，以及对挂在mdio总线的设备就，比如phy,switch设备进行创建和注册

emac_mdio_init
	mii->write = emac_mii_write
	of_mdiobus_register
		mdiobus_register
		of_mdiobus_register_phy

比如这个emac_mdio_init,去到emac节点里找到“mdio-bus”这个属性，然后申请一个mii成员，将emac驱动里面实现的成员函数赋值给mii的成员，然后再通过of_mdiobus_register,将拿到的这个mdio-bus节点，去注册总线和挂在上面的设备

static int emac_mdio_init(struct emac_priv *priv)
{
        struct device_node *mii_np;
        struct device *dev = &priv->pdev->dev;
        int ret;

        mii_np = of_get_child_by_name(dev->of_node, "mdio-bus");
        if (!mii_np) {
                dev_err(dev, "no %s child node found", "mdio-bus");
                return -ENODEV;
        }

        if (!of_device_is_available(mii_np)) {
                ret = -ENODEV;
                goto err_put_node;
        }

        priv->mii = mdiobus_alloc();//devm_mdiobus_alloc(dev);
        if (!priv->mii) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                goto err_put_node;
        }
        priv->mii->priv = priv;
        priv->mii->irq = priv->mdio_irqs;
        priv->mii->name = "emac mii";
        priv->mii->reset = emac_mii_reset;
        priv->mii->read = emac_mii_read;
        priv->mii->write = emac_mii_write;
        snprintf(priv->mii->id, MII_BUS_ID_SIZE, "%pOFn",
                        mii_np);
        priv->mii->parent = dev;
        priv->mii->phy_mask = 0xffffffff;
        ret = of_mdiobus_register(priv->mii, mii_np);

err_put_node:
        of_node_put(mii_np);
        return ret;
}

 写操作其实就是对应的一些MDIO相关寄存器的读写操作

static int emac_mii_write(struct mii_bus *bus, int phy_addr, int regnum,
                            u16 value)
{
        struct emac_priv *priv = bus->priv;
        u32 cmd = 0;
        u32 val;

        emac_wr(priv, MAC_MDIO_DATA, value);

        cmd |= phy_addr & 0x1F;
        cmd |= (regnum & 0x1F) << 5;
        cmd |= MREGBIT_START_MDIO_TRANS;

        /*
         * MDC/MDIO clock is from AXI, add qos to avoid MDC frequency
         * change during MDIO read/write
         */
        pm_qos_update_request(&priv->pm_ddr_qos, INT_MAX);

        emac_wr(priv, MAC_MDIO_CONTROL, cmd);

        val = emac_rd(priv, MAC_MDIO_CONTROL);
        val = val >> 15 & 0x01;

        while (val != 0) {
                val = emac_rd(priv, MAC_MDIO_CONTROL);
                val = val >> 15 & 0x01;
        }

        pm_qos_update_request(&priv->pm_ddr_qos, PM_QOS_DEFAULT_VALUE);
        return 0;
}

将成员函数填充后，生成一个mdio控制器，可以由mac驱动或者bitbang去调用生成，由于下面phy_mask = ~0; 所以mdiobus_register里面就不会去扫描所有phy了

int of_mdiobus_register(struct mii_bus *mdio, struct device_node *np) 
{
	struct device_node *child;
	bool scanphys = false;
	int addr, rc;

	if (!np)
		return mdiobus_register(mdio);

	/* Do not continue if the node is disabled */
	if (!of_device_is_available(np))
		return -ENODEV;

	/* Mask out all PHYs from auto probing.  Instead the PHYs listed in
	 * the device tree are populated after the bus has been registered */
	mdio->phy_mask = ~0;

	mdio->dev.of_node = np;
	mdio->dev.fwnode = of_fwnode_handle(np);

	/* Get bus level PHY reset GPIO details */
	mdio->reset_delay_us = DEFAULT_GPIO_RESET_DELAY;
	of_property_read_u32(np, "reset-delay-us", &mdio->reset_delay_us);

	/* Register the MDIO bus */
	rc = mdiobus_register(mdio);
	if (rc)
		return rc;

