第四章 选择程序结构设计

例4.1 解二元一次方程

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
 double a,b,c,disc,x1,x2,p,q;
 scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&a,&b,&c);
 disc=b*b-4*a*c;
 if(disc<0)
printf("This eaquation hasn't real roots\n");
 else 
{ p=-b/(2.0*a);
q=sqrt(disc)/(2.0*a);
x1=p+q;x2=p-q;
printf("real roots:\nx1=%7.2f\nx2=%7.2f\n",x1,x2);
}
return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

例4.5 有一阶跃函数 输入X值 要求输出相应Y值

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int x,y;
	scanf("%d",&x);
	if(x<0)
		y=-1;
	else 
		if(x==0)y=0;
		else y=1;
		printf("x=%d,y=%d\n",x,y);
 return 0;
}

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int x,y;
	scanf("%d",&x);
	if(x>=0)
		if(x>0) y=1;
		else y=0;
		else y=-1;
		printf("x=%d,y=%d\n",x,y);
 return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

例4.7 用switch语句处理菜单命令

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	void action1(int,int),action2(int,int);
	char ch;
	int a=15,b=23;
	ch=getchar();
	switch(ch)
	{
	case'a':
	case'A':action1(a,b);break;
	case'b':
	case'B':action2(a,b);break;
	default:putchar('\a');
	}
	return 0;
}
	void action1(int x,int y)
	{
		printf("x+y=%d\n",x+y);
	}
	void action2(int x,int y)
	{
		printf("x*y=%d\n",x*y);
	}

运行结果如下：

例4.9 求二元一次方程解

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
	double a,b,c,disc,x1,x2,realpart,imagpart;
	scanf("%lf,%lf,%lf",&a,&b,&c);
	printf("The equation");
	if(fabs(a)<=1e-6)
		printf("is not a quadratic\n");
	else
	{
		disc=b*b-4*a*c;
		if(fabs(disc)<=1e-6)
			printf("has two equal roots:%8.4f\n",-b/(2*a));
		else
			if(disc>1e-6)
			{
				x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);
				x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);
				printf("has distinct real roots:%8.4f and %8.4f\n",x1,x2);
			}
			else
			{
				realpart=-b/(2*a);
				imagpart=sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);
				printf("has complex roots:\n");
				printf("%8.4f+%8.4fi\n",realpart,imagpart);
				printf("%8.4f-%8.4fi\n",realpart,imagpart);
			}
	}
	return 0;
}

运行结果如下：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
	int c,s;
	float p,w,d,f;
	printf("please enter price,weight,discount:");
	scanf("%f,%f,%d",&p,&w,&s);
	if(s>=3000) c=12;
	else c=s/250;
	switch(c)
	{
	case 0:d=0;break;
	case 1:d=2;break;
	case 2:
	case 3:d=5;break;
	case 4:
	case 5:
	case 6:
	case 7:d=8;break;
	case 8:
	case 9:
	case 10:
	case 11:d=10;break;
	case 12:d=15;break;
	}
	f=p*w*s*(1-d/100);
	printf("freight=%10.2f\n",f);
	return 0;
}

运行结果如下：