	/* Loop over the child nodes and register a phy_device for each phy */
	for_each_available_child_of_node(np, child) {
		addr = of_mdio_parse_addr(&mdio->dev, child);
		if (addr < 0) {
			scanphys = true;
			continue;
		}

		if (of_mdiobus_child_is_phy(child))
			rc = of_mdiobus_register_phy(mdio, child, addr); //会将mdio节点的子节点进行解析注册
		else
			rc = of_mdiobus_register_device(mdio, child, addr);

		if (rc == -ENODEV)
			dev_err(&mdio->dev,
				"MDIO device at address %d is missing.\n",
				addr);
		else if (rc)
			goto unregister;
	}

	if (!scanphys)
		return 0;

	/* auto scan for PHYs with empty reg property */
	for_each_available_child_of_node(np, child) {
		/* Skip PHYs with reg property set */
		if (of_find_property(child, "reg", NULL))
			continue;

		for (addr = 0; addr < PHY_MAX_ADDR; addr++) {
			/* skip already registered PHYs */
			if (mdiobus_is_registered_device(mdio, addr))
				continue;

			/* be noisy to encourage people to set reg property */
			dev_info(&mdio->dev, "scan phy %pOFn at address %i\n",
				 child, addr);

			if (of_mdiobus_child_is_phy(child)) {
				/* -ENODEV is the return code that PHYLIB has
				 * standardized on to indicate that bus
				 * scanning should continue.
				 */
				rc = of_mdiobus_register_phy(mdio, child, addr);
				if (!rc)
					break;
				if (rc != -ENODEV)
					goto unregister;
			}
		}
	}

	return 0;

unregister:
	of_node_put(child);
	mdiobus_unregister(mdio);
	return rc;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(of_mdiobus_register);

注册mdio总线，后续的phy设备都会在这个总线下面

#define mdiobus_register(bus) __mdiobus_register(bus, THIS_MODULE)
int __mdiobus_register(struct mii_bus *bus, struct module *owner)
{
	struct mdio_device *mdiodev;
	int i, err;
	struct gpio_desc *gpiod;

	if (NULL == bus || NULL == bus->name ||
	    NULL == bus->read || NULL == bus->write)
		return -EINVAL;

	BUG_ON(bus->state != MDIOBUS_ALLOCATED &&
	       bus->state != MDIOBUS_UNREGISTERED);

	bus->owner = owner;
	bus->dev.parent = bus->parent;
	bus->dev.class = &mdio_bus_class;
	bus->dev.groups = NULL;
	dev_set_name(&bus->dev, "%s", bus->id);

	/* We need to set state to MDIOBUS_UNREGISTERED to correctly release
	 * the device in mdiobus_free()
	 *
	 * State will be updated later in this function in case of success
	 */
	bus->state = MDIOBUS_UNREGISTERED;

	err = device_register(&bus->dev);
	if (err) {
		pr_err("mii_bus %s failed to register\n", bus->id);
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	mutex_init(&bus->mdio_lock);

	/* de-assert bus level PHY GPIO reset */
	gpiod = devm_gpiod_get_optional(&bus->dev, "reset", GPIOD_OUT_LOW);
	if (IS_ERR(gpiod)) {
		dev_err(&bus->dev, "mii_bus %s couldn't get reset GPIO\n",
			bus->id);
		device_del(&bus->dev);
		return PTR_ERR(gpiod);
	} else	if (gpiod) {
		bus->reset_gpiod = gpiod;

		gpiod_set_value_cansleep(gpiod, 1);
		udelay(bus->reset_delay_us);
		gpiod_set_value_cansleep(gpiod, 0);
	}

	if (bus->reset)
		bus->reset(bus);

	for (i = 0; i < PHY_MAX_ADDR; i++) {
		if ((bus->phy_mask & BIT(i)) == 0) {
			struct phy_device *phydev;

			phydev = mdiobus_scan(bus, i);
			if (IS_ERR(phydev) && (PTR_ERR(phydev) != -ENODEV)) {
				err = PTR_ERR(phydev);
				goto error;
			}
		}
	}

	mdiobus_setup_mdiodev_from_board_info(bus, mdiobus_create_device);

	bus->state = MDIOBUS_REGISTERED;
	dev_dbg(&bus->dev, "probed\n");
	return 0;

error:
	while (--i >= 0) {
		mdiodev = bus->mdio_map[i];
		if (!mdiodev)
			continue;

		mdiodev->device_remove(mdiodev);
		mdiodev->device_free(mdiodev);
	}

	/* Put PHYs in RESET to save power */
	if (bus->reset_gpiod)
		gpiod_set_value_cansleep(bus->reset_gpiod, 1);

	device_del(&bus->dev);
	return err;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__mdiobus_register);

phy设备

如果直接走mdiobus_register来注册，就会去轮询执行mdiobbus_sacn来扫描phy设备

struct phy_device *mdiobus_scan(struct mii_bus *bus, int addr)
{
	struct phy_device *phydev;
	int err;

	phydev = get_phy_device(bus, addr, false); //get_phy_id -> mdiobus_read-> mii_bus->read -> emac_mii_read
	if (IS_ERR(phydev))
		return phydev;

	/*
	 * For DT, see if the auto-probed phy has a correspoding child
	 * in the bus node, and set the of_node pointer in this case.
	 */
	of_mdiobus_link_mdiodev(bus, &phydev->mdio);

	err = phy_device_register(phydev);
	if (err) {
		phy_device_free(phydev);
		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
	}

	return phydev;
}

 注册phy设备，switch走phy_driver的话，就去设备树添加对应mdio的子节点

(1). 先通过of_get_phy_id找看看mdio子节点的compatible属性，有没有id字符串，有的话直接创建设备

(2). 没有id字符串，就去通过get_phy_id去根据子节点的地址属性，去读id；读到id则创建phy设备；否则返回失败

static int of_mdiobus_register_phy(struct mii_bus *mdio,
				    struct device_node *child, u32 addr)
{
	struct phy_device *phy;
	bool is_c45;
	int rc;
	u32 phy_id;

	is_c45 = of_device_is_compatible(child,
					 "ethernet-phy-ieee802.3-c45");

	if (!is_c45 && !of_get_phy_id(child, &phy_id))
		phy = phy_device_create(mdio, addr, phy_id, 0, NULL); //switch一般走这：比如compatible属性有这种"ethernet-phy-id001c.c943"
	else
		phy = get_phy_device(mdio, addr, is_c45); //phy一般走这
	if (IS_ERR(phy))
		return PTR_ERR(phy);

	rc = of_irq_get(child, 0);
	if (rc == -EPROBE_DEFER) {
		phy_device_free(phy);
		return rc;
	}
	if (rc > 0) {
		phy->irq = rc;
		mdio->irq[addr] = rc;
	} else {
		phy->irq = mdio->irq[addr];
	}

	if (of_property_read_bool(child, "broken-turn-around"))
		mdio->phy_ignore_ta_mask |= 1 << addr;

	of_property_read_u32(child, "reset-assert-us",
			     &phy->mdio.reset_assert_delay);
	of_property_read_u32(child, "reset-deassert-us",
			     &phy->mdio.reset_deassert_delay);

	/* Associate the OF node with the device structure so it
	 * can be looked up later */
	of_node_get(child);
	phy->mdio.dev.of_node = child;
	phy->mdio.dev.fwnode = of_fwnode_handle(child);

	/* All data is now stored in the phy struct;
	 * register it */
	rc = phy_device_register(phy);
	if (rc) {
		phy_device_free(phy);
		of_node_put(child);
		return rc;
	}

	dev_dbg(&mdio->dev, "registered phy %pOFn at address %i\n",
		child, addr);
	return 0;
}

 按设备树里的phy子节点生成phy设备的ID

static int of_get_phy_id(struct device_node *device, u32 *phy_id)
{
	struct property *prop;
	const char *cp;
	unsigned int upper, lower;

	of_property_for_each_string(device, "compatible", prop, cp) {
		if (sscanf(cp, "ethernet-phy-id%4x.%4x", &upper, &lower) == 2) {
			*phy_id = ((upper & 0xFFFF) << 16) | (lower & 0xFFFF);
			return 0;
		}
	}
	return -EINVAL;
}

 以下是三种方式生成mdio子设备

1.比如添加一个platform设备树节点，在paltfoem驱动中去register_switch，然后通过swconfig去配置vlan
switch: rtk_switch@0 {
                compatible = "realtek,rtl8304";
                mii-bus = <&mdio>;
                rtl,ethernet = <&eth0>;
                status = "okay";
        };

2.手动去创建，注册一个phy_device，匹配phy驱动去初始化switch，在上层通过vconfig去配置vlan
phy_device_create(priv->mii，29，0x001cc943,0,NULL);
phy_device_register(phydev);if( ret)

3.phy设备节点添加一个phy节点
/* enable fix link for ethernet switch */
fixed-link {
		speed = <1000>;
		full-duplex;
		phy-mode = "rgmii";
};

mdio: mdio-bus {
		#address-cells = <0x1>;
		#size-cells = <0x0>;
		/* YT8521 10M/100M/100OM 1.8V RGMII PHY */
		phy0: phy@0 {
				compatible = "ethernet-phy-ieee802.3-c22";
				device_type = "ethernet-phy";
				reg = <0x0>; /* set phy address*/
				phy-mode = "rgmii";
				tx_rx_delay = <0x0 0x0>; /* 150ps per step*/
		};
		/* rtl8367 RGMII switch */
		phy29: phy@29 {
				compatible = "ethernet-phy-id001c.c943","ethernet-phy-ieee802.3-c22";
				device_type = "ethernet-phy";
				reg = <0x1d>; /* set phy address*/
				phy-mode = "rgmii";
				tx_rx_delay = <0x1 0x3>; /* 150ps per step*/
		}
}

设备跟驱动的匹配

设备注册后，就是跟驱动的匹配了

static int mdio_bus_match(struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv)
{
	struct mdio_device *mdio = to_mdio_device(dev);

	if (of_driver_match_device(dev, drv))
		return 1;

	if (mdio->bus_match)
		return mdio->bus_match(dev, drv);

	return 0;
}
//一般就是phy_device的phy_id跟phy_driver的phy_id去比较
static int phy_bus_match(struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv)
{
	struct phy_device *phydev = to_phy_device(dev);
	struct phy_driver *phydrv = to_phy_driver(drv);
	const int num_ids = ARRAY_SIZE(phydev->c45_ids.device_ids);
	int i;

	if (!(phydrv->mdiodrv.flags & MDIO_DEVICE_IS_PHY))
		return 0;

	if (phydrv->match_phy_device)
		return phydrv->match_phy_device(phydev);

	if (phydev->is_c45) {
		for (i = 1; i < num_ids; i++) {
			if (phydev->c45_ids.device_ids[i] == 0xffffffff)
				continue;

			if ((phydrv->phy_id & phydrv->phy_id_mask) ==
			    (phydev->c45_ids.device_ids[i] &
			     phydrv->phy_id_mask))
				return 1;
		}
		return 0;
	} else {
		return (phydrv->phy_id & phydrv->phy_id_mask) ==
			(phydev->phy_id & phydrv->phy_id_mask);
	}
}

phy驱动 

再给一个phy_driver的实例

#define PHY_ID_RTL836X 0x001cc943
static struct phy_driver r8367_driver[] = {
{
	PHY_ID_MATCH_MODEL(PHY_ID_RTL836X),
	.name			= "Realtek RTL836X",
	.phy_id_mask		= 0xffffffff,
	.probe			= r836x_probe,
	.soft_reset     = r836x_soft_reset,
	.config_init    = r836x_config_init,
	.features		= PHY_GBIT_FEATURES,
	.flags			= 0,
	.config_aneg		= r836x_config_aneg,
	.read_status		= r836x_read_status,
	.aneg_done		= r836x_aneg_done,
	.remove			= r836x_remove,
}};
module_phy_driver(r8367_driver);

调试步骤

 最后给个简单的调试步骤

1.mdio总线不通：
	量信号，如果没有信号，判断pinctrl的工作状态，是否被选择到rgmii接口了
2.chip id读不出:
	cpu这端有信号，但读不出id；判断switch的供电是否正常，确认各引脚的上下拉选择的功能,比如SMI_SEL
3.switch模式不通：
	一般上电后，cpu跟switch的所有port都是接通的，查看硬件原因，比如变压器
4.rgmii不通：
	tx，rx都有信号;环回模式，rx没信号；怀疑delay时序不对
5.vlan:
	swconfig或者vconfig